Zoology First Year Important Questions | Exam Tips and Tricks

zoology first year improtant questions - Kerala Syllabus Higher Secondary . Watch the video for answers and discussions https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8qkmi2Zm8Y0LOMn8KXG6l8yHXwV1RilA

1. IMPORTANT QUESTIONS – FIRST YEAR ZOOLOGY PREETHY KS

2. THE LIVING WORLD- Weightage : 1 FILL UP THE TAXONOMIC CATEGORIES IN ORDER . 2. Identify the taxonomical aids from the given description. 1. Preserved dead plat or animal specimens 2. Enclosed Area protected to kept animals 3. Area to grow plants with scientific labelling 4. Store house of dead plant specimens . 5. Pair of couplet.. Which are the two terms used in BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE ? Depict laws& examples of it ? 4. Name father of taxonomy? Write his two contributions ? Elaborate ICZN, ICBN? 6. Select key words for the followings rom given data : 1. Information of names of species in an area. 2. Actual account on habits & distribution of plants of a given area 3. Information of any one taxon 4. List containing details of organisms arranged systematically 7. FATHER OF ZOOLOGY IS ……..

3. FATHER OF ZOOLOGY

4. ANIMAL KINGDOM - Weightage 6 Marks. 1. Important features of some animal groups are given . Identify the Phylum & write 2 examples to that phylum. ( 1. Spiny skin & Water vascular system, 2.Radula & Mantle , 3. C nidoblast & tentacles 4. Comb plates & Biolumniscence 5. Jointed legs & Chitinous cuticle 6. Metamerism & Nephridia Water canal system help sponges in many ways. Explain the system.? Following are various excretory organs of some animals. Find them? ( 1. Kidney 2. Flame cells 3. Nephridia 4. Proboscis gland ) POLYP MEDUSA is a phenomenon present among some of the cnidarians. Give a single word to this. Explain the mechanism with Eg .? Based on symmetry classify the following animals ? ( Hydra , Spongilla , Crab , Starfish ) Parapodia , Ommatidia , Trachea , are some organs in different animals. Identify them and write the function? 7. Find Parasites from the given list & Write about their adaptations for life. [ Planaria , Liver fluke , Neries , Ascaris ]

5. ANIMAL KINGDOM …………… 8. In the given schematic diagram of Phylum chordata mark its four salient features.? Two group of fishes are given.Identify their groups. Distinguish them with any four features? 10. Following are some adaptations present in various classes of Vertebrates. Identify them and write one example for those vertebrates.? { 1. Moist skin without scales, 2. Powerful muscles a with pneumatic bone 2. Cornified skin & without glands 4. Streamlined body with scales} 11. Mammals are widely distributed all over world. Site any 4 examples to prove this ? Give any 4 distinct features of this class. ?

6. STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS- Weightage 4 Score Functions of certain tissues are given, Identify the tissues { 1. Fat storing 2. Bind bones together 3. Conduct impulses 4. Bind bone to muscle } Make matching pairs from the given list and state reason.? ( Myelin sheath, Chondrocytes, Intercalated disc, Osteocyte, Bone, Cartilage , Cardiac muscle, Neuron ) You observe a tissue under microscope, and identified it as Striated muscle. Give any two points to justify your observation. Glands are secretary structures made of epithelium. Which are the two types of glands ? Write difference ? 5. Make a schematic representation of connective tissue with the given terms. { Areolar , Loose , Dense, Specialised, Bone , Dense regular Dense irregular , Cartilage, Adipose }

7. STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS…….. Write the type of epithelium find in following tissues of our body ? 1. Fallopian tube 2. Alveoli 2. Stomach wall 3. Buccal cavity 8.Some features of cockroach are given. Classify them as Male & Female . { Abdomen is long and thin. / Anal style absent / Brood pouch present/ Large thick fatty abdomen / Anal style present / Brood pouch absent } 9. Write difference between : BLOOD & LYMPH

8. Dense regular

9. BIOMOLECULES Weightage : 3 Marks Name the monomers and bonds present in following biomolecules? { Nucleoside , Starch, Protein, Lipid } Name the chemical bonds present in the followings : 1. Between amino acids in the protein. 2. Between sugar and phosphate of nucleic acid. 3. Between two polynucleotide chains of DNA. 4. Between many glucose molecules of Polysaccharides. 3. What are the building blocks of proteins? Why they are considered as hetero polymers ? E+S >>>> ES >>> EP >>> E + P a) What do you understand from the given sequence of enzyme action ? b) Mention any two factors controlling it ? a) Identify the level of following protein structures. A & B b)Which one is most suitable to act as enzymes / Give reason ? A B

10. BIOMOLECULES ………. 7. What are gums made of ? Is fevicol different ? Name the followings ? a) The most abundant protein in animal world ? b) The most abundant protein in the whole biosphere ? c) The class of enzyme which link two compounds ? d) The fastest enzyme ? 9. Following are two terms describes enzyme action. Explain how ? Activation energy & Optimum temperature 10. Name any two classes of enzymes ?

