Unpacking the Self (Understanding The Self)).pptx

Unpacking the Self

1. Unpacking the Self Understanding the Self

2. 2 Beauty Throwback Ancient Egypt - slender, with narrow shoulders, High waist and symmetrical face. Dark black hair, and golden or “bright” skin. Ancient Greece - Light skinned, plump, full body & unibrow. Long hair was considered beautiful, as only upper-class women were allowed to grow their hair long. Medieval Japan – Long hair was prized. Pale skin, round and rosy cheeks, and little bow lips

3. 3 Beauty Throwback The Renaissance period – full body, light hair and light skin. A full figure with a rounded stomach was considered beautiful and linked to motherhood France (18 th century) – an oval face was prized, slight double chin & dimpled rosy cheeks. Long hair & curly Victorian era – wearing corset to give the desirable hourglass figure.

4. 4 Beauty as Perceived by The world

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6. The Physical Self Refers to the physical body that includes basic parts such as head, neck, arms, and legs. Made up of other organs such as the brain, heart, lungs, stomach, intestines, and muscles. 6

7. 7 Physical development and growth during childhood continues at a slow rate compared with rapid rate of growth in babyhood.

8. 8 Guess the movie!!!

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10. 10 Life Span – development from conception to death

11. 11 One of the most crucial stage of development is the adolescence stage. Begins with the onset of puberty. Rapid physical changes that include the maturation of the reproductive system.

12. 12 Adolescence - is a transitional stage of  physical  and  psychological   development  that generally occurs during the period from  puberty  to  adulthood  (typically corresponding to the  age of majority ). Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later. Puberty now typically begins during  preadolescence , particularly in females. Physical growth (particularly in males) and cognitive development can extend past the teens. This stage is also characterized by rapidly physical changes that includes the maturation of the reproductive system. Puberty  is the process of physical changes through which a  child 's  body  matures into an  adult  body capable of  sexual reproduction . It is initiated by  hormonal  signals from the  brain  to the  gonads : the  ovaries  in a girl, the  testes  in a boy. 

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14. 14 FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Heredity - biological process of transmission of traits from parents. Chromosome – threadlike tissues that carry the genes. Genes ( the union of the two cells: Egg and Sperm)

15. Chromosome 15 Thread like tissues that carries the genes, and are usually found in pairs.

16. Chromosome 16 2 Types Autosomes or trait chromosomes ex: Eye color Gonosomes or sex chromosome (the X and Y)

17. 17 Gene basic carriers of hereditary traits 2 Classifications Dominant (strong genes) Recessive (weak genes) Recessive vs. Dominant Recessive - the trait not expressed when the dominant form of the trait is present. Dominant – The expressed form of the trait when present (even if it is just one allele).

18. 18 FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Environment - factors to which the individual is exposed after conception to death which includes learning and experience. Diet, nutrition, and diseases play an important role in physical development.

19. Refers to how individuals perceive, think , and feel about their body and physical appearance. 19 BODY IMAGE

20. Everything about a person that others can observe such as height, weight, skin color, clothes and hairstyle. 20 APPEARANCE

21. A person’s overall evaluation of his/her own worth. 21 SELF-ESTEEM

22. 22 Cause of Poor Body Image - Emphasis on thin ideal body - Bullying and peer pressure - Media

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24. Effects of Poor Body Image - Body dissatisfaction - Low self-esteem 24

25. Adolescence Maturation of the reproductive system - Development of different sex characteristics 25 25

26. 26 26 HORMONES natural substance produce by the body Influences the way the body grows or develops Maturation of the reproductive system Types of Hormones Testosterone Estrogen Progesterone The level of testosterone production is fairly constant In women, the ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone as well as small amount of testosterone Estrogen promotes female reproductive capacity and secondary sex characteristics (ex: development of breast fir women; beard for men)

27. 27 27 The production of female sex hormones follows a cylical pattern, on an approximately 28 day monthly cycle. The greatest production occurs during ovulation period, when an egg is released from the ovaries. The ovaries produce, store and release egg cells during ovulation Ovulation period can occur 14 days after the beginning of the menstrual period

28. 28 28 Erogenous Zone - Parts of the body that are primarily receptive and increase sexual arousal. Some of the commonly known erogenous zones are the mouth, breasts, genitals, and anus.

