W1_Quantitative Research PRACTICAL RESEARCH2.pptx

Nature of Quantitative Research
Quantitative research is a systematic investigation that focuses on collecting and analyzing numerical data to explain, predict, or test relationships among variables. It relies on measurable evidence, statistical tools, and structured instruments such as surveys, tests, or experiments. In Practical Research 2, students explore how quantitative methods are used to answer research questions objectively, often through large samples and standardized procedures. This approach emphasizes precision, reliability, and replicability, making it ideal for studies that seek to quantify behaviors, opinions, or outcomes.
Quantitative research is often associated with experimental, descriptive, or correlational designs. It uses tools like graphs, tables, and statistical formulas to present findings clearly and concisely. Whether comparing groups, measuring change, or identifying patterns, this method helps researchers draw conclusions based on observable data.

1. The World of Quantitative Research Welcome to the fascinating world of quantitative research. This type of research is based on collecting numerical data and then analyzing it to draw conclusions . Let's take a closer look at what makes it unique. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HpQnZrLvzcI

2. Objectives:

3. SMALL-SCALE INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH

4. The World of Research! Two main forms of research, qualitative and quantitative research. Quantitative Research emphasizes objective measurements and statistical, mathematical or numerical analysis of data collected through polls, questionnaires, and surveys, or by manipulating pre-existing statistical data using computational techniques to explain a particular phenomenon.

5. Task 1: Comprehension Check! Statement 1: There are eight teachers in the Research Department this school year (S.Y.) 2023-2024 who specifically handle students in the Technical-Vocational Livelihood (TVL) and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) tracks. Statement 2: A group of teachers from the research department collectively handles students in the Technical-Vocational Livelihood (TVL) and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) tracks.

6. Task 1: Comprehension Check! Statement 1: There are eight teachers in the Research Department this school year (S.Y.) 2023-2024 who specifically handle students in the Technical-Vocational Livelihood (TVL) and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) tracks. Statement 2: A group of teachers from the research department collectively handles students in the Technical-Vocational Livelihood (TVL) and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) tracks. EMPHASIZES THE INDIVIDUAL COLLECTIVE EMPHASIS

7. Quantitative Research Can provide meaning through: Numerals Symbols (Specificity, Particularity, Exactness)

8. Characteristics of Quantitative Research Clearly defined Research questions (what, which, how much) ensure the validity of data. Numerical Presentation of Data Data are presented using numbers, graph, chart, tables and figures. Statistical Analysis extract patterns from numerical data. Objective Impartial, unbiased and neutral. Large Sample Size Represents a population. Replication Repeating a study’s procedure and observing if the prior findings repeat in similar conditions. Structured Research Tools systematic approach to data collection and analysis. Predict Future Outcomes New concepts and further studies.

9. How do you think Quantitative Research differ from Qualitative Research in terms of the following standards? Researcher’s Involvement to the subject of the study. Expression of data, data analysis and findings Data analysis technique Style of expression Instrument used Sampling technique

10. Strengths and Weaknesses of Quantitative Research Strengths Quantitative research is highly precise, objective, and replicable, with findings that are easily generalizable to a larger population . Weaknesses Lacks the ability to capture the complexities and nuances of human experiences, emotions, or social contexts. Costly, requires a lot of respondents.

11. Kinds of Quantitative Research Experimental Research seeks to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables through controlled experiments. Uses the Scientific Approach. 2 Non-Experimental Research Describe a situation or phenomenon. Researchers collect data without making changes or introducing treatments. 1

12. TRUE-EXPERIMENTAL - test the true cause and effect relationships of variables involve in the study. Offers the highest internal validity of all the designs (Prieto, et al.) characteristics: - randomly formed groups - manipulation of treatment - comparison among groups 2. QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL – Almost the same as the True-Experimental Research the difference is the absence of random assignment. Experimental Research seeks to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables through controlled experiments. Uses the Scientific Approach. Collects data with making changes or introducing treatments/intervention (testing)

13. Kinds of Quantitative Research Experimental Research seeks to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables through controlled experiments. Uses the Scientific Approach. 2 Non-Experimental Research Describe a situation or phenomenon. Researchers collect data without making changes or introducing treatments. 1

14. Descriptive Research This type of quantitative research is used to describe phenomena and collect data about their prevalence, frequency, distribution, and patterns. 2 Correlational Research This type of quantitative research examines the relationships and associations between variables, without necessarily establishing causality. 1 Non-Experimental Research Describe a situation or phenomenon. Researchers collect data without making changes or introducing treatments.

