Zero Waste Philippines Recycling and Material Sustainability Programs

Zero Waste Philippines Recycling and Material Sustainability Programs

1. ZERO WASTE PHILIPPINES Recycling and materials sustainability programs Ambisyon 2030

2. Law on Solid Waste and Status

3. AN ACT PROVIDING FOR AN ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, CREATING THE NECESSARY INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS AND INCENTIVES, DECLARING CERTAIN ACTS PROHIBITED AND PROVIDING PENALTIES, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES OBJECTIVE of the LAW The over-all principle and objective of R.A. 9003 is that all waste should be brought to where they can be resources again - the recyclables to factories and the biodegradables either used as animal feed or composted for soil enhancement. Only materials that currently cannot be composted or recycled should go to the landfills. The implementing rules and regulations of R.A. No. 9003 are contained in DENR Administrative Order No. 2001-34 Republic Act No. 9003 “ Ecological Solid Waste Management Act 2000 ”

4. Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 Mandatory segregation at source; (Section 21 RA 9003) Mandatory segregated collection; (Section 1 Rule X, IRR) Mandatory waste diversion goal of at least 25%; (section 20 RA9003) Establishment of Materials Recovery Facilities; (section 32 RA 9003) Closure of Open and Controlled Dumpsites by 2006 REDUCE RECYCLE RECOVER REUSE (Include COMPOSTING) (Repair, Refurbish, Recondition) (Waste Avoidance, Prevention, Minimization) (Treatment) Residual Mgmt Waste Hierarchy MOST …… Preferred Option …… LEAST AVOID (Avoid Generating Waste in the first Place)

5. BIODEGRADABLE RECYCLABLE RESIDUAL BIODEGRADABLE RECYCLABLE RESIDUAL Recyclable Dealers

6. HAZARDOUS MEDICAL RESIDUAL HAZARDOUS MEDICAL Waste (Infectious & Pathological) BULKY SPECIAL WASTE DENR ACCREDITED https://slideplayer.com/slide/13947550/85/images/46/LAND+DISPOSAL-DEEP+BURIAL.jpg

7. Philippine Solid Waste Situation (RA9003) Indicator National Metro Manila Waste generation 2019 projected 44,610 tons/day 10,078 tons/day 111,526,230 tons/ yr 14,194,011 tons/ yr Per capita 0.32 – 0.71 0.71 Source: DENR-EMB-SWMD, 2014 State of the Brown Environment Report, NSWMC adopted

8. NSWMC initiatives at a glance… Food Waste Management Program Composting Guidelines Developed Animal Feeds Backyard Composting Centralized Composting Energy Recovery Arts & Crafts Alternative Technologies (i.e. Construction Materials like hollow blocks, eco-bricks, lumber, roads) Energy Recovery (RDF, Fuel, Electricity) Hazardous Waste Management at City/Municipality Centers (DENR) Medical Waste Management Program (DOH) Treated and Bulky Waste Proper SLF Disposal Increased Recovery for Recycling Rates Promote Consumption shift (Disposables to Recyclables)

9. LGU Compliance Updates (RA9003)

10. Marine Debris

11. Marine Debris

12. SINGLE USE PLASTICS… To ban or not to ban

13. “The President floated the idea to ban the use of plastics, which according to him would require legislative action,”

14. The DOF and CCC fully support legislative measures for a phase out of single-use plastics and for extended producer’s responsibility that will cover large-scale collection, sorting, and recycling or reusing of plastics.

15. QC Ordinance of Single Use Plastic Coverage: Dine in – Hotels and Restaurants Reusable OK Disposable regardless of material Feb 15 2020 implementation moved to July 1 2020 and postponed due to COVID19 Metro Manila Las Piñas , Paranaque, Pasay, Pasig, Makati, Muntinlupa , and Quezon City combined population of around  6.5 million residents , or around half the population of Metro Manila Others Bacolod City, Baguio, Boracay , and El Nido in Palawan. Public markets in San Fernando, La Union, Negros Occidental (all government offices in the province), 11 towns in Pangasinan have (dry goods)

