water supply system power point presentation

water supply system constitutes of a gravity based transmission and distribution system from local treatment system

1. Water Supply System Lecture by:- Eyoab Equbay (Architect)

2. Water S upply System Water supply system constitutes of a gravity/pumping based transmission & distribution system from Local/distant water treatment system. SOURCE TREATMENT STORAGE DISTRIBUTION

3. SOURCES :-open well, tube well , dam site ,external pipe supply , rain water ,Harvesting system TREATMENT :-Chlorination , Sedimentation , Sand Filter. STORAGE :-Elevated surface reservoirs, Ground service reservoir. DISTRIBUTION :-Main line , sub main line ,branch pipe line , household level , tape .

4. Open well :-Ground water is available at low depth less than 15 meter. Hand pump :-safe ground water is available up to 60m. Bore well :-tube well,ground water is at greater depth & open well or hand pumps are not viable.

5. Classification of water based on its Availability. A. Local Source :- which are available at village /town level , river , pond , open well & bore well. B. Distant Source :- Reliable & Safe is not available pipe line from distant sources can be laid. Available from river , pond , dam.

6. Water Treatment Treated at village level & even at household level further treatment may not be required at village level. Processes of treatment based on the source & quality of water in specific region.

7. 3 Main component 1.PUMP 2.ELECTRICAL OR OIL ENGIN 3.PANEL BOARD Raising Main :- the delivery line carrying water from pump to storage thank(elevated or ground)

8. Elevated Surface Reservoir (ESR) or elevated storage tank: ESR is constructed , where water is to be supplied at elevated height (less than the level of ESR) or where the distance is large and topography is undulating. Generally, ESR is at height more than 15 m. Water can be distributed directly from this storage tank by gravity or pump .

9. The primary function of water towers is to pressurize water for distribution. Elevating the water high above the pipes that distribute it throughout the surrounding building or community ensures that hydrostatic pressure, driven by gravity, forces the water down and through the system. Ground Service Reservoir (GSR): GSR is ground level or plinth level storage tank. The plinth level is generally not more than 3 m. Fig 1. GSR & ESR

10. Sump : Sump is used as additional storage at village/town level or cluster level. It is not used for direct distribution of water. Rather. The underground storage tank in circular shape with dome line covering is called sump. Generally, the capacity of sump is more (one and half to two times) than ESR or GSR or two to five days water requirement, so that if the supply is disturbed for that time, the water is available for the people. Fig 2. Sump

11. BUILDING WATER SUPPLY

12. System Selection 1.Demand (pressure and flow ) 2.Type of building occupancy 3.Aesthetics 4.Economy 5.Use 6.Maintainability 7.Flexibility to failure

13. Types of System Direct connection from the main to all fixtures Direct connection to overhead tank and then to all fixtures Pumped system - Direct pumping to fixtures (fire fighting) Combined (pump & over head tank) system - Pumping from ground/underground/ storage to overhead tank, then to all fixtures

14. Building areas requiring water supply system and Design. Water closet (WC)

15. Hand wash Basin (HWB) Bath Tub (BT) Bath tub faucet Design of building WS system

16. Urinals (UR) Design of building WS system

17. Water Supply and Distribution fig . Direct connection from the main WS to Rooms.

18. Riser diagrams :- are isometric drawings which show all piping fittings and equipment that constitute the plumbing system. Riser diagrams

19. Reasons considering water supply and water distribution in the rooms.

20. Reasons considering water supply and water distribution in the rooms.

21. "When we build, let us think that we build forever." John Ruskin