UCSP-Presentation1 - First Grading .pptx

he learners are able to: 1. Articulate observations on human cultural variation, social differences, social change, and political identities.(UCSP11/12SPU- Ia-1) 2. Demonstrate curiosity and an openness to explore the origins and dynamics of culture and society, and political identities (UCSP11/12SPU-Ia-2) 3. Analyze social, political, and cultural change (UCSP11/12SPUIb-3) 4. Recognize the common concerns or intersections of anthropology, sociology, and political science with respect to the phenomenon of change (UCSP11/12SPUIb-4) 5. Identify the subjects of inquiry and goals of Anthropology, Political Science, and Sociology UCSP11/12SPU-Ib-5
2. LESSON 1: SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDYING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS
3.  Social interaction is the foundation of society.  It is more than simply acting but a communication of information that is either simple or complex between and among individuals.  Sociologists use the term social interaction to refer to the behavior between two or more people that corresponds to a meaning that is given by them, whether it is based in harmony or conflict, social interactions later results to developing a culture that is commonly shared by a group of people. SOCIAL INTERACTION
4. PIN POINT! Using the picture above, identify the concepts you can associate with culture, society and politics. From your answer give your own definitions of culture society and politics.
5.  Human society is defined as a system of social interaction that includes both culture and social organization (Anderson and Taylor: 2017).  Individual members of the society maintain ties of interaction by performing and conforming to the general way of life that is recognized by the whole society also known as culture. SOCIETY
6.  It refers to the total lifestyle of a people, including all of the ideas, values, knowledge, behaviors and material objects that every members share, everyone then is both encouraged and mandated to conform(Suvillian:1995).  It is that complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of a society. (Based on E.B. Tylor’s definition).  It is all that is learned by an individual in his society. CULTURE
7.  Politics refers to the use of power to determine whose values will predominate, how rewards and resources will be allocated and the manner in which conflicting interest in society will be resolved.  Politics can also be define as the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. POLITICS In this society, the individual members will be directed to conform what is tolerable or approved behavioral patterns thus preventing deviations from what is acceptable. By means of social control also known as laws, cohesiveness of the group shall be maintained;

1. “ A PERSON MAY ESCAPE SOCIETY FOR A WHILE, BUT HE CAN NEVER ESCAPE CULTURE” What can you say about the quotation? Do you agree with the author’s statement? Why or Why not

2. ANTHROPOLOGY From the two Greek words “ANTHROPOS” And “LOGOS” Human Refers to knowledge Study of human’s past and present Is a branch of social science that deals with all aspects of human beings .

3. PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY Focuses on the biological and evolutionary framework of humanity

4. CHARLES DARWIN GROUP OF ENTHUSIAST AND INTELLECTUALS SPENCER MORGAN TYLOR Evolution did not limit itself to the biological aspect of humans but can also be seen extending to cultural life } The English naturalist and biologist whose proposition states that all species of life have descended from common ancestors, which is now widely accepted and considered a fundamental concept in science

5. WHAT ARE THE 7 STAGES OF HUMAN EVOLUTION

6. The oldest hominin recovered so far. Estimated to have lived approximately 7 million years ago

7. Existing around 6.2 - 6 million years ago

8. HOMO ERECTUS “ The upright Man” and made polished stone stools for hunting and protecting himself and his people from enemies.

9. Homo is the Latin word for 'human' or 'man' and sapiens is derived from a Latin word that means 'wise' or 'astute'.

10. What are the 3 stone ages?

11. PALEOLITHIC AGE Developed small sculptures, monumental paintings, incised designs, and reliefs on the walls of caves are some of the earliest examples of representational art The era where people began this art

12. Mesolithic, also called  the Middle Stone Age,  ancient cultural stage that existed between the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age), with its chipped stone tools, and the Neolithic (New Stone Age), with its polished stone tools.

13. The Neolithic or New Stone Age is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Europe, Asia, and Africa.

14. Stonehenge  is the most famous prehistoric monument in the world .

15. BRONISLAW MALINOWSKI Introduce d participant observation as a method of studying culture HOWELL Defined it as “open-ended inductive long-term living with and among the people to be studied, the sole purpose of which is to achieve an understanding of local knowledge, values, and practices from the native’s point of view.

16. Franz boaz Is considered the father of American Anthropology Social evolution Historical Particularism Cultural relativism

17. EDWARD B. TYLOR British anthropologist. His book PRIMITIVE CULTURE first gave the definition of culture which is widely quoted as “ Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, law, custom and all aspects of man as a member of society

18. MAJOR BRANCHES OF ANTHROPOLOGY

19. CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY It is the study of human beings, their origins, human behavior, and human societies around the world. It also deals with the description and analysis of the forms and styles of social life of past and present

20. LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY The study of language mainly but not exclusively among humans. It also deals with the study of communication’s origins, history, and contemporary variation.

21. BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY The study of humans as biological organisms, including their evolution and contemporary variation.

22. APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY They analyze social, political, and economic problems and develop solutions to respond to present problems

23. Sociology Deals with the study of society and social interactions taking place Origin Evolution Development of human society Social interactions Social relationships Social organization Structure Process

24. ARISTOTLE As the study of the state Analysis of political systems Political behavior Political culture Population Clearly defined territory Government Permanence Legitimacy Sovereignty The First Teacher", and among medieval Christians like Thomas Aquinas as simply "The Philosopher", Founder of Formal Logic

25. ARCHEOLOGY Study of past human cultures through their material remains. Artifacts Fossils Bone fragments It also the study of past human culture through the recovery and analysis of artifacts

26. ARTIFACTS These are objects shaped by humans that are archeological, historical, or cultural interests that shed light on our heritage.

