Types of fluid flows

Fluid flow is related with the fluid kinematics

1. Aldel Education Trust’s ST. JOHN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT, PALGHAR (ST. JOHN POLYTECHNIC) D EPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING S UB: FLUID MECHANICS AND MACHINERY T OPIC: TYPE OF FLUID FLOWS PREPARED BY:- Prof. Pranit Mehata Lecturer, SJCEM 7972064172

2. INTRODUCTION Whenever a fluid is in motion large number of small fluid particles are grouped together to form the flowing stream. The branch of fluid mechanics in which fluid motion is considered is called as fluid kinematics. Flow of fluid may occurs due to Difference of energy between one point to second point Pressure difference Difference in datum energy.

3. TYPES OF FLUID FLOWS

4. STEADY AND UNSTEDAY FLOW Steady flow : The type of flow in which the fluid characteristics like velocity, pressure, density, etc. at a point do not change with time . Mathematically, e .g. flow of water through a tap at a constant rate Unsteady flow: It is that type of flow in which the velocity, pressure or density at a point change w. r .t. time. Mathematically, e.g. flow of water through tap when tap is just made open  

5. UNIFORM AND NON-UNIFORM FLOW Uniform flow : The type of flow, in which the velocity at any given time does not change with respect to space. Mathematically, e.g. flow of water through a long pipe of uniform (same) diameter. Non-uniform flow : The type of flow, in which the velocity at any given time changes with respect to space. Mathematically, e.g. flow of water through a long pipe of varying cross section  

6. COMPRESSIBLE AND INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW Compressible flow : It is that type of flow in which the density ( ρ ) of the fluid changes from point to point. Mathematically, e.g. all gases Incom pressible f low : It is that type of flow in which density is constant for the fluid flow. . Mathematically, e.g. all liquids  

7. ROTATIONAL AND IRROTATIONAL FLOW Rotational flow : A flow is said to be rotational if the fluid particles while moving in the direction of flow rotate about their own axis e.g. Motion of liquid in a rotating tank . Irrotational f low : A flow is said to be irrotational if the fluid particles while moving in the direction of flow do not rotate about their own axis. e.g. Flow above a drain hole of a stationary tank or a wash basin.

8. LAMINAR AND TURBULENT FLOW Laminar Flow : A laminar flow is one in which paths taken by the individual particles do not cross one another and move along well defined paths. For laminar flow Reynolds number ( Re ) < 2000 e.g. flow of blood in veins , ground water flow Turbulent F low : A turb ulent flow is that flow in which fluid particles move in a zig zag way. For turbulent flow Reynolds number ( Re ) 4000 e.g. flow of water from river at a time of flood.  

9. ONE, TWO AND THREE DIMENSIONA FLOW One dimensional Flow : It is that type of flow in which the flow parameter such as velocity is function of time and one space co-ordinate only. e.g. Flow in a pipe where average flow parameters are considered for analysis Mathematically, Two dimensional flow: The flow in which the velocity is function of time and two space co-ordinates. e.g. flow between parallel plates Mathematically, Three dimensional flow: The flow in which the velocity is function of time and three mutually perpendicular directions. e.g. flow in converging or diverging pipe. Mathematically,   One dimensional flow Two dimensional flow Three dimensional flow