White tailed deer

1. White-tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus By Anthony Kessler

2. Whitetail deer terms Buck-Male deer Spike buck-two single horns and only a main beam that doesn’t split Button buck- yearling with no horns Doe- female deer Fawn- Deer with spots acting as camouflage breakup Scrape- scratching on the ground to attract breeding females; In my experience close to scrape is usually a rub or a snapped twig Rub- territorial marking of a tree and also to remove velvet

3. Buck in Velvet

4. Spike buck

5. Button buck: Pronounced knob's on forehead where the horns would be at.

6. Doe with fawn

7. Rub

8. Old Scrape Track found in scrape

9. Bedding area for 2 doe seen in later picture

10. Scat

11. Facts White-tailed deer grow up to 6ft to 7.75ft tall Lifespan of a captive deer 6 to 14 years Average lifespan of wild deer in Pennsylvania -3 ½ for a buck yet they are scarce in heavily hunted areas and doe is older Deer like a varying diet that is why they are called browsers

12. Habitat of Pennsylvania Farmland Large quantity of varying food sources Edge habitat Forests Most Favored habitat of a deer Diet of acorns and wild plants

13. Edge+ Farmland habitat: Close to cover and access to food sources

14. Forest

15. Suburban Land Broken up by small parks and recreational areas Variety of flowering plants and trees for food source Offer a lot of protection from hunting which is why larger bucks are found here but not much area for hiding City’s Little to no cover to offer for deer Low food Undesirable area for deer

16. Suburban

17. City/small town

18. CWD info and articles What is chronic wasting disease ? It is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy acts similar to Mad Cow Disease First found in Mule Deer over 30 years ago Disease believed to have evolved from Scrapie which is found in sheep Clinical Features: Adults: 17 months to >15 years Most 3-5 years Sex: males, females No strict seasonality Clinical duration: days to >1year, usually months Incubation period: min: ~17 months, max: unknown Signs are excessive drinking, urination, drooling, and salvation In postmortem examinations usually finds aspiration pneumonia

19. Deer with CWD

20. Pa. confirms 1st case of fatal deer disease The Associated Press Updated: 10/11/2012 09:47:30 PM EDT HARRISBURG, Pa.—The state's first case of chronic wasting disease has been found at a central Pennsylvania deer farm, and agriculture officials said Thursday they are working to prevent the fatal illness from spreading among animals. Officials have quarantined the property in New Oxford, Adams County, where a captive white-tailed deer tested positive for the neurological disease. Farms in Williamsport, Lycoming County, and Dover, York County, are also quarantined due to direct links to the infected deer. The animal died last month, and its owner submitted the carcass for testing as part of Pennsylvania's monitoring program for the illness, state veterinarian Craig Shultz told the Evening Sun of Hanover. Pennsylvania is the 23rd state to have a confirmed case of chronic wasting disease, which is deadly to deer, elk and moose, and can be spread among animals through bodily fluids. There is no evidence the infection can be transmitted to humans, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The sickness has not been found in the state's wild deer population, said Pennsylvania Game Commission Executive Director Carl G. Roe. " Concerns over (chronic wasting disease) should not prevent anyone from enjoying deer hunting and consuming meat from healthy animals." Roe said in a statement. Still , Roe said that hunters should shoot only healthy-looking animals, and take precautions like wearing rubber gloves when field-dressing their deer and washing thoroughly when finished. Symptoms of chronic wasting disease include weight loss, excessive salivation, increased drinking and urination, and abnormal behavior like stumbling, trembling and depression. There is no cure or vaccine. Public education and outreach efforts are being coordinated by a state task force that includes representatives of the departments of Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Health, as well as the Pennsylvania Game Commission and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. " Pennsylvania has an aggressive chronic wasting disease surveillance program and a strong response plan," state Agriculture Secretary George Greig said in a statement. Chronic wasting disease was first discovered in Colorado captive mule deer in 1967. Pennsylvania has conducted monitoring for the illness since 1998. Online: Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture: http:// www.agriculture.state.pa.us

21. Sightings September September 7 th , 2012 Temperature 50s clear and sunny Location: Behind house from climbing tree stand about 30ft up. Time 6:30-7:30; 5 doe –one was yearling with spots September 14 th , 2012 Temp. 50-60s clear and sunny Location: Behind house spooked as entering woods at 6:15 it was 4 doe; after that I went off to the barn to sit at the brush edge and saw 2 yearlings and 2 doe enter the field just before dark

22. November Sightings November 6 th , 2012 Temp. 20 time 7:15 out of area on Snyder lane farm; 1 doe Nov. 7 th , 2012 time 6:15 Location: corn field parallel to blueberry farm 4 doe along road eating corn Nov. 10 th , 2012 temp. 50 PGC sent out CWD letter; 3 doe at 6:15; 11 deer at 10:15; 3 more at 11:00 Nov. 11 th , 2012 clear sky temp. 39 3 doe at 5:15; 8 doe at 6:00 and 1 buck Nov 13 th , 2012 clear sky temp 39 3 doe at 5:15 8 doe at 6:00 1 Buck not sure of size Nov 22 nd , 2012 overcast sky with moon 14 deer total at about 5:00 Nov 23 rd , 2012 cloudy sky 1 doe and one 6-12 pt. buck at 9:30 spotting

23. Sighting areas

24. 2 Whitetail doe

25. Alfalfa grass favored food source of local deer

26. Apple trees seasonal food source

27. Funny thing with this picture before I took it less than 20ft was a bedded doe.

28. Trail camera pictures of a local Buck

29. Work Cited "Chronic Wasting Disease." Chronic Wasting Disease . Web. 09 Oct. 2012. <http://www.cwd-info.org/>. "Deer and Deer Management." Deer and Deer Management . Web. 09 Oct. 2012. <http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/deer/11949>. Gutschow, Gregg. Secrets of the Whitetail Pros . Minnetonka, MN: North American Hunting Club, 1998. Print. "Pennsylvania Symbols, Animal: White-tailed Deer." - SHG Resources . Web. 09 Oct. 2012. <http://www.shgresources.com/pa/symbols/animal/>. "White-tailed Deer - Odocoileus Virginianus." White-tailed Deer . Web . 09 Oct. 2012. <http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/whitetaileddeer.htm>. "White-Tailed Deer." National Geographic . Web. 09 Oct. 2012. <http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/white-tailed-deer/>.

30. Photo Citations "White-Tailed Deer." National Geographic. Web . 02 Dec. 2012. 2008 11-16 Little Buck Deer 1338.46 . 2008. Photograph. Flickr A Buck 2.93 . 2009. Photograph. Flickr, Ocean Shores, Washington. Craig, Lewis. Deer Head Cervus Elaphus . Photograph . Public Domain Image Picture Konig, Jennifer. Man Is in the Forest . 2011. Photograph. Flickr, Beacon Mills. Stag Deer . 2012. Photograph. BlogSpot, Google . Paskus, Laura. Deer with CWD . 2012. Kunm.org.