16. GLOBAL MOVEMENT AGAINST SINGLE-USE PLASTIC FANNING COUNTRY OPPOSITION UN ENVIRONMENT adopted two resolutions in UNEA4 Marine Litter Resolution UNEA-4 SUP (Single Use Plastic) pollution EUROPEAN UNION legislation mandating tethered caps , and fiscal penalties if 90% beverage packaging recovery rates are not achieved (via CDS or EFPR). FRANCE announced up to 10% surcharge on packaging made of virgin resin, to be implemented in 2019. MALAYSIA has implemented a 20c pollution charge on plastic bags. ASEAN Member Countries discussing EPR-based measures FOR REFERENCE

17. THE PLASTIC WASTE ISSUE: 2020 SITUATIONER GLOBAL MOVEMENT AGAINST SINGLE-USE PLASTIC FANNING COUNTRY OPPOSITION MAJOR LEGISLATIVE HEADWINDS ARE WAITING IN THE 18 TH CONGRESS 53 LOCAL ORDINANCES BEING IMPLEMENTED AND PROPOSED THAT WOULD POTENTIALLY SNOWBALL TO NATIONAL POLICY DENR BECOMING MORE STRIDENT AGAINST SINGLE-USE PLASTICS – PENDING A FINAL DEFINITION ADVERSARIAL NGOS RAMPING PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT EFFORTS AGAINST PRIVATE SECTOR PLAYERS UNEP EU FRANCE MALAYSIA OTHER ASEAN Countries 15 BILL PROPOSALS IN 17 TH CONGRESS (4 MAIN LEGISLATORS driving efforts and influence ) 46 BILLS & 2 RESOLUTIONS IN 18 TH CONGRESS Covers 53 CITIES AND PROVINCES WITH VARIOUS ORDINANCES (as of 2019) DRAFT OF A PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICY AND ACTION PLAN ON MARINE PLASTIC LITTER DENR DAO Banning Single Use Plastics GREENPEACE WWF GAIA BFFP (Break Free from Plastics) MOTHER EARTH FOUNDATION ECOWASTE COALITION

18. Overview: EU Single-Use Plastics Directive FOR REFERENCE

19. In Detail: EU Ban ON SINGLE-USE PLASTICS Market restriction: banning certain items for which affordable alternatives exist Consumption reduction: requiring member states to achieve a ‘significant reduction’ in the consumption, ( eg. By setting national targets, making alternative products available to consumers, or ensuring plastic products cannot be provided free of charge) Separate collection: requiring member states to ensure collection, for example through deposit refund schemes Product design: requiring single-use plastics drinks containers and bottles to have their caps and lids attached Extended producer responsibility: requiring member states to ensure that EPR schemes are established. For example, producers would cover the costs of waste management and clean-up, as well as awareness raising measures Labelling: requiring certain items to bear a label indicating how items should be disposed of, the negative environmental impact of inappropriate disposal, and the presence of plastics in the product Awareness raising: requiring member states to raise consumers’ awareness about available re-use systems and waste management options as well as about the negative impacts of inappropriate disposal (polystyrene) (polystyrene) FOR REFERENCE

20. RA 9003, Article 4, Section 29 Non-Environmentally Acceptable Products. -- Within one (1) year from the effectivity of this Act, the Commission shall, after public notice and hearing, prepare a list of non-environmentally acceptable products as defined in this Act that shall be prohibited according to a schedule that shall be prepared by the Commission: Provided, however, That non-environmentally acceptable products shall not be prohibited unless the Commission first finds that there are alternatives available which are available to consumers at no more than ten percent (10%) greater cost than the disposable product.

21. DAO 01-34, Rule XII, Section 5 The Commission should decide on the basis of a set of criteria , which products or packaging are non-environmentally acceptable. Provided, that this criteria is regularly reviewed to ensure its appropriateness and accuracy, in light of scientific and technical progress, and of the experience gained in this area . Prohibiting non-environmentally acceptable products, any decision to prohibit certain packaging types and products must be supported by available scientific, environmental, technical and economic information and technical studies through, but not limited to life cycle assessment and economic analysis . Provided that the Commission consults representatives from affected industries and subject to public notice and hearing.