11. E+S>ES>EP>E+P LEVELS OF PROTEINS OPTIMUM

12. DIGESTION & ABSORPTION - Weightage : 2 Marks Write the dental formula of man? Name the terms used in it ? Observe the diagram of gut wall and Label four layers ? 3. Which are different digestive glands and their main secretions ? 4. Write the role of following enzymes ? Gastric peptidase , Salivary amylase , Pancreatic lipase , Carboxy peptidase. 5. What are proteases ? Why they are synthesised as inactive form ? 6. Name any 4 proteases and write their role ? 7. Micelle and Chylomicron are two steps involved in lipid absorption . Explain How ? 8. Kwashiorkar & Marasmus are two nutrient deficiency disorders. Identify the deficient nutrients ? In the diagram of villi label the parts involved in absorption of lipids and glucose? 10.Name the salivary glands and write the enzymes present in their secretions?

13. PROTEASES PEPSIN RENNIN CARBOXYPEPTIDASE TRYPSIN CHYMOTRYPSIN ENTEROKINASE AMINOPEPTIDASE DIPEPTIDASE I 2/2, c1/1, pm2/2, m3/3 DIGESTIVE GLANDS VILLI- SECTIONAL VIEW GUT- TRANSVERSE SECTION

14. BREATHING & EXCHANGE OF GASES_ Weightage : 2 Marks Arrange the following parts in order of movement of air through it . { Alveoles , Nostrils, Trachea, Larynx, Secondary bronchi, Teritiary bronchi, Primary bronchi , Glottis, Pharynx, Nasal chambers, } 2. Name the followings : a)An instrument to measure volume of air involved in breathing movements. b) A thin walled tube which kept open always by C- shaped rings of cartilage. c) An enzyme take part in Carbon dioxide transport . d) An irreversible destructive disorder to loss elasticity of alveoles . e) A nerve centre in pons to regulate depth of breaths . Expand the following , & Give a note on it ? a) TV , IRV, ERV , RV , VC, TLC

15. BREATHING & EXCHANGE OF GASES_ Weightage : 2 Marks Oxyhaemoglobin ( Oxygen + Hb ) a) Where does the process takes place ? b) What are the factors that influence Oxygen dissociation curve ? By which method 70 % of CO 2 is carried through blood ? Explain with a diagram.? Which type graph is obtained when plot partial pressure of oxygen against % saturation of Haemoglobin ? What are the factors effecting this pattern of graph? a) Name the biological process involved in the Exchange of gases take palce in lungs . b) Write the partial pressure of O 2 & CO 2 in alveoli ? c) Write the favourable conditions in alveoli for the association of oxyhaemoglobin ?

16. Pulmonary volumes TV = 500ml in 1 breath 1RV = 2500 ml ERV = 1000 ml VC = 4100ml RV = 1100 ml TLC =5200 ml VC = TV+ ERV + IRV TLC = VC + RV Spirometer

17. BODY FLUIDS & CIRULATION. Weightage : 3 Marks. Make a schematic representation of composition of blood. Name the followings : a) A disorder due to Rh factor incompatiability of pregnant mother. b) Antibody present in plasma of O group person . c) A mineral element required for blood coagulation process. d) An instrument to detect heart sounds Following are some events occurs normally when a blood vessel is injured . Arrange them in order. { a) Prothrombn is converted to Thrombin with Thromboplastin ., b) A network of fibrin threads are formed. , c) Thromboplastin is released from injured platelets . ,d) Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin with Thrombin. e) The clot seals the wound and stops bleeding. , f) The net work of fibrin threads trapped blood elements to form a clot. } SA node > AV node > Bundle of His > Purkinje fibre Is the flow chart of conducting system of heart beat. a) What is the other name of SA node ? Why it is so called ? b) Why human heart is myogenic ? 5. Blood flows through the heart twice for completing a circuit . Name such circulation. Make a diagrammatic representation of it.?

18. BODY FLUIDS & CIRULATION. Weightage : 3 Marks. Observe the relationship & fill up the blank. a) Closure of AV valves : Lub ; ………. : Dub b) