UNIT 7 EQUIPMENT & LINEN.pptx

equipment

1. EQUIPMENT & LINEN

2. Introduction The delivery of best health care services depends heavily on medical equipment for life support, for diagnosis, for patient monitoring, for the delivery of therapies, for rehabilitation following disease or injury and for teaching and research purpose. It can be used alone or in combination with any accessory, consumable or other piece of medical equipment. Handling materials and equipments are very important responsibility of the nurse working in the hospital.

3. equipments Fixed or portable & non expandable items used for the diagnosis, treatment, monitoring and direct care of patients are referred as equipment. It refers to various devices, tools, instruments that are used in hospitals and health care works.

4. equipments These equipments must be well functioning and adequate supplies must be there to provide optimum nursing care. Insufficient and ill functioning equipments results in increased work and dangerous for patient.

5. Categories on the list of medical equipments used in hospitals

6. Diagnostic equipment

7. Life support equipment

8. Treatment equipment

9. General equipments used in hospital

10. Uses of equipments Diagnostic Therapeutic Monitoring General Medical

11. Types Major equipments Minor equipments

12. Maintenance of hospital equipments

13. Daily or weekly inspection Visual inspection Performance test Calibration ( Medical calibration refers to  the process of adjusting the accuracy of a medical display in line with regulatory standards) Check out Planned preventive Breakdown

14. Equipment audit It’s a periodic evaluation system to measure the quality of the medical equipment.

15. Medical supplies Medical or surgical items that are consumable, expendable, disposable or non durable & that are used for the treatment or diagnosis of a patients specific illness, injury or condition.

16. Disposable products A disposable product is a product designed for single use after which its recycled or is disposed as solid waste.

17. Reusable medical devices The devices that the health care providers can reprocess and reuse on multiple patients.

18. Reusable medical devices Critical devices *it can be clean as soon as possible after using *sterilize by moist heat after cleaning *sterility can be maintained Semi critical devices *it can be clean as soon as possible after using *sterilize by moist heat after cleaning Non critical devices *clean as necessary with discomfort *comes in contact with unbroken skin

19. Indent Nurses are expected to maintain adequate supply of equipment, supplies and the medicines in order to give quality service to patients. The nurse should ensure and control the right supply, at the right place and in right quantity.

20. Definition An indent is an official order or requisition for medicine and supplies from the medical stores. Indent is a list of items made for availing in the ward.

21. Process Its done weekly or monthly basis. After making the list of items which are not available in the stock, its been sent to main store. As per hospital policy, days are fixed for submitting the indent to the store. In each unit/ ward, the incharge person is responsible.

22. Inventory An inventory is a detailed list of articles in the ward including its specification and the quantity available. An inventory is a detailed list of all articles on the ward their specification and standard number of quantity.

23. Types of inventory Raw materials & purchased parts Work in progress Finished goods inventories or merchandise Tools and supplies Maintenance & repairs inventory Pipe line inventory Periodical inventory Helps in identifying missed or misplaced articles.

24. Linen It’s a general term used to denote clothing items. Cotton is most preferred and frequently used material as its cheaper and more comfortable.

25. Maintenance of linen

26. Linen department All linen must be stored in a central place- the linen department. The room should be closely located to the laundry or washing area. The cupboards needs to be neatly labeled both outside and inside.

27. Functions of linen department Purchasing, stocking & distribution of linen. Collection of soiled and infected linen. Processing of linen. Ensure hygienic washing. Receiving the washed and clean linen.

28. Functions of linen department Regular inspection. Distributing to different user departments. Condemnation of linen that cannot be repaired. Conducting inventory periodically. Maintaining registers.

29. Purchasing & stocking of linen It may be uniform for all rooms / different categories of room & different wards may have different colors. In a multi speciality hospital, the ratio of bed to linen should be 1:4 or 1:5 or as per hospital policy. In eye hospital 1:3 is sufficient.

30. distributing linen into different user department Care of linen in each unit Linen is received in each unit/ward. Stock register is maintained by in charge. Maintain register for linen wash out for washing & received after washing. Linen arranged neatly and kept labeled. Inventory of all linen should take every week.

31. Sending linen for wash from the unit Collect soiled linen from every room / area. Never put used linen on floor. When taking soiled linen, it should be folded to prevent dust from flying about and put into the laundry bags provided. Prepare a record of linen sent from laundry.

32. Collection of linen from different areas of ward Soiled linen received from various units are sorted according to condition and type. Linen soiled with blood, body stain and rust washed separately . In laundry linen separated type wise. .

33. Repairing of damaged linen Distributing the linen Condemnation of linen Maintain registers and conducting inventory periodically Frequency for washing

34. Removal of stains from linen Tea, coffee, coca spread the cloth cover over a hold & pour boiling water from reasonable height. Rub lemon, boric powder over the stain & keep in sunlight. Wash with soap & water. Milk & sodium carbonate can be used.

35. Vegetable stains Apply salt over the stain . Pour hot water over it. Apply ammonia (NH з ) / hydrogen peroxide solution . Gention violet stains Soak the satin area in a bowl / mug with raw milk for several hours. Wash as usual.

36. Medicine stain Apply clear alcohol & wash well. Ink stain Wet the stain area with cold water. Sprinkle the salt & lemon juice / ammonia. Iron stain Rub stain with lemon juice & pour kerosene oil.

