Uttar pradesh ppt

Uttar Pradesh state ppt - environmental science management

1. UTTAR PRADESH Land of Amazing Heritage

2. OVERVIEW The fourth largest state in India and fourth largest state by economy in India. The most commonly spoken language of the state is Hindi. English and Urdu are the other languages used. Noida, Ghaziabad, Allahabad, Kanpur, Meerut and Saharanpur are some of the key cities in the state. The state has three major seasons, viz., Hot weather (March-June), Rainy season (July-September) Cold weather (October-February).

3. “Uttar Pradesh shares its border with Nepal in the North and the Indian states of Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh in the Northwest, Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan in the West, Madhya Pradesh in the South, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand in the Southeast and Bihar in the East.”

4. FACTS ABOUT UP

5. Chief Minister: Yogi Aditya Nath Governor: Ram Naik Forest area accounts 16583 kms which is 6.88% of state’s geographical Agriculture: Wheat is the state's principal food crop and sugarcane is the main commercial crop particularly in Western Uttar Pradesh Irrigation: Ground water resources accounts for about 78% of irrigated area and surface water resources for about 22%. UP has emerged as a key hub for IT and ITeS industries, including software, captive Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) and electronics.

6. As per 2005 inventory, Uttar Pradesh is the highest emitting state of India emits and contributes nearly 14% of national greenhouse gases (GHG). Fossil fuel consumption, power generation and agricultural activities are the major factors responsible for this. Sonbhadra, Rae Bareli and Gautam Buddha Nagar are the three highest emitting districts during 2005, contributing to 27%, 5% and 4% GHG emissions of the state respectively. “ EMISSION IN UP”

7. “STRONG HORTICULTURE BASE” Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of food grains in India and accounted for about 17.83% share in the country’s total food grain output in 2016-17. Food grain production in the state in 2016-17 stood at 49,144.6 thousand tonnes. Major food grains produced in the state include rice, wheat, maize, millet, gram, pea & lentils. With overall vegetable production of 26.40 million tonnes in 2016-17, the state of Uttar Pradesh was the largest producer of vegetables in India.

8. ISSUE SEVERITY STATUS CAUSES BROWN AGENDA Water quality High 1. 6.4 million DALYs valued at water contamination and poor sanitation 2. Fluoride levels exceed WHO prescribed limits in 11   districts 3. Nitrate levels exceed WHO prescribed limits in 8 districts 4. Iron levels exceed WHO prescribed limits in 11 districts 5. Fertilizer and pesticide use is increasing  6. 19 percent rural and 80 percent urban households have toilets Closed drains collect wastewater from 9.5 percent rural and 26.5 percent urban households. Natural sources Agricultural runoff Poor sewerage & sanitation facilities Inefficient management practices Indoor air pollution High 1. 2.6 million DALYs valued at Rs. 17. 1billion are lost due to traditional biofuel use 2. Chief Cook's exposure to RSPM is between 1.8 to 20.0 mg/m 3  During cooking period (3 hrs./day) 3. Exposure to CO is between 0.5 to 23.5 ppm during cooking period 4. Average exposure; to SO2 is 133.9 ig/m 3  during cooking period Use of traditional biofuels (fuelwood, dung cake, straw, crop residue etc.) Urban ambient air pollution High 1. 0.4 million DALYs valued at Rs 2.6 billion are lost due ;to urban air pollution 2. SPM levels in 8 cities are 2-3 times higher than the ambient air quality standards. 3. Industrial air emissions in highly polluted districts range between 0.007 to 1.48 kg/percapita/year Transport Large Industry Small scale industry Power generation Back-up power generators Natural sources ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN UTTAR PRADESH

9. Surface water pollution Medium 1. Water Quality Index at select locations is between 0 to 50 (poor to fair quality,-i.e. not ;fit for activities involving direct contact with water) 2. Total coliform bacteria in Ganga near Kanpur is more than 37 million MPN/100ml 3. BOD around 75 mg/liter at Hindon near Saharanpur Domestic sewage and poor sanitation Industrial effluents Agricultural runoff Municipal solid waste Medium 1. 20,820 tones per day (0.4 kh/capita/day)of solid waste generated in urban areas 2. A two fold increase is MSW is projected by 2016, and if not managed properly will have serious health and ecosystem impacts Households Commercial establishments Hazardous waste Medium 1. 145786 tons of hazardous waste generated by 1036 industries in 2003 2. Serious ecosystem consequences if safe disposal sites are not initiated Industries Biomedical waste Medium 1. 20.7 tons/day of biomedical waste generated by 1600 hospitals (250 gm/hospital bed/day) 2. Serious health and ecosystem consequences if safe disposal is not initiated Hospitals ISSUE SEVERITY STATUS CAUSES BROWN AGENDA

