vital statistics

maternity

1. Mittal college of nursing Vital statistics PRESENTED BY :- AYUSHI BAGWAL BSc. NURSING 4 th year Topic:- Date= 01/04/2019

2. INTRODUCTION The process of maintaining vital statistics is a purposefull mechanism of collecting, processing, analyzing and transmitting the information required for organizing and operating health services and also for research and training .

3. aims Providing reliable , relevant ,up to date ,adequate ,timely and reasonably complete information to the health authority at all levels. Health care providers are able to intervene the health status of the population ,provided availability of appropriate tools for measuring health, illness and the well being is there . It is the transformation of information through integration and processing with perception and experience based on social and political value .

4. Why vital statistics require The system should be population based . The system should avoid unnecessary agglomeration of data. The system should be problem oriented. Functional and operational terms. Should express information briefly and imaginatively.

5. definition Vital statistics are conventionally numerical records of marriage , birth , sickness and death by which the health and growth of community may be studied. It is a branch of biometry that deals with data and law of human mortality , morbidity and demography.

6. Indicators Demography and vital events. Environment health statistics. Health resources facilities ,beds , manpower . Utilization and non utilization of health services attendance. Health care indices. Financial statistics.

7. purpose To describe the level of community health , diagnose community illness and solution of health problems. To determine success or failure of specific health problems. To promote health legislation at local and national level. To develop policies and procedure at state and center level.

8. Importance of vital statistics To evaluate impact of various national health prog. To plan for better future measures of disease control. To explain hereditary nature of disease. To evaluate economic and social development. It is primary tool of research activity. To determine health status of individual.

9. Uses of vital information The vital information of a population are basis of planning , administration and effective management health service and programs . Assessment of health service in terms of effectiveness and efficiency is done by maintaining up to date record of all events . Assessment of attitude and degree of satisfaction of the beneficiaries from the health policies can be done. Measurement of health services status of population .

10. Sources of vital information Censes *epidemiological surveillance Registration of vital events Simple registration system * health service record Hospital records Notification of disease * population and health Disease register surveys Record linkage

11. Points of vital statistics Maternal mortality rate Maternal morbidity rate Perinatal mortality ,morbidity rate Neonatal mortality , morbidity rate Post neonatal mortality , morbidity rate Infant mortality ,morbidity rate 1-4 year child mortality ,morbidity rate Under 5 yr. mortality ,morbidity rate

12. Maternal mortality rate total no. of female death due to complication of pregnancy or within 42 days of delivery from purpural causes total no. of live birth in same area in year. 100

13. Causes of maternal mortality category Direct Indirect Non obstetric Reproductive mortality *Abortion * Ectopic gestation *Pre eclampsia *Eclampsia * Antepartum hemorrhage *puerperal sepsis *Postpartum hemorrhage

14. Factors of mortality rate AGE PARITY LOW SOCIO ECONOMIC STATUS ANTENATAL CARE SUB STANDERD CARE

15. MATERNAL MORBIDITY RATE IT is overarching term that refers to any physical or mental illness or disability directly related to pregnancy and or child birth is not necessary for life threatening . CAUSES = Infection , poor service , hygiene , hemorrhage , anemia ,abortion , difficult labor, hypertension ,low socio economic status, living standard.

16. Preventive measures of mmr and maternal morbidity rate Early registration of pregnancy. At least 3 antenatal check ups . Dietary supplementation including correct anemia. Clean and aseptic delivery practices . Prevention of complications Eg. Preeclampsia and malpresentation , ruptured uterus. Prevention of infection and hemorrhage. Treatment of medical conditions.

17. Cont. *Institutional deliveries for womans . *Promotion of family planning. *Identification of every maternal death and search its cause.

18. PERINATAL MORTALITY Late fetal death (28 weeks of gestation ) Early neonate death (1 ST Week )in a year Live birth in the same year 1000

19. Causes of perinatal mortality ANTENATAL INTRANATAL POSTNATAL UNKNOWN MATERNAL DISEASE PELVIC DISEASE ANATOMICAL DEFECT MAL NUTRITION TOXEMIA OF PREGNANCY ADVANCED AGE *BIRTH INJURY ASPHYXIA PROLONGED LABOR OBSTETRIC COMPLICATION *PREMATURITY RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROMME INFECTION ON RESPIRATORY AND ALIMENTORY TRACT

20. MEASURES OF REDUCE PRENATAL MORTALITY Need to educate community about age of marriage. Adequate immunization ,prevention of HIV infection, avoidance of drug abuse. o Proper nutrition to mother. In antenatal period optimum care of mother and need to seek medical advice in emergency In intra natal period use aseptic techniques by skilled person ,safe delivery ,control infection and complications .

21. NEONATAL MORTALITY RATE no. of deaths of neonates under 28 days of age in year total live births in the same year CAUSES = LOW BIRTH WEIGHT * PREMATURITY * BIRTH INJURY AND DIFFICULT LABOR 1000

22. CONT SEPSIS FETAL DISTRESS CONGENITAL ANOMALIES BIRTH ASPHYXIA AND TETANUS CONDITION OF PLACENTA AND CORD HEMOLYTIC DISEASE ARI

23. Infant mortality rate No. of death under 1 year of age Total live birth in year 1000

24. Importance of imr It depicts the age related mortality in vunrable group with in the society . Specific health programme is affected directly and rapidly rather than the genral health problems . Improved obstetric and perinatal care. Improvement in the quality of life . Improvement of nutritional status . Family planning E g. Birth spacing .

25. FACTORS AFFECTING IMR There are three factors include BIOLOGICAL FACTORS Birth weight Age of mother Birth spacing Birth order Multiple birth Family size High fertility

26. CONT (2) ECONOMICAL FACTORS (3) SOCIO CULTUAL FACTORS Breast feeding Religion and caste Early marriage Sex of child Maternal education Quality of health care and mother care Broken families

27. Reduce imr measure Improve health status of people. Raise female literacy. primary health care . Environmental sanitation . Prenatal nutrition . Socio economic development .

28. Under 5 year mortality rate No. of death of children aged 1-4 year during a year Total no. of children aged 1-4 year at the middle of year 1000

29. Causes Communicable disease like diarrhea ,measles , whooping cough ,diphtheria ,ARI ,malnutrition . Accidents Congenital anomalies Malignant neoplasm Pneumonia Death

30. Preventive measures Pre natal nutrition and routine check ups . Prevention of infection and aseptic techniques . Breast feeding . Family planning . Sanitation . PHC and immunization Socio economic development National health prog.

31. Fertility rate General fertility rate = no. of live birth per 1000 women in the reproductive age group (15-49) in a given year . General marital fertility rate = no. of live birth per 1000 married women in the reproductive age group (15 -49) in a given year .

32. Cont Total fertility rate = average no. of children that would be born to a married women . Fecundity rate = fertility should not be confused with fecundity which refers to the child bearing capacity of a women . Marriage rate =total no. of marriage during a calendar year per 1000 total mid year population

33. Abortion rate No. of induced abortion Total mid year population of women (15 -44 ) 1000 RECORD AND REPORT

34. Event table EVENTS RATES AND RATIO BEST STATES WORST STATES MMR 130/ 100000 LIVE BIRTH (2016) KERALA (46) ASSAM (237)AND UP PMR 26/ 1000 (2013) MHARASHTRA (61) UTTARKKHAND (201) NMR 18 / 1000 (2017) TAMIL NADU (66)(2016) M.P (47), ASSAM (44) IMR 37/1000(2016) GOA,MANIPUR (8,11) UP (43) TFR 2.43 (2017) SOUTH INDIAN BIHAR 3.3 (2016)

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