Uml in software engineering

complete discruption about UMLs

1. Aug 18, 2016
Simple UML

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What is UML?
UML stands for Unified Modeling Language
UML is a diagramming language designed for Object-
Oriented programming
UML can be used to describe:
the organization of a program
how a program executes
how a program is used
how a program is deployed over a network
…and more

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Design Patterns
Design Patterns describe the higher-level organization
of solutions to common problems
Design Patterns are a current hot topic in O-O design
UML is always used for Design Patterns
Design Patterns are used to describe refactorings
We will discuss some Design Patterns later on in this
course

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UML is complex
UML is a big, complicated diagramming language
UML comprises at least seven or eight different kinds
of diagrams
This talk will cover just a tiny bit of one kind of
diagram, the class diagram
A class diagram is often all that is needed to describe
a particular Design Pattern

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Class diagrams
A class diagram shows classes, interfaces, and their
relationships
We’ll cover most of classes and interfaces, and a few
of the most important relationships

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Classes
A class is drawn as a rectangle with two or three
compartments:
Name of the class
Variables [optional]
Methods

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Variables I
A variable is written as:
visibility name : type
where:
+ means public visibility
# means protected visibility
- means private visibility
<blank> means default (package) visibility
Example: +length:int

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Variables II
Static variables are underlined
An initial value can be shown with =value
Example:
-numberOfEmployees:int=10
means numberOfEmployees is:
private
static
integer
and has 10 as its initial value

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Methods
Methods are written as:
visibility name (parameters) : returnType
where
visibility uses the same syntax variables (+, -, #, blank)
parameters are given as name:type
if the returnType is void, it is omitted
constructors are preceded by «constructor»
interfaces are preceded by «interface»
an ellipsis (…) indicates omitted methods

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Example of a class
Card
cardId:int
-copy:boolean=false
«constructor» Card(int id)
+isKind(desiredKind:int)
+isSharable():boolean
+toString():String

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Types of relationships
A
B
Class B
extends
class A
C
D
1..4
Class C
contains
1 to 4 objects
of class D
Factory
Product
creates
Other
kinds of
relations

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Example: Secret Code program

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UML tools
Rational Rose is the “real world” standard; full round-
trip code generation
Recently acquired by IBM (right under Microsoft’s nose!)
Together (from Borland) is a lot like Rational Rose
I haven’t used it in about three years (since before Borland
bought it from TogetherSoft)
ArgoUML looks interesting (and is open source)
BlueJ, of course, displays simple UML diagrams
Drawing programs with UML support
Visio is a Microsoft tool
Dia is a freeware clone of Visio

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Tool links
Rational Rose
http://www-3.ibm.com/software/awdtools/developer/rosexde/
Together
http://www.borland.com/together/
ArgoUML
http://argouml.tigris.org
Visio
Hard to find info on Microsoft’s site!
http://msdn.microsoft.com/office/understanding/visio/
Dia
http://www.lysator.liu.se/~alla/dia

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The End