WSAT Lesson 1 - Introduction to Web Systems and Technologies.pdf

Web Systems and Technologies: A Comprehensive Overview
Web systems, the backbone of the modern digital world, are intricate networks of interconnected components that enable the creation, delivery, and consumption of information and services over the internet. These systems encompass a wide range of technologies, each playing a crucial role in shaping the digital landscape.

Core Components of Web Systems

Client-Side Technologies:

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): The fundamental building block of web pages, HTML defines the structure and content of a webpage using tags.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): Responsible for styling web pages, CSS controls the appearance of elements, including colors, fonts, layout, and more.
JavaScript: A programming language that adds interactivity and dynamic behavior to web pages. It can manipulate HTML elements, handle user interactions, and communicate with the server.
Server-Side Technologies:

Programming Languages: Languages like PHP, Python, Ruby, Java, and Node.js are used to build the server-side logic of web applications. They handle requests from clients, process data, and generate dynamic content.
Web Frameworks: Frameworks such as Laravel, Django, Ruby on Rails, Spring, and Express.js provide pre-built components and tools to streamline web development, improving efficiency and reducing development time.
Databases: Databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, and Oracle store and manage data used by web applications. They provide efficient retrieval and manipulation of information.
Networking and Protocols:

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): The foundation of the web, HTTP defines how clients and servers communicate. It handles the exchange of data, including requests and responses.
DNS (Domain Name System): Translates human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses, allowing users to access websites using familiar names.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): A suite of protocols that governs how data is transmitted over the internet, ensuring reliable and efficient communication.
Key Web Development Paradigms

Front-End Development: Focuses on creating the user interface of web applications, including the visual design and interactive elements. It primarily involves HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
Back-End Development: Deals with the server-side logic, handling data processing, database interactions, and application functionality. It often utilizes programming languages and web frameworks.
Full-Stack Development: Combines both front-end and back-end development, allowing developers to work on all aspects of a web application.  
Modern Web Trends and Technologies

Responsive Web Design: Creates websites that adapt to different screen sizes and devices, ensuring a seamless user experience across desktops, tablets, and smartphones.  
Single-Page Applications (SPAs): Web applications that load a single HTML page and dynamically update content using JavaScript, providing a more fluid

1. Lesson 1 – Web Systems and Technologies
Professional Lecturer