29. 29 29 ) Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) Are infections transmitted from an infected person to an uninfected person through sexual contact. One of the leading STDs worldwide is AIDS, caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). The virus attacks the immune system making the individual more prone to infections and other diseases. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) Chlamydia Syphilis Chancroid Human Papillomavirus Herpes Simplex Virus Trichomonas Vaginalis

30. 30 30 ) Natural and Artificial Methods of Contraception 1. Natural Method Abstinence Calendar Method (Rhythm Method) – according to the menstrual cycle, the woman is likely to conceive 3-4 days before and 3-4 days after ovulation. 2. Basal Body Temperature 3. Cervical Mucus Method 4. Symptothermal Method 5. Ovulation Detection

31. 31 31 Natural and Artificial Methods of Contraception 6. Oral contraceptives 7. Transdermal patch 8. Vaginal Ring 9. Subdermal Implants 10. Hormonal Injections 11. Intrauterine Device (IUD) 12. Surgical Methods

32. 32 32 Natural and Artificial Methods of Contraception 6. Oral contraceptives 7. Transdermal patch 8. Vaginal Ring 9. Subdermal Implants 10. Hormonal Injections 11. Intrauterine Device (IUD) 12. Surgical Methods (Vasectomy, Tubal Ligation)

33. 33 33 DIFFERENT TYPES OF GENDER IDENTITY

34. 34 34 Sex - A person’s sex is typically based on certain biological factors, such as their reproductive organs, genes, and hormones Gender - A person’s gender is how they identify internally and how they express this externally. People may use clothing, appearances, and behaviors to express the gender that they identify with Gender identity -  is the personal sense of one's own  gender . Gender identity can correlate with a person's  assigned sex  or can differ from it.

35. 35 35 Cisgender - a person who identifies with the sex they were assigned at birth. Pansexual - people who are capable of being attracted to multiple sexes or gender identities. Transgender - an umbrella term used to describe people whose true gender identity does not “match” the sex or gender they were assigned at birth. Bisexual – someone who is attracted to both men and women, or to more than one gender identity. Asexual – an individual who generally does not experience sexual attraction or desire sex. Intersex – describes a condition in which a person is born with a sex that doesn’t fit the typical definitions of female or male due to genetic, hormonal or anatomical differences.

36. 36 36 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - is a problem with hormones that happens during the reproductive years. Women with PCOS may not have periods very often or may last many days. With PCOS, may small sacs of fluid develop along the outer edge of the ovary called cysts.

37. 37 37 Common signs and symptoms of PCOS include the following: Menstrual disorders : PCOS mostly produces  oligomenorrhea  (fewer than nine menstrual periods in a year) or  amenorrhea  (no menstrual periods for three or more consecutive months), but other types of menstrual disorders may also occur. Infertility : This generally results directly from chronic  anovulation  (lack of ovulation). High levels of masculinizing hormones : Known as hyperandrogenism, the most common signs are  acne  and  hirsutism  (male pattern of hair growth, such as on the chin or chest), but it may produce  hypermenorrhea  (heavy and prolonged menstrual periods),  androgenic alopecia  (increased hair thinning or diffuse hair loss), or other symptoms. Metabolic syndrome : This appears as a tendency towards  central obesity  and other symptoms associated with  insulin resistance , including low energy levels and food cravings. Serum  insulin , insulin resistance, and  homocysteine  levels are higher in women with PCOS. Polycystic Ovaries:  Ovaries  might get enlarged and comprise follicles surrounding the eggs. As result, ovaries might fail to function regularly.