waste water drainage

waste water drainage

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2. COURSE CODE – RT- 205 (RURAL WASTE MANAGEMENT) SESSION- 2018-19 PRESENTING BY- ANJALI PATEL M.Sc. (RT) 2 nd sem. DEPARTMENT OF RURAL TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, GURU GHASIDAS VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BILASPUR (C.G.) WASTE WATER DRAINAGE

3. Introduction Definition Aims of waste water drainage Needs of good drainage system in building Principle of planning and design of house drainage Inspection of building drainage system Testing of drainage system Maintenance of building drainage system CONTENTS

4. In order to maintain in healthy environment, the waste water coming from the kitchens, bathroom, water closet, urinals of the building has to be drained properly . If the waste is not drained properly, it lead to stagnation in and around the building causing nuisance, effect on the health. INTRODUCTION

5. DEFINITION It is the arrangement provided in a house or building for collecting or conveying waste water though drain pipes, by gravity, to join either a public sewer or a domestic septic tank is termed as house drainage or building drainage .

6. Waste water Drainage System

7. To prevent the entry of foul gases from the sewer line. To provide facilities for the quick removal of foul matter such as human excreta from the water closets. To collect the sewage systematically for its further conveyance, treatment and disposal. To provide healthy and aesthetic environment in the building. AIMS OF BUILDING DRAINAGE

8. The drainage pipes should be strong and durable. The pipes should be of non-absorbent material. The pipes and joints should be airtight to prevent the leakage of waste water or gases. The network of pipes should have sufficient accessibility for inspection, cleaning and removing the barrier. The levels of building, sewer and other point of outlet should be fixed accurately. As per as possible drain should not pass under the buildings. The system should have trap at all necessary points . NEEDS OF GOOD DRAINAGE SYSTEM IN BUILDING

9. The drains should be given proper ventilation to avoid air locks. The foul matter should be quickly removed away from the sanitary fixtures so as to avoid the putrefaction and of bad smelling gases. The drainage system should be able to prevent the entry of gases, vermin from the sewer into the building. the branch drain should be as short as possible. The drains should not pass near or under trees to avoid the damage of pipe by the roots.

10. It is advisable to lay sewers by the side of building rather than below the building . The drains should be straight between the inspection chambers or manholes. The entire system should be properly ventilated. The house drain should connected to the public sewer only if the public sewer is deeper than house drain otherwise reverse flow from public sewer to the house drain. The house drain should contain enough number of traps at suitable point for efficient function of it. PRINCIPLES OF PALNNING AND DESIGN OF HOUSE DRAINAGE

11. The joint of sewer should be water tight. The layout of house drainage system should permit easy cleaning and removal of barrier. The material of sewer should not absorb the sewage and should be provided to protect then from external loads by earth cushioning. The rain water from houses is collected from roof and conveys it to storm water drain through catch basins or inlets. The sewage formed should be conveyed as early as possible after its formation .

12. The flow through the drains should be observed bye opening the inspection chambers. If there are damp spots, they should be detected as the indicated leakages. The water closets , and traps should be examined. Emission of bad smell if any from the sanitary block should be detected. A detailed survey of the entire system is made and then completely checked. INSPECTION OF BUILDING DRAINAGE SYSTEM

13. Air test – In this test, air is blown into the drain after plugging the ends. This soap solution is then applied. The formation of bubbles indicates leakages. Hydraulic Test or Water Test – The drain is plugged at the lower inspection chamber and the water is filled under the pressure of 0.015W/mm2. There should not be any visible drop in water level within ten minutes. Smell Test – Air mix with some smelling gas and is allowed to pass through the drainage pipe. Leaky joints can be detected by smelling. TESTING OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM

14. (4) Color water Test- Color water is added from one side. The leakage can be easily seen. (5) Smoke Test - This test is used to detected leakage of rain water pipes and other vertical waste pipes. In this test smoke is forced into the pipe. Leakage can be detected by smell or vision of the smoke through the joint.

15. Entry of Undesired elements – The substance like sand, grit, decayed fruits, pieces of cloth, leaves should not allowed into the sewers and collected separately. Flushing – In order to maintain the house drainage system in proper working order, It is advisable to flush it once or twice a day. Inspection – The various units of house drainage system in proper working order, it intervals and damaged pipes/washer of leaky taps should be replaced. Use of Disinfectants – To maintain good sanitary conditions in the building, phenol or disinfectants should be use. MAINTENANCE OF BUILDING DRAINAGE SYSTEM

16. WEBSITE- https:/www.slideshare.net/drainage-system-for-a –building. REFERENCE

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