WHAT IS PERSONALITY(EASY LECTURE IN URDU AND ENGLISH).ppt

This presentation discusses personality in urdu and english languages.The person and the situation
Defining personality
Six approaches to personality
Personality and culture
psychoanalystic approach
trait approach
cognitive approach
biological approaches
humanistic approach
evolutionary and learning approach
Psychoanalytic approach’s explanation
People possess an unconscious desire to self-destruct
Self-destructive impulses are expressed against others in the form of aggression
Aggression occurs when people are blocked from reaching their goals

1. What is Personality?

2. Outline
The person and the situation
Defining personality
Six approaches to personality
Personality and culture
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3. The Person and the Situation
Both the situation and the person influence behavior
Individual's personality determines:
How different he/she is from others
How he/she behaves in the different situations
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4. Personality
Consistent behavior patterns and intrapersonal
processes originating within the individual
Consistent patterns of behavior
To an extent, individual behavior is consistent across time
and situations
Intrapersonal processes
Emotional, motivational, and cognitive processes that
influence individual's feelings and actions
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5. Approaches to Personality
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6. Approaches to Personality
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7. Approaches to Personality
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8. Aggression
Psychoanalytic approach’s explanation
People possess an unconscious desire to self-destruct
Self-destructive impulses are expressed against others in the
form of aggression
Aggression occurs when people are blocked from
reaching their goals
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9. Aggression
Trait approach’s explanation
Focusses on individual differences and the stability of
aggressive behavior
Aggressive children are most likely to become aggressive
adults
Biological approach’s explanation
Genetic predisposition towards aggression
Evolutionary theory
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10. Aggression
Humanistic approach’s explanation
People are basically good
Aggression arises when something interferes with
natural growth process
Inadequate basic needs, poor self-image
Behavioral/social approach’s explanation
People learn to be aggressive
Aggressive behavior that is rewarded will be repeated
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11. Aggression
Cognitive explanation
Certain cues in the environment trigger a network of
aggressive thoughts and emotions
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12. Depression
Psychoanalytic approach’s explanation
Depression is a result of holding unconscious feelings of
anger and hostility
Trait approach’s explanation
Focuses on identifying depression-prone individuals
Person’s general emotional level at present can
indicate that person’s emotions in the future
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13. Depression
Biological approach’s explanation
Certain people inherit a genetic susceptibility to
depression
Humanistic approach’s explanation
People frequently suffering from depression are those
who have low self-worth
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14. Depression
Behavioral/social approach’s explanation
Depression results from a lack of positive reinforcers in a
person’s life
Cognitive approach’s explanation
Depression depends on how people interpret their
inability to control events
Certain individuals use a depressive filter to interpret
and process information
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15. Personality and Culture
Cultural context influences an individual’s
personality
Individualistic cultures: Emphasize on individual
needs and accomplishments
Individuals perceive themselves as independent and
unique
Includes Northern European countries and the United
States
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16. Personality and Culture
Collectivist cultures: Emphasize on belonging to a
larger group
Family, tribe, or nation
Includes Asian, African, Central American, and South
American countries
Cultural context influences interpretation of an
individual's behavior
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17. Study of Personality: Theory
Genetic versus environmental influences
Biological and trait theorists argue that psychologists
fail to recognize the significance of inherited
predispositions
Psychoanalytic theorists emphasize innate needs and
unconscious behavior patterns
Humanistic, behavioral/social learning, and cognitive
theorists rarely emphasize inherited influences on
personality
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18. Position of the Six Approaches
to Personality on Three Theory
Issues
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