37. Grease / oil Soak the stained in a mug filled with kerosene oil, rub it. Wash with soap & water, then dry in the sun. Put a blotting paper over the cleaned area of stain & iron it. Paint and varnish Same as grease and oil. Turpentine also used to soak in addition to kerosene oil. Perspiration Put few drops of ammonia

38. Cleansing & disinfection Linen Blankets Mattress & pillows Dry cleaning

39. maintenance, cleaning, disinfection and sterilization Rubber goods The rubber goods are both natural and synthetic rubber are processed to turn into a usable product. Eg: Mackintosh, rubber tubes, hot water bottles, gloves, pillows, air and water mattress, aquathermic pads, rubber bulb used with asepto.

40. General principles for care of rubber articles Do not use hot water to clean, sunlight for drying or keep heat radiator. Can not use hydrocarbons for cleaning rubber articles. Do not fold rubber sheets. Do not stick pin on rubber goods. Store rubber goods in wooden cup boards. Do not use clamps for long periods. Time period for the use of a hot water bottle, water flow pads, ice collars not more than 15-20 minutes.

41. Care of rubber articles after use Mackintosh De contaminate by immersing in a tub of 0.5% chlorine/ sodium hypochloride / chlorhexidine solution. Spread the mackintosh on a flat surface and wet it pouring water on it. Use a piece of clean cloth or a plastic scrubber to apply soap. Dry it in shade.

42. Rubber tubes Hold the tube upside down under running water to let the stream of water run through it. Use swab stick to remove any organic matter blocking the tip of tube. Use soap and water to clean the dirt and grease on the surface of the tube. Hang the tubes to dry in cool/ shaded place. Powder outer surface using dusting powder. Wrap individual tube using a piece of thin cloth and boil for 5 minutes or autoclave it.

43. Hot water bottle, Ice caps, Air cushions Remove outer cloth cover of each item after use. Empty the contents. Deflate the air cushion. Clean and wipe thoroughly. Hang them upside down for drip drying. Check the rubber item for leakage of air or water. Store in cool dry place.

44. Glass ware Glass ware is defined as containers or objects made from glass. Care of glass wares: Disinfect the items by immersing in 0.5% chlorine/sodium hypochlorite for 5 minutes. Clean glass wares using mild liquid soap. Rinse the glass items under cold running water. Dry, separate and wrap the item & send for autoclaving.

45. instruments Always immerse the used instruments in 0.5% of chlorine solution for 5minutes before washing. Wash instruments in cold running water. Separate sharp instruments. Put a hard rubber cap on fine tip instrument. Let them dry, then wrap and pack.

46. Enamel items Enamel refers to a glassy, vitreous and usually opaque substance that is used in protective or decorative coating on metal, glass or ceramic ware. Eg: Trays, Kidney trays, Basins, Bowl, Funnel, Jars, Pint measures, Urinals, Bed pans, Enema cans, Buckets, Bath tubs, Dishes etc.

47. Stainless steel items Stainless steel is an alloy of steel with chromium& sometimes another element (such as nickel or molybdenum) that is practically immune to rusting and ordinary corrosion. Eg: Forceps, Scopes, Sharp instruments etc. Nickel plated items It include wires used in biochemistry and pathology laboratories and guide wires used in radio diagnostic procedures. These items can be sterilized by flaming.

48. Plastic & poly vinyl chloride items Many of these items are disposable and should be discarded in the appropriate container. Plastic and PVC items are heat sensitive and there fore should be boiled, repeatedly heated or kept near radiators.

49. Ceramic items A ceramic is a material that is neither metallic nor organic. It may be crystalline, glassy or both crystalline and glassy. They are typically hard and chemically non reactive and can be formed or densified with heat. Eg: Nelsons inhaler, Mortar and pestle, Bowl, Plate etc.

50. Fiber optic with camera items Fiber optics is thin transparent fibers of glass / plastic that are enclosed by material of a lower refractive index and that transmits light through out their length by internal reflections; also: a bundle of such fibers used in an instrument (as for viewing body cavities).

51. Items used electric current Suction machine Suction machine (aspirators) create vacuum which draws out mucus and gases from a patients airway or body cavity during surgery. Wear clean gloves. Add sodium hypochlorite solution to container. Care of suction tubes. Care of jar. Use oil or grease for wheels.

52. Refrigerator Frost forming refrigerators No frost forming refrigerators Care of refrigerators Defrost and empty contents every week. Let the frost melt. Clean with mild soap solution inside and outside. Do not open the refrigerator door frequently and un necessarily. Keep refrigerators at a cool, dry place away from the walls.

53. Cleaning and disinfection of furniture Wipe the dust on furniture using a piece of dry, clean, soft cloth daily. Disinfect iron, steel, plastic furniture and incubators using disinfectant every day. Do not overload the shelves or cupboards. Teach ward staff how to handle furniture properly.

54. sterilization It’s the process by which both the pathogenic and non pathogenic micro organisms including their spores are destroyed from objects. These are various methods used for sterilization Direct sunlight Boiling Chemical disinfection (fumigation &gas sterilization) Radiation and UV ray Hot air Autoclaving Flaming