22. Results: Ideal Scenario

23. 39 Mill t/a 144 Mill t/a Alternative materials x 3,7 Total mass for same funct. Units 4.940 Mill GJ/a 7.230 Mill GJ/a +46% Alternative materials (incl. not subst. plastics) Energy consumption in total life-cycle All plasticproducts Subst. Plastics 46,4 Mill. t incl. not substitutable plastic products 240 Mill t/a 360 Mill t/a +50% GHG emissions in total life-cycle Alternative materials (incl. not subst. plastics) All plasticproducts Effect of Substitution of Plastics on Mass , Energy Consumption and GHG Emissions

24. 27 Information on the impact of plastics on energy consumption and CO 2 emissions Production Use End of life Energy CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 Energy Energy Raw materials Products Packaging Housing Transportation Improved production efficiency Production emissions reduction Improved product design with plastics Lighter, more efficient products with plastics Preserved food by plastic packaging Reduced land-fill Recycling operations Energy reclamation Recycle / Energy conversion

25. The Market https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/how-many-islands-are-there-in-the-philippines.html 7,641 islands 2,000 inhabited https://rappler.com/voices/thought-leaders/who-are-middle-class Income Distribution by Income Group and by Urban/Rural Classification Major Source of Income by Income Group, 2012  

26. Reducing plastic wastes through circular economy ~ Implications towards SDG 12 & SDG 14, NINTH REGIONAL 3R FORUM IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC, 4-6 MARCH 2019, BANGKOK, THAILAND Presentation Source: Kakuko Nagatani -Yoshida, UN Environment Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific

27. OUR CHOICE OUR RESPONSIBILITY MAKE IT RIGHT MAKE IT AN INFORMED CHOICE

28. Philippines faces 'high' level of water shortage in 2040 – World Resources Institute study http://www.wri.org/sites/default/files/aqueduct-water-stress-country-rankings-technical-note.pdf

29. PAPER PLASTIC GLASS STEEL/AL Recyclables

30. Single Use Plastic Choices – Beverage Plastic PET Imported Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Recyclable (exported) ** Local recycling facility announced ** Eliminate colors for increased recyclability Glass Local/Recycled Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Recyclable Washing and Wastewater treatment Required Increased Cost High Green House Gas Emission on transport Reusable Mostly imported Washing and Wastewater treatment Required Access to Potable Drinking Water should be in place Refill system challenges

31. Single Use Plastic Choices – Food Trays Plastic PS Foam Locally Produced Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Recyclable if Recovered Paper Coated or Laminated Imported Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Not locally recycled Reusable Food Trays Locally Produced Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Washing and Wastewater treatment Required Compostable Plastics Imported Raw Material Imported/limited Local Supply Industrial Composting Facility Required/ Disposable Banana Leaves Locally Available Raw Material Limited Supply Utility concerns Compostable with other Food Waste

32. Single Use Plastic Choices – cutleries Plastic PS Locally Produced Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Recyclable (with Rigids / Sibakin ) Wood Imported Raw Material Limited Supply Compostable/ Disposable Reusable Locally Converted/ Manufactured or Imported Washing and Wastewater treatment Required Compostable Plastics Imported Raw Material Imported/limited Local Supply Industrial Composting Facility Required/ Disposable ** Contaminates Recycling System Hands Utility concerns

33. Single Use Plastic Choices – sachets Laminated Plastic Predominantly Locally Produced Raw Material + Imported content Locally Converted/ Manufactured Alternative Recycling ** Shift to mono-multilayer material increases recycling options (under study) Laminated Paper (with Aluminum) Imported Raw Material Limited Supply, Barrier concerns Disposable Refill Option Locally Produced Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Concerns on adaptability of low income class Washing and Wastewater treatment Required Affect Recycling Hands? Utility concerns

34. Single Use Plastic Choices – Take Out PP Microwavable Containers Locally Produced Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Reusable & Recyclable Paper Coated or Laminated Imported Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Not locally recycled Reusable Food Containers Locally Produced Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Washing and Wastewater treatment Required Plastic Bags Locally Produced Raw Material Locally Converted/ Manufactured Limited to no Recycling due to contaimination Banana Leaves Locally Available Raw Material Limited Supply Utility concerns Compostable with other Food Waste