15. Descriptive Research - This type of quantitative research is used to describe phenomena and collect data about their prevalence, frequency, distribution, and patterns. - Manipulation of variables or search for cause and effect is not applicable. - Determine the frequency with which it occurs and to find general attributes of the presently existing situation. Example Research Problem: How many hours senior high school students spent in playing online games? How many malnourished students who failed in the achievement test? How healthy is the food served during lunch time in the public school? Example Title: “ Factors Affecting the Academic Performance of Senior High School Students” - Attendance -Family -Financial Support -Working Student

16. Correlational Research - This type of quantitative research examines the relationships and associations between variables, without necessarily establishing causality. - Measures the degree of relationship between two variables. Example Research Problem: Performance in Mathematics and score in Practical Research 2. 2. Sex and mathematical ability 3. Age and leadership style Occupation and lifespan Example Title: “The Relationship Between Playing Online Games and the Grade-point Average”

17. Types of Correlational Research POSITIVE CORRELATION - An increase in one variable leads to increase the other variable. A decrease in one variable will also decrease in the other variable. Example: Family income and Daily allowance . NEGATIVE CORRELATION - If there is an increase in one variable, the second variable will show a decrease and vice versa. Example: Age of a car and price of the car .

18. The Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields Natural Sciences Quantitative research is critical in the natural sciences for discovering new phenomena, testing theories, and developing interventions or treatments. Social Sciences Quantitative research is used in social sciences to study human behavior, attitudes, and beliefs, and to understand how society functions. Health Sciences Quantitative research helps medical professionals to identify risk factors, diagnose diseases, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatments or interventions. Finance Quantitative research is applied in finance to forecast trends, model financial markets, and develop investment strategies.

19. Applications of Quantitative Research 1 Marketing Research 📈 ….understand consumers' behaviors, preferences, and satisfaction towards products or services. 2 Educational Research 🎓 …evaluate the impact of educational programs, policies, and interventions on student learning outcomes. 3 Psychological Research 💭 …study mental processes, behaviors, and disorders, and to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy.

20. “Do research. Feed your talent. Research not only wins the war on cliché, it’s the key to victory over fear and its cousin, depression.” - Robert Mckee

21. Hypothesis: Null Hypothesis: There is NO significant difference in stress levels between SHS students who own pets and those who do not. Alternative Hypothesis: There is significant difference in stress levels between SHS students who own pets and those who do not.

22. Objective: The objective is to compare the stress levels between these two groups to see if there is a statistically significant difference. By measuring and comparing their stress levels, you aim to determine whether pet ownership has any impact on the stress levels of SHS students.

23. SCALE OF STRESS LEVEL 1 Completely Relaxed: No stress at all; feeling completely calm and at ease. 2 Very Low Stress: Minimal stress, almost no noticeable tension or worry. 3 Low Stress: Some mild stress, but generally manageable and not overly concerning. 4 Moderate Stress: Moderate levels of stress, with noticeable tension and mild discomfort. 5 Moderate-High Stress: Increasing stress levels, causing moderate discomfort and worry. 6 High Stress: Elevated stress levels, feeling quite tense and concerned. 7 Very High Stress: Significant stress, causing a lot of tension and discomfort. 8 Extremely High Stress: Extremely high levels of stress, feeling overwhelmed and anxious. 9 Almost Maximum Stress: Almost at the highest stress level, experiencing severe tension and anxiety. 10 Maximum Stress: The highest level of stress possible, feeling extremely overwhelmed and unable to cope.