Unit 1, Lesson 1.2 - Branches of Science

Unit 1, Lesson 1.2 - Branches of Science

Lesson Outline:
1. Introduction
2. Social Sciences
3. Formal Sciences
4. Natural Sciences
5. Pure Science (Physical and Biological Sciences)
6. Applied Science (Technology)
7. Feature: Foreign Scientist of the Week!

1. Branches of Science Unit One, Lesson 1.2 By Margielene D. Judan

2. LESSON OUTLINE Introduction Social Sciences Formal Sciences Natural Sciences Pure Science (Physical and Biological Sciences) Applied Science (Technology) Feature: Foreign Scientist of the Week!

3. Science is the study of the universe.

4. The study of science ranges from the largest (universe) to the tiniest (particles).

5. Science has three major branches: Social Sciences Formal Sciences Natural Sciences* *We will focus our study on natural sciences.

6. 1. Social Sciences Object of study: Society It focuses primarily on the study of people history and culture.

7. 1. Social Sciences (examples) Anthropology Archaeology Business Administration Communication Criminology Economics Education Government Linguistics International Relations Political Science Psychology Sociology Geography History Law

8. 2 . Formal Sciences Object of study: Formal Systems (rules, definitions) It serves as a “ tool” for all sciences. It is concerned with properties of formal systems based on definitions and rules

9. 2. Formal Sciences (examples) Logic Mathematics Theoretical Computer Science Information Theory Systems Theory Decision Theory Statistics Linguistics

10. 3 . Natural Sciences Object of study: Natural World It tries to understand the natural world.

11. Two Divisions of Natural Sciences Pure Science Applied Science

12. PURE SCIENCE Science to uncover new information about the world (basic research) The study of science alone, for knowledge purposes only.

13. PURE SCIENCE includes Physics Chemistry Earth Science Biology Mathematics

14. APPLIED SCIENCE Uses the discoveries of pure science to create practical solutions to existing problems Also known as “ technology ”

15. APPLIED SCIENCE includes Technology Medicine Electronics Environmental Science Computer Science Engineering

16. Compare this to the previous picture.

17. They are all related to each other.

18. Some are the applications of the other.

19. Notice that Mathematics is the tool to all sciences.

20. Pure vs. Applied Science Pure science addresses basic questions. Supports applied science. Restricted to abstract or theoretical concepts. For knowledge and research purposes. Applied science solves specific problems. Suggests questions for pure science. Used in actual practice or to solve practical problems. For problem solving purposes. Often referred to as “technology”.

21. Examples of Pure Science Scientists study human vision to learn how the eye works. Students look through a microscope to see what’s inside a cell. A biologist is experimenting on a plant’s reaction to lack of sunlight. Anatomy, Cell Biology, Botany, Physics, Chemistry, Earth Sciences are all pure sciences.

22. Examples of Applied Science Scientists invent motion pictures, eye glasses, and contact lenses. Pharmacologists make and manufacture drugs and medicines. Engineers create bridges and tall buildings. Medicine, Computer Science, Engineering, Robotics and Technology are all applied sciences.

23. DIVISIONS OF PURE SCIENCE Biological Science – study of living things Physical Science – study of non-living things

24. BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE Study of living things Biological Sciences Overlapping Sciences Zoology Biochemistry Botany Biophysics Physiology Paleontology Anatomy Astrobiology Histology Human Kinetics Cytology Ecology Genetics Agricultural Chemistry Taxonomy Agriculture

25. PHYSICAL SCIENCE Study of non-living things Physics Chemistry Earth Sciences Overlapping Sciences Kinetics Analytical Chemistry Astronomy Astrophysics Nuclear Physics Inorganic Chemistry Geology Atmospheric Chemistry Quantum Mechanics Nuclear Chemistry Hydrology Geochemistry Aeronautics Organic Chemistry Meteorology Physical Chemistry Solid State Physics Qualitative Chemistry Oceanography Physical Geology Theoretical Physics Quantitative Chemistry Seismology Soil Chemistry Thermodynamics Soil Science Mechanics Volcanology

26. Physics Science that deals with matter and energy and the interactions between them. Physics Kinetics Nuclear Physics Quantum Mechanics Aeronautics Solid State Physics Theoretical Physics Thermodynamics Mechanics

27. Chemistry Science that deals with matter, its composition, structure and properties, the changes it undergoes, and the energy accompanying the changes between them. Chemistry Analytical Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Nuclear Chemistry Organic Chemistry Qualitative Chemistry Quantitative Chemistry

28. Earth Science Study of Earth and its composition, processes, and properties. Earth Sciences Astronomy Geology Hydrology Meteorology Oceanography Seismology Soil Science Volcanology

29. Foreign Scientist of the Week!

30. Aristotle (384-322 BC)

31. Aristotle (384-322 BC) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle was born circa 384 B.C. in Stagira, Greece. When he turned 17, he enrolled in Plato’s Academy. In 338, he began tutoring Alexander the Great. In 335, Aristotle founded his own school, the Lyceum, in Athens, where he spent most of the rest of his life studying, teaching and writing. Aristotle died in 322 B.C., after he left Athens and fled to Chalcis .

32. Aristotle (384-322 BC) He was the foremost natural philosopher in the ancient world. He laid the foundation of modern scientific thought and assembled materials for an organized encyclopedia. Main Contribution: Modern Philosophy

33. Activity Time!

34. Activity (1/2 sheet of paper): I. Classify whether it is a pure (PS) or applied (AS) science. Scientists look for new forms of matter. Physicists test the Big Bang Theory. Plant biologists improve the immunity of crops to various diseases. Discovery of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Students conducting research on various forms of rocks. A dentist puts braces on your teeth. An IT college student develops the game Clash of Clans.

35. Activity (1/2 sheet of paper) : I. Classify whether it is a pure (PS) or applied (AS) science. Doctor gives you a medical prescription. Students solve math problems. A vendor gives a change of 5 pesos after buying a 15-peso worth of food.

36. Activity (1/2 sheet of paper): II. Classify as living (L) or non-living (NL) thing. Rock Flower People Statue Robot Bacteria Soil Egg Cell Atoms Air

37. I. Answers: Scientists look for new forms of matter. (PS) Physicists test the Big Bang Theory. (PS) Plant biologists improve the immunity of crops to various diseases. (AS ) Discovery of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (AS ) Students conducting research on various forms of rocks. (PS) A dentist puts braces on your teeth. (AS ) An IT college student develops the game Clash of Clans . (AS )

38. I. Answers: Doctor gives you a medical prescription. (AS ) Students study medicine. (AS) A vendor gives a change of 5 pesos after buying a 15-peso worth of food. (AS )

39. Rock (NL) Flower (L ) People (L) Statue (NL) Robot (NL) Bacteria (L) Soil (NL) Egg Cell (L) Atoms (NL) Air (NL) II. Answers:

40. Refer to p.9 of your book. Give a short description each of the following fields in the table. Ex. Zoology – the study of animals Assignment (to be passed tomorrow)

41. Sources: Science Links 7 https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branches_of_science http:// vonscience.blogspot.com/2005/08/pure-science-versus-applied-science.html https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/the-study-of-life-1/the-science-of-biology-48/basic-and-applied-science-266-11399 / http:// www.biography.com/people/aristotle-9188415