Uplc

This presentation covers an introduction to UPLC, its general chemistry, and laws behind it. It also discusses the instrumentation of UPLC, advantages, disadvantages, and application of UPLC.

1. Ultra Pressure Liquid Chromatography Presented by – Sushant balasaheb Jadhav Roll no. – 18pbt206 Pharmaceutical biotechnology Institute of chemical technology, mumbai

2. introduction UPLC refers to ultra performance liquid chromatography W hich enhance mainly in three areas: “ speed, resolution and sensitivity The principles of UPLC are same principle as HPLC T he basic difference is in designer of the column material particle size which less than 2-μm . 2

3. introduction The separation and quantification in UPLC is done under very high pressure (up to 100M Pa ) Under high pressure it is observed that not any negative influence on analytical column Time and solvent consumption is less in UPLC 3

4. Van Deemeter equation H=A+B/v + Cv The above equation is an empirical formula that describes the relationship between linear velocity (flow rate) and plate height (HETP, or column efficiency ) Where A, B and C are constants and v is the linear velocity, the carrier gas flow rate A= Eddy mixing, B =Axial diffusion, C=Solute’s mass transfer 4

5. Comparison 5 Characteristics HPLC UPLC Particle Size 3 to 5 µm Less than 2 µm Maximum Back Pressure 30-40 MPa 103.5 Mpa Analytical column Alltima C18 Acquity UPLC BEH C18 Column Dimensions 150*3.2 mm 150*2.1 mm Column Temperature 30°C 65°C Injection Volume 5 mL (Std. In 100% MeOH ) 2 mL (Std. In 100% MeOH )

6. Small Particle Chemistry There are many advantages in HPLC like robustness, ease of use, good selectivity and adjustable sensitivity I ts main limitation is the lack of efficiency compared to gas chromatography or the capillary electrophoresis due to low diffusion coefficients in liquid phase , involving slow diffusion of analytes in the stationary phase 6

7. Small Particle Chemistry In UPLC main advantage is better efficiency with speedy analysis and this achieved by only smaller particle size The Van Deemter equation shows that efficiency increases with the use of smaller size particles but this leads to a rapid increase in back pressure , while most of the HPLC system can operate only up to 400 bars That is why short columns filled with particles of about 2μm are used with these systems 7

8. Small Particle Chemistry 8 van Demeter plot, illustrating the evolution of particle sizes over the last three decades.

9. To improve the UPLC efficiency By employing high temperature which reduce the viscosity of mobile phase and ultimately flow rate if high. Significantly back pressure is reduced. The unique feature of UPLC analysis is interconnected skeletons and interconnected flow paths (through-pores) which are found in monolithic columns make UPLC technique different from HPLC. 9

10. To improve the UPLC efficiency By two parameter UPLC analysis improves in three areas . 10

11. Instrumentation 11

12. Instrumentation A. Sample Injection B. UPLC Columns C. Detectors 12

13. A. Sample Injection In UPLC, sample introduction is critical . Conventional injection valves, either automated or manual , are not designed and hardened to work at extreme pressure. To protect the column from extreme pressure fluctuations, the injection process must be relatively pulse-free and the swept volume of the device also needs to be minimal to reduce potential band spreading . A fast injection cycle time is needed to fully capitalize on the speed afforded by UPLC, which in turn requires a high sample capacity. Low volume injections with minimal carryover are also required to increase sensitivity. There are also direct injection approaches for biological samples. 13

14. b. UPLC Columns Resolution is increased in a 1.7μm particle packed column because efficiency is better. Separation of the components of a sample requires a bonded phase that provides both retention and selectivity. Four bonded phases are available for UPLC separations: ( i ) ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C8 (straight chain alkyl columns), (ii) ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18 (straight chain alkyl columns), (iii) ACQUITY UPLC BEH Shield RP18 (embedded polar group column) and (iv) ACQUITY UPLC BEH Phenyl (phenyl group tethered to the silyl functionality with a C6 alkyl) 14

15. b. UPLC Columns 15 ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 COLUMN CHEMISTRIES

16. C. Detectors The detectors are use in UPLC analysis is UV/Visible detector . Detection of analytes is conventionally based on absorbance that is concentration sensitivity detectors . Other Detectors Fluorescent Detector Refractive Index Detector Light Scattering Detector Electrochemical Detector Mass Spectrometer Detector 16

17. Advantages of UPLC Require less run time and enhance sensitivity . Provides the selectivity, sensitivity, and dynamic range of LC analysis. In chromatogram resolved peaks are obtained. Multi residue methods are applied. Speedy analysis , quantify accurately analytes and related products. Uses of fine particle (2μm) for packing of stationary phase make analysis fast. 17

18. Advantages of UPLC Time and cost both are reduced. Consumption of solvents is less. More products are analyzed with existing resources. Increases sample throughput and enables manufacturers to produce more material that consistently meet or exceeds the product specifications, potentially eliminating variability, failed batches, or the need to re-work material. Delivers real-time analysis in step with manufacturing processes. Assures end-product quality , including final release testing. 18

19. Disadvantages of UPLC In UPLC analysis the main disadvantage occurs are life of columns , during analysis high pressure developed because the particle size. Increase pressure reduces the life of the columns. Due to increased pressure requires more maintenance and reduces the life of the columns of these types. Using stationary phase of particle size 2μm perform better analysis without the adverse effects of high pressure. 19

20. Application In pharmaceutical industry I n bio-analytical field. P harmacokinetic studies like – adsorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion ( ADME ) T he drug development and formulation process , profiling, detecting and quantifying drug substances and their impurities can be performed very accurately 20

21. Application UPLC Analysis can be done like : 1. Amino acid analysis. 2. Analysis of natural medicine and herbal medicine . 3. Analysis of drugs in human plasma (e.g. Levofloxacin and metabolites). 4. Study of metabonomics . 21

22. References Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) - A Review - Taleuzzaman M*, Ali S, Gilani SJ, Imam SS and Hafeez A http:// www.waters.com/waters/en_IN/UPLC https:// benthamopen.com/FULLTEXT/CHEM-3-1 https:// www.pharmatutor.org/articles/new-chromatographic-technique-uplc-ultra-performance-liquid-chromatography http:// wvmc.waters.com/plus 22

23. 23 THANK YOU