Urolithiasis

Urolithiasis-ICD-10-CM GUIDELINES BY BHARATH KUMAR MEDESUN STUDENT

1. UROLITHIASIS

2. INTRODUCTION Kidney stone disease , also known as  urolithiasis , is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) occurs in the urinary tract . Kidney stones typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream. 

3. A small stone may pass without causing symptoms . If a stone grows to more than 5 millimeters (0.2 in) it can cause blockage of the ureter resulting in severe pain in the lower back or abdomen

4. A stone may also result in blood in the urine, vomiting, or painful urination.About half of people will have another stone within ten years Most stones form due to a combination of genetics and environmental factors.Risk factors include high urine calcium levels, obesity, certain foods, some medications, calcium supplements, hyperparathyroidism, gout and not drinking enough fluids.

5. TYPES Stones are typically classified by their location : nephrolithiasis (in the kidney) ureterolithiasis (in the  ureter) cystolithiasis  (in the bladder ) or by what they are made of (calcium, uric acid,  struvite ,  cystine ).

6. DIAGNOSIS Urine testing Medical imaging Blood tests

7. RISK FACTORS Dehydration Obesity High dietary intake of animal  protein D istal renal tubular acidosis hyperparathyroidism

8.  Upper urinary tract stones that involve the renal pelvis and extend into at least 2 calyces are classified as   staghorn calculi Staghorn calculi , also sometimes called coral calculi

9. Renal colic  typically begins in the flank and often radiates to the  hypochondrium  (the part of the anterior abdominal wall below the costal margins) or the groin. It is typically colicky (comes in waves) due to ureteric peristalsis, but may be constant. It is often described as one of the strongest pain sensations known .

10. ICD-10-CM GUIDELINES Calculus of kidney and ureter-N20  Calculus of lower urinary tract- N21    Calculus of urinary tract in diseases classified elsewhere- N22  Unspecified renal colic- N23  https://www.medesunglobal.com

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