Understanding the community.pptx--------

-

1. Understanding the community

2. Community Defined the people in a given geographical locality any group sharing something in common. This may refer to smaller geographic areas -- a neighborhood, a housing project development, a rural area -- number of other possible communities within a larger, geographically-defined community.

3. A human system composed of an aggregation of people interacting with each other over time, their behavior and activities are guided by a set of collectively-evolved norms or collective decisions, from which the members experience mutual support and fulfill their basic needs.

4. race or ethnicity, professional or economic ties, religion, culture, shared background or interest:

5. Types of Community as a social system   Geographic community   It refers to the people in a specific area or location in a microcosm. For example, village, district, province, nation or the world. It may also refer to the people and their natural habitat such as the watershed community.   Functional or sectoral community   It is composed of people who hold common values, share common functions or express some common interest such as education, health, livelihood, labor, welfare or recreation. For example, the professional community, farmers community, the banking community, the international community.

6. Approaches in Understanding the Community Ecological Structural Normative

7. E C O L O G I C A L Geographical features Demography Resources Space Relations

8. S T R U C T U R A L Institutions/Organizations Leadership/government Positions Status/Roles Communication Pattern

9. N O R M A T I V E Values and Norms History Language Customs and Traditions Knowledge Beliefs Aspirations

10. Basic Social Processes 1.1. Competition- forms of opposition and struggle. A less violent forms of opposition in which two or more persons or group struggle for some end or goal but in the cause of which attention is formed chiefly on the reward rather than the competition (Young and Mack).

11. 2. Conflict May develop from competition Forms of emotionalized and violent opposition in which the major concern is to overcome the opponent as a means of securing a given goal or reward.” Motivated by the desire to secure a scarce goal or common values. Focus of the attention is the opponent with the intention of blocking, destruction and defeat accompanied by fear, hate or anger.

12. 3. COOPERATION A more specific aspect of human intercourse having to do with mutual aid or alliance of persons seeking some common goals or reward (Young & Mack). Important characteristics is the mutual advantage to be gained by cooperating members through sharing the performance of common tasks. Pattern of cooperation is acquired in the family and friendship groups.

13. DERIVED PROCESSES 1. Amalgamation Intermarriage of persons coming from different ethnic groups. Hastens assimilation by making the physical and cultural characteristics of the two ethnic groups similar.

14. 2. Assimilation It is a process of interpenetration and fusion in which persons and groups acquire the memories, sentiments, and attitudes of other persons or groups and by sharing their experiences and history are incorporated with them in a common cultural fusion- a blending of values, attitudes, and beliefs (Park and Burgess) .

15. 3. Acculturation Process by which societies of different cultures are modified through fairly close and long-continued contact but do not blend with one another. Usually a 2-way process, society borrows from the culture of the other without losing its identity.

16. 4. Accommodation Accommodation- used by Young and mack in two senses: as a condition and as process .“ As a condition, it refers to the fact of equilibrium between individuals and groups and the “rules of the game” which has developed.. as a process it refers to the conscious efforts of men to develop such working arrangements among themselves as will suspend conflict and make their relationships more tolerable and less wasteful of energy.

17. Value Assumptions as Guide People want change and they can change Changes in community living that are self-imposed or self-developed have a meaning and a permanence that imposed changes do not have. People should participate in making, adjusting, or controlling the major changes taking place in their communities. Democracy requires cooperative participation and action in the affairs of the community, and that people must learn the skills which make this possible. Communities of people can develop capacity to deal with their own problems. ‘Holistic approach’ can cope with most of the problems with which a ‘fragmented approach’ cannot cope.