Water-Resouces.pptx economics earth science

Water-Resouces.pptx economics earth science

1. EARTH’S WATER RESOURCES, AND THE EFFECTS OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON WATER QUALITY AND AVAILABILITY Prepared by alexander a. alquizalas jr., LPT

2. Objectives At the end of this lesson, the learners shall be able to: K - identify the various water resources on Earth; S - determine the effects of human activities on the water quality and availability; and A - verbalize appreciation of the importance of water quality and availability to living things.

3. LEARNING COMPETENCIES Identify the various water resources on Earth. (S11ESIf-g-15) Explain how different activities affect the quality and availability of water for human use. (S11ES-Ig-16)

4. PRE-ACTIVITY – A. WORD MATCH Directions: Match the vocabulary word with its definition. Write the answers in your notebook. Water cycle Scarcity Groundwater Water Resources Natural Resources Wetland Lake Water Scarcity Potable Water Ocean

5. PRE-ACTIVITY – QUESTIONS 1. It is a source that is provided by nature that can be used by people. Its examples include water, air, and light. 2. It means limited or no supply of water. 3. People do not have access to clean/safe water. 4. The water that is safe to drink or cook with. 5. ______Are sources of water that are useful or potentially useful to humans.

6. PRE-ACTIVITY – QUESTIONS 6. It is the path that all water follows as it moves around earth in different states. 7. The expanse of salt water that covers most of the earth’s surface and surrounds its landmasses is known as _______. 8. It is a large body of water surrounded by land. 9. These are land or areas that are covered often intermittently with shallow water or have soil saturated with moisture. 10. The water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand, and rock.

7. PRE-ACTIVITY – B. FILL ME OUT Directions: 1. Give at least 3 human activities affecting the quality of water and please indicate in what possible way do they affect the quality of water. (2 points each and the first one is given for you as an example) Human Activities Effects inorganic fertilizer Causes of acidity of water in river, kill some aquatic organisms 1 2 3 4

8. Answer key 1. Natural resources 2. Scarcity 3. economic water scarcity 4. Potable water 5. water resources 6. water cycle 7. ocean 8. lake 9. wet land 10. ground water

9. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

10. 🌍 Earth’s Water Resources Water Resources- Natural sources of water that are useful for humans and vital for all life. Accessibility: Not all water is directly usable; some must be extracted. Importance: Essential for survival of humans, animals, plants, and ecosystems. Threats: Water scarcity is a significant danger for human existence and it does not affect all societies equally

11. 🌍 Earth’s Water Resources 71% of earth’s surface is covered by water. Total water = 326 million cubic miles (≈ 1 trillion gallons per cubic mile). 97.5% = saltwater 🌊 2.5% = freshwater 💧 69% frozen in glaciers/ice caps 30% groundwater 0.27% surface water (lakes, rivers, etc.)

12. Types of Water Resources Saltwater – 97 % Water from seas and oceans that contains dissolved salts; not safe for drinking. Found in oceans/seas Contains salts (sodium, chloride, etc.) Not drinkable unless treated (desalination = expensive)

13. Types of Water Resources Ice – 2.06% Freshwater found in glaciers, ice caps, and polar regions. Most freshwater is frozen (glaciers, ice caps) If all melted → sea level +6 meters 90% of ice is in antarctica Stores records of past climate in ice layers

14. Types of Water Resources Groundwater - 0.9% Freshwater stored underground in soil and rocks (aquifers). Found under the soil in aquifers Used for drinking, farming, daily needs Threatened by overuse, pollution, and saltwater intrusion

15. Types of Water Resources Surface Water (Lakes) – 0.27% Water that collects and is visible on the Earth’s surface. Visible water on Earth’s surface Fresh or salty (e.g., Lake Baikal = world’s largest & deepest) Reservoirs (man-made/natural lakes) supply towns & cities

16. Types of Water Resources Wetlands – 0.001% Areas where land is covered with water . Examples: marshes, swamps, estuaries, deltas Rich in biodiversity (fish, birds, mammals) Acts as nursery for species & storm buffer Many are lost due to land development

17. Types of Water Resources Rivers – 0.0002% Flowing bodies of freshwater moving from mountains to seas. Flow from mountains to seas Vital for transport, hydroelectric power, farming, recreation Key source of freshwater despite small amount

18. Earth’s Water Resources & the Water Cycle 🌍 Water exists in many forms: Oceans, Lakes, Rivers, Groundwater, Ice, Soil, And Atmosphere

19. Water Cycle (Hydrologic Cycle) Movement and transformation of water on earth . Evaporation – sun’s heat changes water (from oceans, rivers, soil, plants) into vapor. Condensation – water vapor cools → forms droplets → clouds & fog. Precipitation – droplets fall as rain, snow, or ice. Collection – water returns to oceans, lakes, rivers, and groundwater.

20. Human Activities Affecting Water Quality & Availability

21. Problems with water availability Drought – Natural, causes rivers and lakes to dry up; dams and irrigation help. Wasteful use leaving faucets open, excessive use in bathing/washing. Pollution contamination from plastics, chemicals, and other wastes.

22. Water Quality Issues Acid rain – From factory and vehicle emissions mixing with rain. Causes of poor water quality:

23. Water Quality Issues Chemicals – detergents, fertilizers, bleaches → algae growth → low oxygen → aquatic death. Causes of poor water quality:

24. Water Quality Issues Sediments from erosion and construction → block sunlight → harm plants and fish. Causes of poor water quality:

25. Water Quality Issues Disease-causing organisms – From untreated sewage and animal waste. Causes of poor water quality:

26. Saltwater Intrusion

27. Saltwater Intrusion Cause Effect Solution Seawater enters freshwater aquifers (worsened by overuse of groundwater) Contaminates drinking water in coastal areas | Injection wells to pump freshwater & create barrier

28. Thank you for listening