Verb analysis

Verb analysis

1. VERB ANALYSIS
We start the verb analysis going on and on simple. So we start with two kinds of verbs
 Principal Verb
 Helping Verb
Now the principal verb has got five kinds and helping verb has three kinds. We have named the
five kinds of principal verb but for the sake of avoiding complexity (for learners) we simply
identify the three types of helping verb as first, second and third respectively.
Now below we give a sketch which explains the type of principal verb and helping verb and
their relationship.

Principal Verb Helping Verb
Original Form Do, does, did, can, could, may, might,
should, would, must ought to
Always Alone Second Form

Third Form
Has, have, Had
ing Form

Be, is, are, was, were, am ,been
Always Alone S/es Form


In the above sketch we see the arrows showing the relationship between three different types
of helping verbs and five different types of Principal verbs.

2. 1. After first helping verb only original form of Principal Verb (Original Form)
2. Second form of the Principal Verb always alone (without any helping verb)
3. Third form of Principal Verb after the Has, Have or Had
4. Ing form of Principal always after any form of Be (Be, is, are, am, was, were, been)
5. S/es form of principal always alone
Active Voice Tenses


Passive Voice Tenses
NOTE: Always in passive voice use the third form of the verb + be in some form must be there.
Present Past Future
Indefinite yes yes yes
Perfect yes yes yes
Continuous yes yes No
Perfect Continuous No No No

Recognition of Tenses
 Present: The first word of the Verb should be in the Present form (Original Form)
 Past: The first word of the Verb should be second form
 Future: The first word of the verb should be in will or shall
 Continuous: ing form must be there
Present Past Future
Indefinite yes yes yes
Perfect yes yes yes
Continuous yes yes yes
Perfect Continuous yes yes yes

3.  Perfect Continuous: has/have/had + ing form
 Present perfect: Original form + has/have/had
 Past perfect: second form of principal verb + had
 Future Perfect: will/ shall + has/have/had
 Present Continuous: Original form + ing form
 Past Continuous: Second form + ing form
 Future Continuous: Will/shall + ing form
 Present Perfect Continuous: Original form + has/have/had been + ing form
 Past Perfect Continuous: 2nd form + has/have/had been + ing form
 Future Perfect Continuous: will + has/have/had been + ing form
Personal pronoun has five types of forms:
SUBJECTIVE Adjective I Adjective II Objective Reflexive
I My Mine Me Myself
We Our Ours Us Ourselves
You Your Your You yourself
You Your Your You yourselves
He His His Him Himself
She Her Hers Her Herself
It Its Its It Itself
They Their Thiers Them themselves
One One’s One’s One oneself

Some helping verbs are used as Principal verbs also. Either they are used in the capacity of
helping verb or principal verbs they have characteristics of principal verb. They are Do,
Has/Have and Be.
Now let us discuss the forms of these three helping verbs as follows;-

4. Original Form Second Form Third Form Ing Form S/es Form
Do Did Done Doing Does
Have Had Had Having Has
Be Was, Were Been Being Is (Am, are)

Types of Sentences:
 Positive (20)
 Negative (20)
 Interrogative (20)
 Negative interrogative (20)
Positive: He goes to school.
Negative: After first helping verb use “NOT” to make the sentence negative (He does not go to school.)
Interrogative: First helping verb in beginning of the sentence (Does he go to school?)
Negative interrogative: After the first helping you should put “NOT” (Does he not go to school?)