USES OF ALCOHOL.pptx

USES OF ALCOHOL

1. USES OF ALCOHOL GRADE 9 SCIENCE Prepared by KAREN N. QUEZON

2. OBJECTIVES AT THE END OF THE LESSON, THE LEARNERS SHOULD BE ABLE TO: IDENTIFY THE SIMILARITIES IN THE STRUCTURE OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF ALCOHOL; GIVE THE DIFFERENT USES OF ALCOHOL; AND GIVE THE IMPORTANCE OF ALCOHOL.

3. WHAT IS ALCOHOL Alcohols are those organic compounds. The presence of one, two or more hydroxyl groups (-OH) are the main characteristic of these compound. The carbon atom in an alkyl group or hydrocarbon chain that is attached to it. Alcohol also comes in diverse structures and forms.

4. Main types of alcohol Alcohol classification is based upon the presence of the hydroxyl group. So the location of this hydroxyl group as well will change the physical and chemical properties of any alcohol. The classification is according to the carbon atom of an alkyl group attached to hydroxyl group. Most of the alcohols are colorless liquids and even behave as solid at room temperatures.

5. Main types of alcohol IT IS HIGHLY SOLUBLE IN WATER, AND WITH THEIR INCREASE IN MOLECULAR WEIGHT. THEY TEND TO BECOME LESS SOLUBLE AND THEIR VAPOUR PRESSURES, BOILING POINTS, DENSITIES, AND THE VISCOSITIES TO ACCELERATE. THERE ARE THREE MAIN TYPES OF ALCOHOL: METHYL, ISOPROPYL, AND ETHYL WHICH ARE ALSO KNOWN AS PRIMARY, SECONDARY AND TERTIARY ALCOHOLS RESPECTIVELY.

6. THREE MAIN TYPES OF ALCOHOL PRIMARY ALCOHOLS (METHYL ALCOHOL) PRIMARY ALCOHOLS ARE HAVING THE CARBON ATOM OF THE HYDROXYL GROUP (OH) ATTACHED TO ONLY ONE SINGLE ALKYL GROUP. SOME OF THE EXAMPLES OF THESE PRIMARY ALCOHOLS CONTAIN METHANOL (PROPANOL, ETHANOL, ETC). METHYL ALCOHOL, ALSO KNOWN AS METHANOL AND WOOD ALCOHOL, MAINLY FINDS USE AS AN INDUSTRIAL SOLVENT chemical formula of methyl alcohol: ch3oh

7. THREE MAIN TYPES OF ALCOHOL Secondary alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) secondary alcohol are having the carbon atom of the hydroxyl group that has two alkyl groups on either side. The two alkyl group exist may be either structurally identical or even different. Isopropyl alcohol also popular as isopropanol or 2-propanol or rubbing alcohol. It is more usually useful among physicians, who rub the poisonous material onto surface, tools, and human bodies. e ven it is found in everyday cleaning products. Isopropyl alcohol is the main constituent of in cosmetics, including lotions. THE CHEMICAL FORMULA OF ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL: C3H80

8. THREE MAIN TYPES OF ALCOHOL TERTIARY ALCOHOL (ETHYL ALCOHOL) TERTIARY ALCOHOL ARE HAVING THE HYDROXYL GROUP ATTACHED TO THE CARBON ATOM. IT IS PART OF 3-ALKYL GROUPS. THE PHYSICAL FEATURE OF THESE ALCOHOLS PRIMARILY DEPENDS ON THEIR STRUCTURE. THE EXISTENCE OF THIS –OH GROUP PERMITS THE ALCOHOLS IN THE FORMATION OF HYDROGEN LINKS WITH THEIR NEIGBOURING ATOMS. THE BONDS MADE ARE WEAK, AND THIS BOND CREATES THE BOILING POINTS OF ALCOHOLS HIGHER THAN ITS ALKANES.

9. TERTIARY ALCOHOL (ETHYL ALCOHOL ) PEOPLE GENERALLY ADULTS CONSUME ETHYL ALCOHOL. PEOPLE COMMONLY IMBIBE ETHYL ALCOHOL IN A DILUTED CONCENTRATION. ETHYL ALCOHOL IS FAMOUS FOR ITS ABILITY TO CHANGE MOOD AND BEHAVIOUR. BREWERS AND DISTILLERS GENERALLY MAKE IT FROM GRAINS OR OTHER PIECES OF PLANT MATTER. THE LIVER GENERALLY IS ABLE TO FILTER ETHYL ALCOHOL FROM THE HUMAN BODY. HOWEVER, ETHYL ALCOHOL ALSO HAS A USE AS AN INDUSTRIAL SOLVENT ABD AS A FUEL ADDITIVE. THE CHEMICAL FORMULA OF ETHYL ALCOHOL: C2H5OH.

10. DIRECTION: GIVE THE STRUCTURES OF DIFFERENT KIND OF ALCOHOL

11. QUESTIONS WHAT DISEASES CAN ALCOHOL CAUSE? WHAT ARE THE IMPORTANCE OF ALCOHOLS?