wAIred_RabobankDataAI_11112025_clean.pptx

In today's world, artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the way we learn. This talk will explore how we can use AI tools to enhance our learning experiences, by looking at some (recent) research that has been done on the matter.

But as we embrace these new technologies, we must also ask ourselves: Are we becoming less capable of thinking for ourselves? Do these tools make us smarter, or do they risk dulling our critical thinking skills? This talk will encourage us to think critically about the role of AI in our education. Together, we will discover how to use AI to support our learning journey while still developing our ability to think critically.

1. W AI RED L earn with(out) ai 11-11-2025 BY SIMONE DE GIJT

2. 2015 Speech and Language Therapist + premaster Speech and Language Pathology Currently Java and Kotlin developer for And a proud team member of Team Smile Text # Wired

3. Little field research

4. Our learning path Is AI making us smarter? The impact of AI on learning capabilities Balancing AI and human intelligence # wAIred

5. IS AI MAKING US SMARTER ?

6. Closing the gap 22.12% 4.46% Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality - Harvard Business School # wAIred

7. Copying answers A.L. Glass & M. Kang (2020): Fewer students are benefiting from doing their homework: an eleven-year study, Educational Psychology, DOI: 10.1080/01443410.2020.1802645 # wAIred

8. # wAIred

9. Your Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of Cognitive Debt when Using an AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task - Kosmyna (N) et all. # wAIred

10. llm versus brain # wAIred

11. IS AI MAKING US SMARTER ?

12. THE IMPACT OF AI ON LEARNING CAPABILITIES

13. The concerns

14. Falling asleep at the wheel You let AI take over instead of using it as a tool. # wAIred OVERRELIANCE

15. Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality - Harvard Business School # wAIred frontier

16. Jagged Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality - Harvard Business School Refers to the unpredictable and ever-changing limits of what AI can and cannot do # wAIred frontier

17. Closing the gap 22.12% 4.46% Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality - Harvard Business School # wAIred

18. Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality - Harvard Business School # wAIred

19. critical thinking is a lot harder when you have access to ai # wAIred

20. A view into critical thinking development Inquiry and critical thinking skills for the next generation: from artificial intelligence back to human intelligence - Spector & Ma

21. BIAS AND ERRORS Users’ judgement is clouded by the preferences and biases of the AI. # wAIred

22. Your Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of Cognitive Debt when Using an AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task - Kosmyna (N) et all. # wAIred

23. Errors may be saved to the long-term memory as a base for future decisions and knowledge # wAIred

24. OpenAI (2023): GPT-4 Technical Report, DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2303.08774 Is ai really that flaky? # wAIred

25. Facts over reasoning and understanding Capabilities of GPT-5 on Multimodal Medical Reasoning – Wang et all. # wAIred

26. Validating AI Output Becomes Critical # wAIred

27. RETAIN AND RECALL INFORMATION “This suggests that while AI tools can enhance productivity, they may also promote a form of metacognitive laziness …” ~ Kosmyna et al. (2025)

28. Your Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of Cognitive Debt when Using an AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task - Kosmyna (N) et all. % of participants struggling to quote anything

29. Your Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of Cognitive Debt when Using an AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task - Kosmyna (N) et all. Your Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of Cognitive Debt when Using an AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task - Kosmyna (N) et all. % of participants struggling to quote anything % of participants who failed to provide a correct quote # wAIred

30. Using ai too much can hurt our ability to problem-solve on our own # wAIred

31. The opportunities # wAIred

32. IDEA GENERATOR # wAIred

33. IDEA GENERATOR # wAIred

34. Stop using ai as a shortcut start using ai as an exploration tool # wAIred

35. Personalized learning # wAIred

36. Personalized learning # wAIred

37. Ai as a tutor Planning learning episode Learning path Adjusting to current knowledge level Examples Exercises Gamification Feedback Scoring

38. A tutor will never give you the answer straight away. You first need to try it yourself ! # wAIred

39. Efficiency and productivity # wAIred

40. Efficiency and productivity # wAIred

41. # Wired working MEMORY The Working Memory can store 2 to 6 chunks . Each chunk has a time to live of 30 sec

