Vascular disorders in children Future Directions in Research and Treatment.pptx

Vascular disorders in children Future Directions in Research and Treatment

1. Vascular disorders in children: Future Directions in Research and Treatment BY Ahmed Hany Vascular surgery resident Al-Azhar university hospitals new Damietta

2. Introduction Definition : A diverse group of conditions affecting blood vessels in children including vascular malformations, vasculitis, and trauma-related injuries. Types : Congenital Vascular Malformations : Abnormal formations present at birth. Vascular Tumors : Abnormal growths of blood vessels, such as hemangiomas. Acquired Vascular Diseases : Conditions that develop over time, including thrombosis and vasculitis.

3. Introduction Scope of the problem: Often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed Require specialized, multidisciplinary management Lifelong impact on quality of life and physical development

4. Epidemiology and Clinical Impact of Pediatric Vascular Disorders Prevalence: Vascular malformations occur in about 1 in 5,000 to 10,000 children globally; vascular tumors like hemangiomas are more common in infancy. Risk Factors: Congenital genetic mutations (e.g., PIK3CA) Trauma or iatrogenic causes (e.g., catheter-related injuries) Inflammatory conditions (e.g., Kawasaki disease)

5. Epidemiology and Clinical Impact of Pediatric Vascular Disorders Long-Term Consequences: Limb ischemia and functional impairment Neurodevelopmental delays (in CNS-involved lesions) Psychosocial burden from visible malformations Healthcare Burden: High cost of diagnostics (MRI, angiography) and long-term management (multiple surgeries, rehabilitation)

6. Challenges in Diagnosing and Treating Pediatric Vascular Disorders Delayed or Misdiagnosis: Subtle early symptoms often mimic benign conditions, leading to late detection. Lack of Standardized Protocols: Most treatment guidelines are extrapolated from adult data; pediatric-specific protocols are limited.

7. Challenges in Diagnosing and Treating Pediatric Vascular Disorders Treatment Limitations: - Fixed drug dosages without pediatric pharmacokinetic data - Invasive surgeries with risk of growth-related complications - Limited long-term outcome data for new therapies Multidisciplinary Gaps: Requires coordination between pediatricians, vascular surgeons, radiologists, and geneticists—often lacking in non-specialized centers.

8. Genetic and Molecular Research

9. Current Treatment Options

10. Current Treatment Options Medical Management Observation : Many vascular disorders, such as infantile hemangiomas, may require no immediate treatment and can be monitored over time. Medications : Beta-blockers : Commonly used for treating hemangiomas; promote regression. Corticosteroids : Used to reduce inflammation in certain vascular conditions.

11. Current Treatment Options Surgical Interventions Indications : Recommended for significant vascular malformations or tumors causing complications. Techniques : Surgical Resection : Removal of the affected tissue. Endovascular Procedures : Minimally invasive techniques to address vascular issues.

12. Current Treatment Options Emerging Therapies Laser Therapy : Effective for superficial vascular lesions, reducing redness and size. Targeted Therapies : Ongoing research into treatments that target specific genetic mutations associated with vascular disorders.

13. Future o f P ediatric Vascular Surgery

14. Advancements in Technology 1. Minimally Invasive Techniques : Laparoscopic Surgery : Utilizing small incisions and specialized instruments, laparoscopic procedures reduce recovery time, minimize scarring, and lower the risk of complications. Robotic-Assisted Surgery : Enhanced precision and control during delicate procedures, allowing surgeons to perform complex interventions with improved visualization.

15. Advancements in Technology 2. AI and Machine Learning : Preoperative Planning : AI algorithms can analyze imaging data to assist in surgical planning, predicting potential complications, and optimizing surgical approaches. Intraoperative Assistance : Real-time data analysis during surgery can provide decision support, enhancing surgical precision and outcomes.

16. Advancements in Technology 3. 3D Printing Customized Surgical Models : Creating patient-specific anatomical models for preoperative planning, improving understanding of complex vascular structures. Tailored Implants : Development of bespoke implants that fit the unique anatomy of pediatric patients, reducing the risk of complications and improving outcomes.

17. Personalized Medicine 1. Genetic Profiling : Understanding Genetic Factors : Utilizing genetic testing to identify predispositions to vascular conditions, allowing for targeted interventions. Tailored Surgical Interventions : Customizing surgical approaches based on genetic insights, improving the likelihood of successful outcomes.

18. Personalized Medicine 2. Patient-Centric Approaches : Involvement of Families : Engaging families in the decision-making process to ensure that treatment plans align with the child’s and family’s values and preferences. Customized Treatment Plans : Developing individualized treatment strategies that consider the patient's specific condition, age, and overall health.

19. Personalized Medicine 3. Outcomes Tracking : Continuous Monitoring : Implementing systems to track patient outcomes post-surgery, enabling data collection to refine treatment protocols. Feedback Loops : Using outcome data to inform future surgical practices and improve personalized treatment strategie

20. Collaborative Care Models 1. Multidisciplinary Teams : Integration of Specialists : Collaboration among surgeons, pediatricians, nurses, anesthesiologists, and other specialists to provide comprehensive care tailored to each child’s needs. Case Discussions : Regular meetings to discuss complex cases, ensuring that all perspectives are considered in treatment planning.

21. Collaborative Care Models 2. Telemedicine : Expanding Access to Care : Utilizing telehealth platforms to provide consultations and follow-up care, especially for patients in remote areas. Remote Monitoring : Implementing remote monitoring technologies to track patient progress and address any concerns promptly.

22. Collaborative Care Models 3. Education and Training : Ongoing Professional Development : Continuous education for healthcare providers on the latest advancements in pediatric vascular surgery and collaborative practices. Interdisciplinary Training Programs : Developing training programs that foster teamwork among various healthcare professionals, improving communication and patient outcomes.

23. Thank you