UNIT-VII vocational rehabilitation.pptx

the term vocational rehabilitation means that part of the continuous and co-ordinated process of rehabilitation which involves the provision of those vocational services, e. g. vocational guidance, vocational training and selective placement, designed to enable a disabled person to secure and retain suitable ...

1. UNIT-VII REHABILITATION VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION Dr. Anjalatchi M.sc(N) MBA (HA) MD AM PHD(N)

2. Content of the chapter Introduction Definition Purpose Concept List of disability paradigm Phases of vocational Process Vocational evaluation Issue of VR Consumer production Legal framework of VR Government scheme

3. INTRODUCTION Vocational rehabilitation can require input from a range of health care professionals and other non-medical disciplines such as disability employment advisers and career counsellors . Whilst, traditionally, the focus of vocational rehabilitation was job retention, an increased focus on an all-encompassing approach has become popular in contemporary approaches. [1]  Approaches differ between countries, however, due to the differing amounts of financial and political support vocational rehabilitation receives

4. Definition VR Vocational rehabilitation , also abbreviated  VR  or  voc rehab , is a process which enables persons with functional, psychological, developmental, cognitive, and emotional disabilities, impairments or health disabilities to overcome barriers to accessing, maintaining, or returning to employment or other useful occupation

5. Primary purposeVR To help PwD – To Prepare for employement To Obtain gainful employment

6. Concept of Vocational Rehabilitation The Concept of Vocational training & rehabilitation itself has come in just about 40 – 45 years ago in India. Even among the Developed Nations the concept dates back to the end of Second World War (1945) Focus has always been on medical or surgical intervention and education While teaching and learning are disability oriented, do not forget that the jobs are not created for the disabled, nor are they designed to suit the disabled

7. List of disability Wide range of disability are catered to by rehabilitation counsellors spinal cord injury SCI Stroke Arthritis MS TBI Amputations Chronic pain Developmental and learning disabilities Psychiatric disorders

8. Paradigm VC

9. Phases of Rehabilitation

10. Benefits of Vocational Benefits of Vocational Rehabilitation Services? Improved corporate image. Improved productivity. Reduced absenteeism. Reduced insurance premiums. Reduced litigation costs. Reduced sick pay costs.

11. example of a vocational rehabilitation service job counseling , guidance, and referral services. physical and mental rehabilitation. vocational (job) and other training. on-the-job training.

12. Vocational evaluation and Vocational assessment • Often used interchangeably • Vocational assessment is a general term that includes many different forms of evaluation • Vocational evaluation is defined as a comprehensive assessment that utilizes a variety of tools, including paper-and-pencil tests, structured interviews, and real or simulated work • With its focus on work-related abilities, a vocational evaluation may use work samples, situational assessments, and on-the-job evaluations

13. Employment Readiness • Medical stability - important concern • Stamina and endurance (i.e., to determine part-time vs. full-time) • Psychosocial factors such as the individual's support systems • Availability of adequate attendant care • Transportation is another critical element in job success, as public transportation can be inaccessible and is often unreliable • Psychological readiness to go to work - This includes motivation, self-confidence, interpersonal flexibility, coping resources, and realistic expectations about work • People have needs beyond the financial, such as satisfying interpersonal contact, achieving a sense of belonging, being productive, and enjoying creative expression, all of which can greatly contribute to motivation for work

14. Job selection

15. Job Placement Strategies • Once the individual is ready to seek employment - must develop or refine the employment skills • Individual with virtually no work history will require far more extensive job-seeking-skills training, (following up on job leads, resume writing, application completion, and interviewing skills) • Primary role of the VR counselor - assist in developing these skills using tools as coaching, role playing, or video taping • In addition he or she must also know how to respond to questions about disability on an application or in an interview • Knowledge of legal protections is critical

16. job Analysis • Job analysis critical to the ultimate success of job placement efforts • By analyzing a particular job in a certain environment, suitable accommodation recommendations can be made • Must be analyzed for factors in the • Work environment - parking at the worksite, restrooms, canteens, and building accessibility • Job tasks - lifting, grasping, standing, walking, sitting, talking, hearing, writing, and reading • Productivity - For people with cognitive or affective limitations, other critical factors might include the work atmosphere (e.g., busy or relaxed) and cognitive demands (e.g., memory, reasoning, problem solving)

17. Job Accommodations • Requesting a job accommodation is another skill • Although the individual is expected to know what accommodations are required, the VR counselor can often act as a consultant to the employer and can help to negotiate these • Some accommodations like rearrangement of equipment. For example, for individuals using wheelchairs, a height-adjustable desk, a voice-activated speakerphone, or moving office supplies to accessible drawers • Other examples - job restructuring, flexible schedules, large print, allowing use of personal care attendants or service animals, and large-button phones