35. Objective: “Develop & Implement a Holistic & Comprehensive Program to Increase Resource Recovery & Reduce Landfill Dependence towards Zero Waste ” Concept Adopted: Full Waste Recovery and Recycling program (NSWMC resolution adopting the program) Philippine Alliance for RECYCLING and Material Sustainability

36. investing Partners technology Partners Academe & CiviL society Partners INDUSTRY GROUP Partners Recyclables & Renewables CORPORATE MEMBERS

37. PARMS Initiatives

38. Launching of PARMS Zero Waste to Nature 26 & 31 January 2020

39. Sub Sector by Product Type Groupings

40. PARMS 4R Approach: Single Use Applications

41. UNMANAGED WASTE RECOVERY AND COLLECTION PRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION Systems Map Imported Goods Products & Packaging Domestic Production Products & Packaging TOTAL DEMAND WASTE GENERATION REUSABLE RECYCLABLE/RESIDUAL with Potential RESIDUAL for Disposal RECYCLABLE Litter Illegal Dump Open Burn FORMAL Collection INFORMAL Collection NO Collection RECYCLING SANITARY LANDFILL DISPOSAL Chemical Conversion Monomers & Hydrocarbons CLOSED LOOP Mechanical Recycling OPEN LOOP Mechanical Recycling TREATMENT RDF REFUSE DERIVED FUEL (Cement co-processing) W2F Fuel Fractions from Chemical Conversion WTE Thermal Treatment with Energy Recovery MARINE LITTER Asphalt Roads Construction – Cement Bricks Mixed Plastic to Lumber – (school chairs), etc. Source Segregated Mixed Dry Material Specific Arts, Crafts, Ecobrick Bottles, Others Project Incentived MARKET FOR RECYCLED MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS WITH RECYCLED CONTENT Alternative or Emerging Technology Mixed Plastic % Filler to Pallets, Crates & Moulded Products Infrastructure Needed Legend: Emerging and innovative technologies Under Development

42. Project Objectives: Developed with all stakeholders and applicable to local conditions

43. 43% 13% 29% 7% Co-processing Recycling to Plastic Products Waste-to-Fuel Plastic-Asphalt Roads Chemical Recycling Labeling of Packaging based on Structure Diversion Output-based EPR Diversion Rate Roadmap Considerations: 1. Recovery + Recycling/Waste Processing 2. Packaging Shift timeline 3. Nationwide Implementation 4. Invest in pilot capacity then grow through time. 5. Increasing volume of products to meet demand 6. Impacts of the Pandemic Assumptions: Output-based EPR in place Packaging Labelling in place Feedstock security with LGUs in place 20% 50% 100% Acceleration 80%

44. Waste Diverters WD1 WD2 WD3 Market WDC: How it works: Waste Footprint Offset Certificate e.g. 50% offset; halfway through zero waste to nature status Waste Footprint Owners FMCGs QSRs Retail Commercial Establishments Waste Footprint Scope 1 / Scope 2 / Scope 3 e.g. 100MT Verification & Certification Certification Bodies e.g. Green Choice Ph WASTE DIVERSION CREDITS e.g. 100 MT Buy Credits LGUs, NGOs, Green Antz , Sentinel, Villar Sipag Foundation, Envirotech , Cement Co., PCEx , Plastic Bank, The Plaf , World Vision, etc.

45. What can we do?

46. Develop a SWM Plan Know your waste – WACS (Waste Analysis and Characterization Study) Where are you now? Set your BASELINE Where do you want to be… Set your TARGETS MOST IMPORTANT!!! How do you get there… Develop your STRATEGIES

47. Biodegradables

48. The PAPER Industry The pulp and paper industry sector in the Philippines consists of 46 mills with a combined production of 1,120,000 tons of pulp, paper and board per year (2002).

