Explain what the
term 'voice' means
when used in the
context of English
or Literature
studies.
1
Identify and
define the three
main types of
voices in texts.
2
Analyse how
language
features are used
to construct voice
for a partiuclar
purpose
3
OBJECTIVES
Learning
VOICE
Defining
In English and Literature, the word 'voice' refers to the mixture of
vocabulary, tone, point of view, and syntax that makes phrases,
sentences, and paragraphs flow in a particular manner and sound a
particular way.
Some authors' voices are so defined that they leap off the page and can
be recognized in a single sentence. Part of the timeless appeal of many
famous novelists is their clearly defined literary voice.
However, texts can contain multiple voices from the author, narrator or
characters.
VOICE
Definition of
VOICE
Types of
VOICE
Authorial
In the literary sense, voice can
be used to refer to the nature
of the voice projected in a text
by an author; the persona,
role or character adopted by
an author.
VOICE
Narrative
The ways in which a narrator
may be related to the story.
For example, the narrator
might take the role of first or
third person, omniscient or
restricted in knowledge of
events, reliable or unreliable
in interpreting what happens.
VOICE
Character
A character’s voice is the unique tone a
skilled author imbues upon different
characters. Each character has a unique
combination of personality, vocal syntax,
lexicon, accent and colloquialisms
shown through their written dialogue, so
that when they speak, they provide
information about themselves that goes
beyond the business they’re addressing
in a line of dialogue.
VOICES
Other
As well as an author’s voice, texts
often contain ‘multiple voices’. These
are the views, positions, ideas and
perspectives of other individuals or
groups. It is important to recognise
the various voices in a text, how they
relate to one another, and how the
creator of a text uses these to shape
audience response.
VOICE
Analysing
What does the voice sound like?
Consider the tone, mood or emotion of what is written.
E.g. Humorous, satirical, sarcastic, serious, somber,
bleak, defeated, mysterious, critical, joyful, exuberant,
searching, curious, inquisitive, formal, colloquial,
menacing
Describe 1
Construct 2
Which language features have been used to construct
the voice?
This can include both written language and visual
language.
E.g. vocabulary, connotation, syntax, emotive
language, slang, repetition, figurative language,
camera shot type, camera angle, props or objects,
clothing, emanata, body language, speech bubbles
Embody 3
What values, attitudes or perspective does the voice
embody?
Does it reflect a particular social group or ideology?
E.g. Values such as equality, truth or family.
E.g. Attitudes or perspectives such as injustices of
slavery, benefits of change, autonomy for women etc.
Relate 4
What is the relationships between this voice and other
voices?
Is it privileged or marginalised? Does it support or
conflict with other voices? Does it challenge or
reinforce the accepted notions of the time? Does it
reflect the author's beliefs? Are readers positioned to
empathise, sympathise or criticise it?
Present 5
How is this voice used to present particular themes or
ideas?
Start with a general theme. Then state your theme as
an explicit idea.
E.g. love, grief, memory, loss, friendship, survival,
family, war etc. The voice conveys the idea that war
can have a dehumanising effect on individuals.
TURN
Your
Choose a page or scene from a studied text and
create your own notes, working through the five
levels of analysing voice.
Good luck!