18. Job Follow-up Services • Follow-up services for both consumer and employer • Ensure a successful outcome • Accommodations may require further adjustments after the individual actually begins the job • It is important that an employee who cannot function successfully be removed from the job, as the primary goal of VR is a successful outcome for both the individual and the employer

19. Vocational evaluation

20. Range of evaluation

21. Issue in vocational training

22. Vocational counselling

23. Preparation for VR

24. Open employment

25. Supported employment

26. THE CONSUMER MOVEMENT IN REHABILITATION • Gradually emergence of the consumer is occurring in contrast to patients or clients • Emphasis on self-help and self-direction • Pioneered by Ed Roberts and other individuals with severe disabilities during the early 1970s, the philosophy of IL asserted that individuals with severe disabilities were capable of managing and directing their own lives • Services and supports that PwD need are best delivered by individuals who themselves have disabilities and whose knowledge about both disability and services is derived from firsthand experience

27. Consumer-Related Services and Centers for Independent Living • The specific features of individual IL programs are determined by • Individual needs of the consumers served • Availability of existing community resources • Physical and social make-up of the community • Goals of the program itself   Independent living IL program can be defined” as a community-based program with substantial consumer involvement that provides direct or indirect services (through referral) for people with severe disabilities. These services are intended to • increase self-determination • promote independence

28. IL SERVICES • The IL process of assisting individuals to adapt themselves and their environment to the reality of disability is often more fluid and multi-focused than is the VR process (which focuses its attention on employment) • The IL process begins when an individual with a disability realizes that an obstacle exists because of a limitation, preventing realization of a desired goal

29. IL SERVICES • Examples- • For an individual with a developmental disability who may have lived all his life in an institution and now wants to live independently • IL assessment includes personal hygiene, medication management, problem-solving and decision-making skills, social skills, housekeeping, shopping, meal preparation, money management, telephone skills, and emergency procedures • In contrast, for a middle-aged individual returning home after a SCI • Initial assessment focuses on the ability to perform ADLs, the need for social services, emotional concerns, the impact of disability on personal relationships, and the needs for home modification and personal assistance • In either case, the goal of the IL assessment is to identify the individual's goal and provide the IL counselor with the information necessary to assist that individual in developing a plan to achieve his or her goal

30. Services typically provided include • Housing • Attendant care • Reading or interpreting • Information about other necessary goods and services • Transportation • Peer counselling • Advocacy or political action • Training in IL skills • Equipment maintenance and repair • Social and recreational services VR programs may provide these services, but on a limited basis as a secondary or supplementary means of achieving the primary vocational objective.

31. Independent living centres (ILCs) are • Consumer-controlled • Community-based • Cross-disability • Nonresidential, private nonprofit agencies

32. Future India foundation

33. Differnces between VR and IL

34. Livelihood Opportunities for PWD

35. Aspect of services

36. Legislation related to rehabilitation

37. Government scheme

38. Functioning of Social Security A closer analysis at available social security schemes for the PwDs questions the rudimentary objectives and purpose • Example, the eligibility criteria set by Government of Rajasthan for the pension scheme is that a PwD who is unable to earn and any of his/her family members aged 20 years and above are also incapable of earning can avail of the government pension of 700/- per month • If such a criterion is fixed, it automatically excludes almost all PwDs from pension benefits • Similarly, the unemployment allowance (UA) being given by various State governments does not follow a uniform standard and are more often fixed without any substantive rationale. • Only 3 states namely Bihar, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh provide for an UA • Schemes and allowance amounts vary from Rs 50 to Rs 500, which can be higher or lower than disability pension amounts depending on the State/UT. • Many PwDs expected grants instead of loans. It is important to raise awareness on loans and break the ‘dependency syndrome’ when this exists

39. Summary Till now we discussed about vocation rehabilitation and its importance in rehabilitation services. Its includes meaning, objectives, process, schemes etc

40. conclusion Although most people with disabilities are able to maintain the capacity to make decisions concerning their needs and life-styles, they may need time to be educated and empowered about new roles and options in learning to cope with disability. Now a days government take more initiation toward the disability people welfare facilities

41. References K.Park Text Book Of Preventive And Social Medicine , Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi Page No. 55,355 Kumari Neelam , Community health nursing, 1st edition, P.V. books publication,Jalandhar city India,2011.pg no- Basavanthapa BT, Community health nursing, Jaypee brother,Ansari Road Daryagenz,New Delhi, 1st edition,2006. pg no- Swarekar Keshav,Community health nursing.N.R.Brother.M.Y . Hospital Road Indore.1st edition,2004.pg no-328-334

42. Source:  Ali Yavar Jung National Institute for the Hearing Handicapped Source:   A Handbook for Parents of Children with Disabilities