Visual perceptual motor deficit

Visual perceptual disorder, affects a child's ability to understand visual information

1. VISUAL PERCEPTUAL & MOTOR DISORDER

2. VISUAL PERCEPTUAL MOTOR DEFICIT It affects the understanding of information that a person sees or the ability to copy or draw. The way a person’s eyes move plays an integral role in how well they attain and comprehend sensory data.

3. SYMPTOMS Inability to accurately copy down information Difficulty navigating school grounds or other larger areas Frequent complaints about eye pain and itchiness Turns head while reading or holds paper at odd angles Often loses place on the page while reading

4. Struggles with cutting and pasting Poor page organization, including poorly-aligned letters, illegible words, and irregular spacing Holds pencil too tightly, often resulting in breaking the point Closes one eye while reading or working Letter and symbol reversal (sees “b” instead of “d,” or inverts letters like “u” and sees the letter “n.”

5. VISUAL PROCESS Visual perception occurs through visual process

6. COMPONENTS OF VISUAL PERCEPTUAL PROCESSING Visual cognition Visual memory Pattern recognition Visual scanning Visual attention

7. 1. VISUAL COGNITION The ability to manipulate & integrate the visual inputs with other sensory information to: gain knowledge Solve problems formulate plans decision making

8. 2. VISUAL MEMORY Visual cognition cannot occur without the presence of visual memory. The mental manipulation of visual stimuli requires the ability to create and retain a picture of the object in the mind’s eye while the visual analysis is being completed .

9. 3. PATTERN RECOGNITION Before the visual image can be stored in a memory, the individual must recognize the pattern making up the image. It involves identifying the object from surroundings.

10. 4. VISUAL SCANNING It is accomplished through the use of saccadic eye movement. A saccade is a movement of the eye towards an object of interest in the environment

11. VISUAL FUNCTIONS Visual input is provided through the visual functions of: Oculomotor control V isual fields V isual acuity

12. OCCULOMOTOR CONTROL : it enables eye movement to be completed quickly & accurately and ensures perceptual stability VISUAL FIELDS: which let’s the brain know what’s going on in the environment. VISUAL ACUITY : ensures that visual information sent to brain is accurate

13. VISUAL PROCESSING DIFFICULTIES

14. 1. VISUAL DISCRIMINATION ISSUES: Trouble seeing the difference between similar letters, shapes, or objects 2. VISUAL FIGURE-GROUND DISCRIMINATION ISSUES: Struggle to distinguish a shape or letter from its background 3. VISUAL SEQUENCING ISSUES: Find it difficult to see words in the correct order; may skip lines or read the same line over and over

15. 4. VISUAL-MOTOR PROCESSING ISSUES: Trouble using what they see to coordinate with the way they move; may struggle to write within lines or bump into objects while walking 5. LONG- OR SHORT-TERM VISUAL MEMORY ISSUES: Struggle to remember shapes, symbols, or objects they’ve seen, causing issues with reading and spelling 6. VISUAL-SPATIAL ISSUES: Trouble understanding where objects are in space; unsure how close objects are to one another

16. 7.VISUAL CLOSURE ISSUES: Difficulty identifying an object when only parts of it are showing 2 8. LETTER AND SYMBOL REVERSAL ISSUES: Switch numbers or letters when writing, or may mistake “b” for “d” or “w” for “m”

17. VISUAL PERCEPTUAL DYSFUNCTIONS Disorders of visual perception are found in : Autism N eurodegenerative disease Schizophrenia Depression Demyelinating disorders

18. STRATEGIES Avoid grading handwriting Provide alternative for written assignments Suggest use of pencil grips Allow use of computer Restrict copying tasks Use large print books Play visual & memory based games

19. THANK YOU