Types of satellite orbits 086

this ppt help you in understand to types of satellite orbit.

1. GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BHARUCH NAME :- RANE MANISH KISHORBHAI ENROLL. NO. :- 150140111086 SUBJECT :- SATELLITE COMMUNCATION PPT TOPIC :- TYPES OF SATELLITE ORBITS

2. What is satellite orbit? The satellite can be rotated around the earth through different paths. These are called as orbits of the satellite. The satellite orbit are used to cover the required application areas.

3. Types of satellite orbits :- Equatorial orbits Geosynchronous orbits Polar orbits Inclined orbits Prograde orbits Retrograde orbits Low earth orbits(LEO) and medium earth orbits(MEO) Sun synchronous orbits

4. Equatorial orbits When satellite rotates in an orbit above the e quator it is called as an equatorial orbits or circular or geostationary orbit. The circular equatorial orbit is exactly in the plane of equator on the earth. All the points on this orbit are equidistance from the earth surface. What is geostationary orbit? If the satellite rotating in this orbit has the angular velocity equal to the earth’s angular velocity, then the satellite is said to be moving along with the earth. It appears to be stationary to the point on the earth. Hence it is called as geostationary orbit.

5. For an orbit to be geostationary three condition need to satisfied they are The orbit must be circular. The inclination of the orbit must be zero. The satellite should travel in the east direction with a earth rotation speed of the earth. The rotational speed of the earth around it axis is 23h56m. The satellite in the geostationary orbit should complete its rotation around the earth in the same period of 23h56m.

6. Geosynchronous orbit. If the inclination of the orbit of the satellite is not zero then the orbit is called as geosynchronous orbit. The period of the geosynchronous orbit is equal to the period the revolution of the earth it self. The geosynchronous and geostationary orbit have the same time period.

7. Polar orbit. When the satellite rotates in orbit that covers the north and south poles it is called as a polar orbit. There are an infinite number of polar orbits. It is not used for normal communication pupose . It can established communication with the polar region collect information about the polar region of the earth. The information is used in weather forecasting. It help to locate ships and aircraft in distress. A service called SARSAT is used in search and rescue satellite.

8. Inclined orbit. The satellite following the other orbital path, other than equatorial or polar is called as an inclined orbit. Inclined orbit is used by many countries for their domestic communication. An inclined orbit is used to cover the polar region. An inclined orbit is not frequently used.

9. Prograde orbit: An orbit in which the satellite moves in the same direction as the earth’s rotation is called as a prograde orbit. Retrograde orbit: An orbit in which the satellite moves in opposite direction on the earth rotation is called as retrograde orbit.

10. Low earth and medium earth orbit: The LEO an MEO are used for specific height of the orbits. Hight of the LEO satellite is about 1500km. The height of the MEO satellite varies between 1500 to 36000. But practically the height of MEO satellite between 10000 to 15000 km range. LEO satellite to provide continuous gloal coverage.

11. APPLICATIONS: Surveillance of the earth surface. Mobile satellite communication. GPS constellation. Military data gathering and earth resources apllication .

12. sun sunchronous orbit: A Sun-synchronous orbit is a nearly polar orbit around a planet, in which the satellite passes over any given point of the planet's surface at the same local mean solar time . it is an orbit arranged so that it precesses through one complete revolution each year, so it always maintains the same relationship with the Sun . A Sun-synchronous orbit can place a satellite in constant sunlight, which allows the solar panels to work continually. This orbit is also useful for imaging, spy, and weather satellites.

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