WWII Quick Facts and Causes of War

Miss Kelli's History Lessons during Quarantine

1. World War 2 2

2. Quick Facts of WW2 War cost US debt in 1940—$9 billion US debt in 1945—$98 billion The war cost $330 billion—10 times the cost of WW1 and as much as all previous federal spending since 1776 3

3. Quick Facts of WW2 Human Cost 50 million people died (compared to 15 million in WW1) 21.3 million Russians (7.7 million civilians ) 11 million died as a result of the Holocaust (6 million Jews & 5 million other) 4

4. Quick Facts of WW2 When? 1939-1945 US involvement 1941-1945 September 1, 1939—Germany invades Poland (official start to war) September 3, 1939—Britain & France declare war on Germany 5

5. Quick Facts of WW2 When? December 7, 1941—Japan bombs Pearl Harbor (US enters war) May 1945—Germany surrenders August 1945—Atomic bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki (Japanese surrender) 6

6. Quick Facts of WW2 Who? The Allies 1. Great Britain Winston Churchill 7

7. Quick Facts of WW2 Who? The Allies 2. USSR (Russia) Joseph Stalin “The enemy of your enemy is your friend” 8

8. Quick Facts of WW2 Who? The Allies 3. United States FDR (later Truman) 9

9. Quick Facts of WW2 Who? The Allies 4 . France (surrenders in 1940 to Germany after 6 weeks of fighting!) Charles de Gaulle –Leader of Free French Forces 10

10. Quick Facts of WW2 Who? Axis of Evil 1 . Germany Adolf Hitler 11

11. Quick Facts of WW2 Who? Axis of Evil 2. Italy Benito Mussolini 12

12. Quick Facts of WW2 Who? Axis of Evil 3. Japan Hideki Tojo & Emperor Hirohito 13

13. The Big Three: Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin 14

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15. Quick Facts of WW2 Why? (Causes of WW2) Treaty of Versailles Germany lost land to surrounding nations War reparations—paying off war debt Germany must pay $55 billion (modern equivalent) Bankrupted the German economy & embarrassed them 16

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17. Quick Facts of WW2 Why? (Causes of WW2) 2. World-wide Depression Depression made Germany’s debt even worse Desperate people turn to sketchy leaders Hitler seemed to provide solutions to Germany’s problems Hitler provided people to blame (foreigners, Jews, communists, Roma, mentally ill, homosexuals) Kristallnacht (Night of the Broken Glass)—vandalism & destruction of Jewish property 18

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20. Kristallnacht SPEECH DELIVERED IN COLOGNE SYNAGOGUE 9 November 1978 A Plea for Honesty and Tolerance by Helmut Schmidt, former Chancellor, West Germany Mr. Federal President Dear citizens of Cologne, Dear Jews, Christians and Free-Thinkers in Germany, The German night, whose observance after the passage of forty years has brought us together today, remains a cause of bitterness and shame. In those places where the houses of God stood in flames, where a signal from those in power set off a train of destruction and robbery, of humiliation, abduction and incarceration - there was an end to peace, to justice, to humanity. The night of 9 November 1938 marked one of the stages along the path leading down to hell... 21

21. Quick Facts of WW2 Why? (Causes of WW2) 3. Rise of Totalitarian Regimes In a totalitarian country, national needs are more important than individual needs 22

22. Government totally controls everything 23

23. Italian army German army 24

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25. Quick Facts of WW2 Why? (Causes of WW2) 4 . Isolationism from major problems Why was the US isolationists? Great Depression Bad feelings about WW1 Pacifism—opposition to war 26

26. Quick Facts of WW2 Why? (Causes of WW2) 4 . Isolationism from major problems This led to policies of “Appeasement” Appeasement —give dictators what they want & hope they don’t want anything else Japan invades Manchuria Italy invades Ethiopia Continues with Hitler 27

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