Virginia Henderson’s need theory by Dr.Waqar Ahmad Hamdam.pptx

by: Dr.Waqar Ahmad Hamdam

1. Suvastu School Of Nursing Of Nursing BScN Generic (year 1V, semester VII) Course: Nursing Theory Faculty: Abdul Razaq Raheemi Virginia Henderson’s need theory

2. Objectives.. * Introduce the theorist Virginia Henderson Explain the theory background Explain the nursing definition according to Virginia Henderson Discuss the 14 components of Henderson Describe the assumption of the theory Explain the four major concept according to Henderson Discuss the nursing process according Henderson Comparison b/w Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and 14 components of need

3. Introduction The nightingale of modern nursing or modern day mother of nursing Virginia Henderson was born in Kansas city Missouri in 1897 Diploma in nursing from the army school of nursing at Walter reed hospital, Washington D.C in 1921 She worked at henry street visiting nurse service or 2 years after graduation. In 1923 , started teaching nursing at Norfolk protestant hospital in Virginia In 1929, entered teachers college at Columbia university for bachelor’s degree in 1934 master’s degree In 1985, honored at annual meeting of the nursing and allied health section of the medical association. Died march 19, 1996 In 1939 she revised harmer’s classic textbook of nursing for its 4 th edition and later wrote the 5 th edition incorporating her personal definition of nursing.

4. Theory background… She called her definition of nursing her “concept” She emphasized the importance of increasing the patient’s independence so that progress after hospitalization would not be delayed. Assisting the patient to gain independence in relation to the performance of activities contributing to health or its recovery. She categorized nursing activities into 14 components, based on human needs. She described the nursing role as a substitute ( doing for the person) supplementary (helping the person), complementary working with the person with the goals of helping the person become as independent as possible .

5. Nursing definition by Virginia Henderson The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery or to peaceful death that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength will or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapid as possible ( Henderson 1966)

6. The 14 components 1- Breathe normally, 2- eat and drink adequately 3- Eliminate body waste 4- Move an maintain desirable posture 5- Sleep and rest 6- Select suitable clothes dress and undress 7- Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying environment 8- Keep the body clean and well groomed and protect the integument 9- Avoid dangers in the environment and injuring others 10- Communicate with other in expressing emotions, needs, fears or opinions

7. Conti… 11- Worship according to one’s faith 12- Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment 13- Play or participate in various forms of reaction. 14- Learn discover or satisfy the curiosity that leads to normal development and health and use the available health facilities the first 9 components are physiological. The tenth and fourteen are psychological aspects of communicating and learning the eleventh component is spiritually and moral. The twelfth and thirteenth components are sociologically oriented to occupation and recreation.

8. Assumption The major assumption of this theory are ; Nurses care for the patient until the patient can care for themselves once again. Patients desire to return to health Nurses are willing to serve and that nurses will devote themselves to the patient day and night. Nurses should be educated at the university level in both arts and sciences .

9. Henderson’s theory and the four major concept…

10. Conti.. Individual: require assistance to achieve health and independence or a peaceful death. Mind and body are inseparable and interrelated. Consider the biological, psychological, sociological and spiritual components. the theory presents the patient as a sum of parts with biopsychosocial needs. Environment : settings in which an individual learns unique pattern for living. All external conditions and influences that effect life and development. Health: nurses need to stress promotion of health and prevention and cure of disease. Good health is challenge affected by age, culture background, physical and intellectual capacities and emotional balance. NURSING: assist and supports the individual in life activities of independences. Nurse serve to male patient ‘complete” “whole” or “independent”

11. Henderson’s and nursing process :- Summarization of the stages of the nursing process as applied to Henderson's definition of nursing and to the 14 components of basic nursing care. NURSING ASSESMENT :- Henderson 14 components NURSING DIAGNOSIS:- Compare data to knowledge base of health and disease NURSING PLAN:- identify individual’s ability to meet own needs with or without assistance, taking into consideration strength, will or knowledge NURSING IMPLEMENTATION:- document how the nurse care assist the individual, sick or well NURSING EVALUATION :- use acceptable definition of nursing and appropriate laws related to nursing practice . Successful outcomes of nursing care are based on the speed to which patient perfume independently the activities of daily living.

12. Comparison with maslow’s hierarchy of need:-

13. Conti.. Physiological needs: breath normally, eat and drink adequately, eliminate by all avenues, move and maintain desirable posture, sleep and rest , select suitable clothing, maintain body temperature, keep body clean and well groomed and protect the integument. Safety needs:- avoid environment dangers and avoid injuring others Belongingness and love needs: - communicate with others, worship according to one’s faith. Esteem needs:- work at something providing a sense of accomplishment, play or participate in various forms of recreation, learn, discover, or satisfy curiosity

14. Summary :- Henderson definition of nursing emphasis on basic human needs as the central focus of nursing practice has led to further theory development regarding the needs of the person and how nursing can assist in meeting those needs. Her definition of nursing and the 14 components of basic nursing care are uncomplicated and self explanatory.

15. References… http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Henderson.html Book “nursing theorist and their work” (Seventh, edition by Martha Raile , Aligood Ann Mariner Toomey )