27. fossils Fossils are the preserved remains of plants and animals whose bodies were buried in sediments, such as sand and mud, under ancient seas, lakes, and rivers. Fossils also include any preserved trace of life that is typically more than 10,000 years old

28. BONE FRAGMENTS

29. POLITICAL SCIENCE POLIS - CITY STATE SCIENCE - POLITICAL - SCIRE - TO KNOW Is a discipline in social science concerned primarily with the state, government, and politics .

30. AREAS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

31. Political Theory It deals with the accumulation of principles identifying with the basis, structure, conduct, and operations of the state

32. Public Law It pertains to laws or ordinances which control the framework of public governance

33. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION It serves as an academic discipline that studies civil service and governance

34. POLITICAL DYNAMICS It is an aspect of political science which are concerned with the relationship between different societal forces that dictate political opportunities and actions.

35. GOVERNMENT AND BUSINESS It gives importance to the regulatory and governmental function to cooperate, or business entities concerning the national economy

36. LEGISLATURES AND LEGISLATION The term legislation is a complex mechanism that can be extended as a discipline.

37. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS It includes inquiries into the nation-state’s foreign policy in their mutual ties on the various forces-geographic, technological, psychological, and political that contribute to shaping such policy.

38. INTERNATIONAL LAW It is a system of agreements and treaties that entails the responsibilities of one state to another

39. COMPARATIVE GOVERNMENT It is a discipline that studies and analyzes the general structure of governments of all countries.

40. LAZO The aim of political science is citizenship education. It mandates students to participate, appreciate, and understand the duties and responsibilities of being a member of a society.

41. ASPECTS OF CULTURE

42. DYNAMIC, FLEXIBLE AND ADAPTIVE SHARED AND CONTESTED LEARNED THROUGH SOCIALIZATION OR ENCULTURATION PATTERNED SOCIAL INTERACTIONS INTEGRATED AND AT TIMES UNSTABLE TRANSMITTED THROUGH SOCIALIZATION/ ENCULTURATION REQUIRES LANGUAGE AND OTHER FORMS OF COMMUNICATION

43. TYPES OF CULTURE CULTURE – Is primarily composed of material and non–material elements MATERIAL CULTURE – includes all visible parts and tangible objects NON-MATERIAL CULTURE – Has intangible objects or invisible parts

44. MATERIAL CULTURE NON-MATERIAL CULTURE FOOD IDEAS AND KNOWLEDGE CLOTHING AND FASHION BELIEFS AND TRADITIONS BUILDINGS AND PRORETIES SYMBOLS AND LANGUAGE

45. ELEMENTS OF CULTURE

46. norms These are the standards and expected behaviors within a society. It is divided into two

47. FORMAL NORMS MORES – They are norms that has a firm control to moral and ethical behavior Pre- Marital sex Homosexual relationships LAWS – They are ordinance of reason enacted to protect the people from the bad effects of outdated mores 1987 constitution, laws promulgated by the Philippine Government

48. SYMBOLS These are anything that carry a meaning recognized by people who share culture VALUES These are culturally defined standards by which people assess desirability, goodness, and beauty and that serve as broad guidelines for social living Beliefs These are specific statements that people hold to be true LANGUAGE It refers to a form of communication using words either spoken or gestured with the hands and structured with grammar, often with a writing system TABOOS These are norms that are crucial to a society’s moral center, involving behaviors that are always negatively sanctioned The symbol of a cross refers to Christianity while the crescent shape to Islam Filipino hospitality, resiliency, close family ties, positive outlook in life and optimism Superstitious belief s The crossing of fingers may refer that someone is hoping of good luck but in Vietnam it represents the genitals of a female Incest, Cannibalism

49. Theoretical Perspective On Society

50. HERBERT SPENCER Described the emerging societies as societies of survival and primarily based on the concept of natural law.

51. KARL MARX He postulated that societies develop through class conflicts. His theories led to the development of Marxism Ex. Workers and capitalist

52. EMILE DURKHEIM Said that society is composed of harmonious elements such as individuals, organizations, and social institutions.

53. GEORGE HERBERT MEAD Scholars who conceptualized the concept of SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM take a different point of view on society

54. HERBERT BLUMER Who coined the term symbolic interactionism studies how humans interact with the meanings ascribed to a specific object under circumstances

55. ERVING GOFFMAN He used dramaturgical analysis. He used theater as an analogy for social interaction and recognized that people like actors and actresses, play their roles and function according to it

56. CHARLES HORTON - COOLEY Said that society and individuals are not separated but are simply collective and distributive aspects of the same thing. He theorized the concept of the LOOKING GLASS SELF

57. MORRIS GINSBERG Stated that society is a group individuals who have a different set of patterned behavior.

58. FRANKLIN GIDDINGS Mention that society is a unified itself, the organization, and the totality of formal relations in which interacting humans are guaranteed together

59. 1. Complete the Venn diagram below to see the similarities and differences between Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science. 2. Write the similarities in the intersecting spaces while providing the difference of each term in the outer circles. Anthropology Sociology Political Science 1 st Activity