42. chunks “We need to revisit our customer segmentation based on the latest cohort analysis, where we predict churn using a customized XGBoost model built on behavioral features including recency, frequency, and monetary value and combine that with NPS trends from the past three quarters.” # Wired

43. chunks Short Term Memory # Wired Latest cohort analysis Predict churn with XGBoost Behavioral features (RFM) Combine with NPS-trends Revisit customer segmentation

44. chunks Short Term Memory # Wired Latest cohort analysis Predict churn XGPBoost model Behavioral features Recency Revisit customer segmentation

45. Less cognitive load means more capacity to focus on the complexity of the task # wAIred

46. Summary # wAIred THE CONCERNS Overreliance Falling asleep at the wheel Bias & Errors Reduced Critical Thinking Retention and recall Reduced Capability to Problem Solve THE OPPORTUNITIES Idea generator Possibility to gain new perspectives and ideas Personalized learning Increased motivation by tailoring to individual needs Efficiency and productivity Less cognitive load, so more room for other learnings

47. Balancing ai and human intelligence

48. Step 1. find your source of truth We need subject matter expertise to: T hink critically Problem solve Understand abstract concepts Reason through novel problems Evaluate the AIs output # wAIred

49. Step 2. invite ai to everything you do Learn the shape of the jagged frontier Learn how to refine prompts “Imagine AI as an infinitely fast intern, so someone who is eager to please but prone to making errors and bending the truth” ~ Mollick. (2024) # wAIred

50. Step 3. go centaur mode Clear line between person and machine Assign clear, stand-alone tasks to the AI which are verifiable # wAIred

51. Key take aways # wAIred

52. Sources Dell’Acqua , F., McFowland III, E., Mollick, E., Lifshitz-Assaf, H., C. Kellogg, K., Rajendran, S., Krayer, L., Candelon , F., Lakhani, K.R. (2023). Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality. Working Paper 24-013. Harvard Business School. Glass, A.L. & Kang , M.(2020). Fewer students are benefiting from doing their homework: an eleven-year study. Educational Psychology. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2020.1802645 Kazemitabaar , M., Chow, J., Ka To Ma, C., Ericson, B.J., Weintrop, D., Grossman, T. (2023). Studying the effect of AI Code Generators on Supporting Novice Learners in Introductory Programming. Computing. CHI Conference, April 23-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3580919 Kosmyna , N., Hauptmann, E., Yuan, Y.T., Situ, J., Liao, X., Beresnitzky , A.V., Braunstein, I., Maes, P. (2025). Your Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of Cognitive Debt when Using an AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2506.08872 Lin, H., & Chen, Q. (2024). Artificial intelligence (AI) -integrated educational ` zapplications and college students’ creativity and academic emotions: students and teachers’ perceptions and attitudes. BMC Psychology, 12:487. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01979-0 Mollick, E. (2024). Co-Intelligence: Living and Working with AI. Publisher: W.H. Allen. OpenAI. (2023). GPT-4 Technical Report. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.08774 Spector, J.M. & Ma, S. (2019). Inquiry and critical thinking skills for the next generation: from artificial intelligence back to human intelligence. Smart Learning Environments, 6:8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-019-0088-z Tornhill , A., Borg, M., Mones, E. (2024). Refactoring vs Refuctoring : Advancing the state of AI-automated code improvements. Whitepaper. Wang, S., Hu, M., Li, Q., Safari, M., Yang, X. (2025). Capabilities of GPT-5 on Multimodal Medical Reasoning. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.08224 Wu, Y.(2024). Critical Thinking Pedagogics Design in an Era of ChatGPT and Other AI Tools — Shifting From Teaching “What” to Teaching “Why” and “How”. Journal of Education and Development, Vol. 8, No.1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20849/jed.v8i1.1404 Zviel-Girshin , R. (2024). The Good and Bad of AI Tools in Novice Programming Education. Education sciences, 2024, 14, 10889. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14101089 # wAIred

53. Slidedeck: # wAIred Happy Learnings !