49. Selected White Ledger (SWL) Old Corrugated Carton (OCC) Old News Paper (ONP) Old Magazines / Coated Mixed Waste (MW) Puting Papel , Bond Paper, Book Paper, Copy Paper na may sulat or imprenta Lumang Karton , Paper Bag, Brown Envelope, Folder, o packaging na gawa sa kraft na papel Lumang Dyaryo , Broadsheet, Tabloid, Textbook, Notebook, Pad Paper, Libro na gawa sa newsprint na papel Lumang Magasin , Leaflet, Pamphlets, Flyers Colored paper, mga produkto o packaging na gawa sa papel na hindi kasama sa ibang kategorya PUTI KARTON DYARYO MIXED COATED Uri ng Papel

50. Mga halimbawa nang hindi tinatanggap sa pag -recycle: Thermal paper Carbon paper Waxed paper Photo paper Scented paper Basa or papel na may grasa Papel na nadumihan ng pagkain Gamit na tissue IMPORTANTE

51. Mga paghahanda bago dalhin sa recycling center Itali o ilagay sa plastic/ sako ng sama sama PAALALA Tanggalin ang mga bagay tulad ng staple, wire, binder, plastic window, tape Siguraduhing tuyo at malinis ang papel bago dalhin sa recycling center IMPORTANTE May katumbas na bawas sa timbang ang pagdala ng papel na basa o madumi

52. PLASTIC RECYCLING

53. Bottles, plastic lumber applications. Three and five gallon reusable water bottles, some citrus juice and catsup bottles. Dependent on resin or combination of resins Other . Use of this code indicates that the package in question is made with a resin other than the six listed above, or is made of more than one resin listed above, and used in a multi-layer combination. Thermometers, light switch plates, thermal insulation, egg cartons, vents, desk trays, rulers, license plate frames, foam packing, foam plates, cups, utensils Compact disc jackets, food service applications, grocery store meat trays, egg cartons, aspirin bottles, cups, plates, cutlery. Versatility, insulation, clarity, easily formed Polystyrene (PS). Polystyrene is a versatile plastic that can be rigid or foamed. General purpose polystyrene is clear, hard and brittle. It has a relatively low melting point. Typical applications include protective packaging, containers, lids, cups, bottles and trays. Automobile battery cases, signal lights, battery cables, brooms, brushes, ice scrapers, oil funnels, bicycle racks, rakes, bins, pallets, sheeting, trays. Catsup bottles, yogurt containers and margarine tubs, medicine bottles Strength, toughness, resistance to heat, chemicals, grease and oil, versatile, barrier to moisture. Polypropylene (PP). Polypropylene has good chemical resistance, is strong, and has a high melting point making it good for hot-fill liquids. PP is found in flexible and rigid packaging to fibers and large molded parts for automotive and consumer products. Shipping envelopes, garbage can liners, floor tile, furniture, film and sheet, compost bins, paneling, trash cans, landscape timber, lumber Dry cleaning, bread and frozen food bags, squeezable bottles, e.g. honey, mustard. Ease of processing, strength, toughness, flexibility, ease of sealing, barrier to moisture. Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE).Used predominately in film applications due to its toughness, flexibility and relative transparency, making it popular for use in applications where heat sealing is necessary. LDPE is also used to manufacture some flexible lids and bottles and it is used in wire and cable applications Packaging, loose-leaf binders, decking, paneling, gutters, mud flaps, film and sheet, floor tiles and mats, resilient flooring, cassette trays, electrical boxes, cables, traffic cones, garden hose, mobile home skirting. Clear food and non-food packaging, medical tubing, wire and cable insulation, film and sheet, construction products such as pipes, fittings, siding, floor tiles, carpet backing and window frames.. Versatility, clarity, ease of blending, strength, toughness, resistance to grease, oil and chemicals. Vinyl (Polyvinyl Chloride or PVC): In addition to its stable physical properties, PVC has excellent chemical resistance, good weatherability, flow characteristics and stable electrical properties. The diverse slate of vinyl products can be broadly divided into rigid and flexible materials. Bottles and packaging sheet are major rigid markets, but it is also widely used in the construction market for such applications as pipes and fittings, siding, carpet backing and windows. Flexible vinyl is used in wire and cable insulation, film and sheet, floor coverings synthetic leather products, coatings, blood bags, medical tubing and many other applications. Liquid laundry detergent, shampoo, conditioner and motor oil bottles; pipe, buckets, crates, flower pots, garden edging, film and sheet, recycling bins, benches, dog houses, plastic lumber, floor tiles, picnic tables, fencing. Milk, water, juice, cosmetic, shampoo, dish and laundry detergent bottles; yogurt and margarine tubs; cereal box liners; grocery, trash and retail bags. Stiffness, strength, toughness, resistance to chemicals and moisture, permeability to gas, ease of processing, and ease of forming. High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). HDPE is used to make bottles for milk, juice, water and laundry products. Unpigmented bottles are translucent, have good barrier properties and stiffness, and are well suited to packaging products with a short shelf life such as milk. Because HDPE has good chemical resistance, it is used for packaging many household and industrial chemicals such as detergents and bleach. Pigmented HDPE bottles have better stress crack resistance than unpigmented HDPE bottles. Fiber, tote bags, clothing, film and sheet, food and beverage containers, carpet, strapping, fleece wear, luggage and bottles. Plastic soft drink, water, sports drink, beer, mouthwash, catsup and salad dressing bottles. Peanut butter, pickle, jelly and jam jars. Ovenable film and ovenable prepared food trays. Clarity, strength, toughness, barrier to gas and moisture, resistance to heat Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET, PETE). PET is clear, tough, and has good gas and moisture barrier properties. Commonly used in soft drink bottles and many injection molded consumer product containers. Other applications include strapping and both food and non-food containers. Cleaned, recycled PET flakes and pellets are in great demand for spinning fiber for carpet yarns, producing fiberfill and geo-textiles. Nickname: Polyester. Products Applications Recycled Packaging Properties Descriptions R E S I N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N C O D E S

