ULOa part 1 ppt (1).pptProtection of the scene against contamination, degradation, and loss of evidence.

Protection of the scene against contamination, degradation, and loss of evidence.

1. FUNDAMENTALS OF CRIMINAL
INVESTIGATION WITH
INTELLIGENCE

2. WHAT IS CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION?

3. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION DEFINED
•its is an art, which deals with
identity and location of the
criminal offender and the
gathering and providing
evidence of his guilt in
criminal proceedings.

4. ORIGIN OF WORD INVESTIGATION
•The word investigation is taken from the Latin
word “investigare” which means to trace

5. OBJECTIVES OF CRIMINAL
INVESTIGATION
1.To detect crime
2.To locate and identify suspects in crimes
3.To arrest suspects in crimes
4.To recover stolen property
5.To prepare sound criminal cases for prosecution

6. OBJECTIVES OF CRIMINAL
INVESTIGATION
1.To detect crime
2.To locate and identify suspects in crimes
3.To arrest suspects in crimes
4.To recover stolen property
5.To prepare sound criminal cases for prosecution

7. •HANS GROSS ones said that “criminal
investigation is 95% perspiration, 3% inspiration,
and 2% luck.”

8. •He also added that criminal investigation is an art
not a science. But must treat partially as a science
in order that we are guided by the general
principles and concept; and the provisions of laws
pertinent to our Criminal Justice System

9. CONCEPT AND
PRINCIPLE OF CRIMINAL
INVESTIGATION

10. WHAT/ WHO
IS THE
CRIMINAL
INVESTIGATOR?

11. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATOR DEFINED
•HE IS THE SKILLED PERSON WHO IS
CHARGED WITH THE DUTY OF CONDUCTING
CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION WHEN A CRIME IS
COMMITTED.

12. Officer who stays with the
case from that moment until
prosecution or their retirement.
Detective - (OLD)
IOC, Officer-on-Case -
(MODERN)
Prober - Most recent term
used.

13. •WHO is the first woman detective in
history of criminal investigation?

14. •WHO is the first woman detective in history of
criminal investigation?
KATE WANE-first female detective, in 1856, in the 
Pinkerton Detective Agency and the United
States.

15. QUALITIES OF A GOOD INVESTIGATOR
PERSEVERANCE - steadfastness, persistence and
resolution to bring the desired conclusion inspite of
obstacle connected with criminal investigation.

16. INDURANCE- the ability to last physically and
mentally hence, he must have the extra ordinary
physical and mental energy enduring sleepless night
and tiresome day

17. INCORRUPTIBLE HONESTY AND
INTEGRITY- in the practise of his art, there is the
ever temptation of money, women's. and drinks,
where these are present in every corner playing
tricks of temptation.

18. THE INTELLIGENCE AND WISDOM OF
SOLOMON- this is very important in order
that the investigator could easily decipher
falsehood from truth and separate the grain
from the chaff.

19. THE KNOWLEDGE OF PSYCHOLOGY AN
OTHER NATURAL SCIENCES -
he must know the different patterns of
human behavior, the prevailling situations in
a specific environment and the laws of the
nature.

20. ACTING ABILITY- it is the ability to go down to
the level of the minor, the prostitute or slum
dwellers, or the level of the other professionals or
the members of the elite.

21. MASTER OF ORAL AND WRITTEN
COMMUNICATION- in order that he will
not suffer setback in getting accurate fact.

22. •THE KEEN POWER OF OBSERVATION AND
DISCRIPTION- these are very important in
crime scene investigation and in interview and
interrogation

23. COURAGE- it is moral fortitude to tell the truth
no matter who will be hurt.

24. WORKING KNOWLEDGE OF CRIMINAL LAW,
EVIDENCE, CRIMINAL PROCEDURE AND PENAL
LAWS.

25. •SENSE OF JUSTICE AND FAIR PLAY.
•THE POWER TO READ BETWEEN THE LINES .

26. WORKING KNOWLEDGE OF MARTIAL
ARTS AND FIREARMS PROFICIENCY- he
will find himself in many occasions that he will
be alone in confronting, arresting, bringing to
headquarters and interrogating the suspect

27. THE THREE TOOLS OR I’S OF INVESTIGATION

28. THE THREE TOOLS OR I’S OF INVESTIGATION
1.INFORMATION
2.INTERVIEW AND INTERROGATION
3.INSTRUMENTATION

29. 1.INFORMATION:
- it is knowledge or facts which the
investigator had gathered or acquired from
person or documents which are pertinent and
relevant in concerning the commission of the
crime or criminal activities.

30. INFORMATION CLASSIFIED AS TO SOURCES
1.regular sources
2.Cultivated sources
3.Grapevines sources

31. INFORMATION CLASSIFIED AS TO SOURCES
1.regular sources
records, files from government
or non-government agencies , news
item.

32. 2. CULTIVATED SOURCES- information
furnished by informants or informers.

33. INFORMANTS
•An informant is any person who furnished
the police an information relevant to a
criminal case voluntarily .

34. INFORMERS
•He is the person who provides
information to the police on a regular
basis. They are either paid regularly or in
a case to case basis.

35. 3. GRAPEVINES SOURCES- these are information
coming from the underworld characters.

36. GRAPEVINES SOURCES
Examples: prisoners or ex- convicts

37. 2. INTERVIEW AND INTERROGATION
a)interview defined
-it is simple questioning of a person who cooperates
with the investigator. these are the witness who
voluntarily give their accounts about the
commission of a crime.

38. b) INTERROGATION
it is the process of obtaining an admission or
confession from those suspects to have committed a crime.
it is a skilful way of questioning.

39. b) INTERROGATION
it is confrontational in nature, which means that the
suspect is confronted about his participation in the
commission of an offense.

40. C) FIELD INQUIRY
-it is general questioning of all person at
the crime scene conducted by the
investigator.

41. C) FIELD INQUIRY
there is no need to warn the persons questioned
about the Miranda Doctrine because this is not a
part of custodial investigation. Any confession or
admission taken thereto is admissible in evidence.

42. 3. INSTRUMENTATION (CRIMINALISTICS)
it is the process of applying instrumentation or tools of the police
science in criminal investigation and detection. the used of police
laboratory in the examination of physical evidence , such us forensic
ballistic and other sciences is sometimes called criminalistics.