What is airfoil

What is airfoil

1. Supervisor: Sir Khurram Hameed (Asst. Professor) Group Members: H.Shahreyar Raza (BSME01153115) H.Usama Akhtar ( BSME01153120) Fahad Rashid (BSME01153006) Kamran Ali ( BSME01153053)

2. What is AirFoil

3. AirFoils For HAWT

4. NREL's S819 Airfoil  NREL HAWT airfoil S819 primary 21.0% Dia =10 to 20 m Re=1.0E+6 Clmax (S)=1.20 Clmax (R)=1.16 Restrained max lift coef Max thickness 21.1% at 28.4% chord. Max camber 1.3% at 77.3% chord

5. NACA 23012  NACA 23012 airfoil Max thickness 12% at 29.8% chord. Max camber 1.8% at 12.7% chord

6. AirFoils For VAWT

7. DU 06-W-200 airfoil for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) Max thickness 19.8% at 31.1% chord Max camber 0.5% at 84.6% chord DU 06-W-200

8. NACA 66-018  NACA 66-018 airfoil Max thickness 18% at 45% chord .

9. M aterials used in wind turbine blades Material used in manufacturing blades of wind turbines being produced and installed now is called as FRP , Fibre Reinforced Plastic. This is quite similar to what is used for helmet or boats. The main constituents are For the structural strength , mostly glass fabrics , sometimes small quantities of carbon fabrics. Higher cost of carbon fabrics restricting wider use , even being much lighter. Core material , combination of Foam and Balsa wood. Foam mostly used is PVC , with sometimes SAN or PET and there are other material being tested. Bonding material , mostly Epoxy resin , and some blades with Polyster resin Adhesive material to join two halves of the blade profile sections so as to create hollow aerofoil section of blade. This is mostly Epoxy resin based thick paste for glueing . Top coating with painting system. Mostly multiple layers of PU based paints. Tip of blade some times with Aluminium if not made with FRP The leading edge which comes in contact with wind first , made with V profile section of Aluminium or PVC plastic At the root section , sleeves made of steel to receive threaded studs for assembly to the Hub A thin section or round wire Aluminium from tip to the root , for providing a path for the lightening to be conducted if it strikes the tip. Lot many other materials used for the production of blade , but not finally part of the blade . Some examples Vacuum film , peel ply , infusion piping , grinders , gloves , sanding paper and many more.

10. Most Efficient Airfoil Shape As tip of the rotor has higher speed compared to the speed at the root (as shown by vector diagram in given fig.) angle of attack varies from root to the tip. Hence blades have twist to get maximum energy from the incoming wind.

11. Most Efficient Airfoil Shape