54. Bailed/ Washed/ Grinded/ Pelletized for EXPORT B2B Technology

55. PE, PP, PS, Other Rigids “ Sibakin ” Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Polystyrene and Other “Hard Plastic” used in rigid applications such as cutleries, tables & chairs, PE pipes, bottles & closures, pallets, crates, drums etc.

56. PE or PP Films and Bags Polyethylene & Polypropylene “Flexibles” products which are used in flexible applications such as bags, liners, and other single or mono-component soft plastics.

57. QSR Waste Reduction Program of POLYTRADER

58. GRINDING & PELLETIZING SORTING PROCESSING Trash Bags, among others Mechanical Recycling for PLASTICS RECYCLED or PELLETIZED PLASTIC

59. 1 2 3 4 PSP/FOAM PS/EPS FOAM RECYCLING

60. Electronic Glass Light bulbs contain many metal elements and a range of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium and should be disposed of by specialist companies Glass Oven Ware: glass bowls, cups, dishes or jugs Pyrex® or Vision Ware® 10% boric oxide added to the basic glass to withstand very high temperatures and rapid changes from hot to cold. Borosilicate glass does not fully melt in the furnaces

61. Residuals (Alternative Technologies)

62. Residuals (Treatment/Energy Recovery) UPCOMING PROJECTS: QC Project Consortium: MPIC – COVANTA – MACQUAIRE JV with QC Gov PhP 15B investment, MBT (Mech. Bio. Treatment) + Stoker 35 yr concession agreement + 15 yrs ; 2200 TPD, MOEJ ( Envi . Ministry Japan) Davao Waste to Worth Project Pampanga, Laguna & Dagupan Projects

63. Bio Waste (Treatment/Energy Recovery) FOR BIODEGRADABLE WASTE: Methane Recovery for Waste Generation Landfill Gas conversion MBT (Mech. Bio. Treatment)

64. Residuals (Treatment/Energy Recovery) FOR RESIDUAL WASTE: Gasification or Pyrolysis for fuel conversion Stoker System for heat and electricity Air Pollution Control must be in place to meet Emission Standards

65. Localizing applications for Packaging with Recycled Content Coca-Cola switches to 100% rPET bottles PepsiCo to use 50% recycled plastic in its bottles by 2030 UNILEVER TO BOOST RECYCLED PLASTIC IN PACKAGING P&G Makes First Recyclable Shampoo Bottle from Beach Plastic

66. Enhancing markets for Recycled Products (with flexible packaging/sachet inputs)

67. www.denr.gov.ph/nswmc NSWMC Vice Chair/Commissioner (Recycling Sector) [email protected] PARMS (Recycling Alliance) President [email protected] Crispian Lao Philippine Alliance for Recycling & Material Sustainability