10. GREEN AGENDA Forests and biodiversity loss High 1. 8.8 percent geographical area under forest and tree cover  2. Rich plant ;diversity with 5352 species 3. Ten plant taxa belonging to eight genera and six families are endemic to UP 4. Gangetic River Dolphin - a highly endangered freshwater mammal is under threat  5. One National Park and 23 wildlife sanctuaries cover 34% of forest area  6. Pressure from 65.1 million livestock (270/sq.km) 7. 5000 to 10000 hectares of forest land diverted for development activities each year Population pressure Development activities Encroachments Poaching Fuel wood collection Land degradation High 1. 13.52 million hectares of land affected by degradation, including 1.15 million hectare saline/alkaline land, 0.81 million hectare water logged land 2. 11 districts with more than 9% land areas as degraded land Inefficient, excessive irrigation Industrialization Urbanization Loss of forest/tree cover, Poor land management BLUE AGENDA Water availability And Stress Medium 1. Abundant water resources, with spatial variations : 13,500 villages (12% of revenue villages)do not have reliable drinking water sources 2. 42,775 villages (38% of revenue villages)have limited access to drinking water sources 3. 53 percent of the 623 towns get 50 percent less water than the supply norm 4. Annual surface water availability is 162 billion cubic meters.  5. Annual replenishable groundwater availability; is 84 billion cubic meters About 50% groundwater currently exploited 22 over exploited blocks in western UP 56 semi critical blocks (28 in western UP) Over exploitation by agriculture Inefficient management practices Population growth.

11. “ Uttar Pradesh State Action Plan on Climate Change (UP - SAPCC) “ SAPCC formulation in Uttar Pradesh The state has formulated action plan for seven missions : Sustainable agriculture mission Solar Mission Energy Efficiency Mission Green UP Forestry Mission Jal Mission Strategic Knowledge Mission Sustainable Habitat Mission.

12. Kanpur air pollution Kanpur ranking on top of the pollution chart with a PM2.5 concentration of 173 micrograms per cubic meter, three other cities in Uttar Pradesh — Agra, Lucknow and Varanasi also made to the list of top polluted cities in the world.

13. Statistical data Of the 3.8 million deaths caused by household air pollution globally, the region accounts for 1.5 million or 40 per cent deaths and of the 4.2 million global deaths due to ambient air pollution,1.3 million or 30 per cent are reported from the reign

14. “Taj mahal victim to chronic pollution” One of the seven Wonders of the World, the Taj Mahal flanks a garbage-strewn river and is often enveloped by dust and smog from belching smokestacks and vehicles in the northern city of Agra.

15. “Ganges water pollution” The Ganges is considered to be the fifth-most polluted river in the world. Severely polluted with human waste & industrial contaminants, the river provides water to about 40% of India's population across 11 states serving an estimated population of 500 million people or more, more than any other river in the world.

16. Stakeholders of Environment Management - Uttar Pradesh

17. Ministry of Environment & Forest, Govt. of India Directorate of Environment, UP Pollution Control Board National Institute of Environment, Lucknow Centre for Environment Education NGOs like Paryavaran Mitra, Young Environmentalist Association, SEED amongst others Key Stakeholders

18. Key Environmental Issues in UP Depleting ground water table (https://www.livemint.com/Opinion/uQsMpu8OHFHBldzub4gazN/Uttar-Pradeshs-environmental-crisis.html) 34 of 75 districts are overexploited for groundwater on farm use, household use Excessive usage of harmful chemical pesticides contaminating water sources Relaxation of norms for felling trees in private land Poor Air Quality (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-at-bottom-of-2018-global-environment-performance-index/articleshow/64544578. cms) Very poor air quality recorded in Lucknow for 70 % of monitored days Severe levels of air pollution for 24% of monitored days Increased Environmental Crimes (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-at-bottom-of-2018-global-environment-performance-index/articleshow/64544578.cms) UP has most increase in Environmental crimes registered in National Green Tribunal (NGT)

19. Important Programs Namami Gange Program 200 Bn INR program for “integrated conservation” of the river Ganga Vision Document for Taj Mahal Protect & preserve the monument with policies for no plastic zones, sealing polluting factories on the Yamuna floodplain Bio Ethanol as a biofuel Uttar Pradesh is a big contributor owing to its sugar cane farming & milling

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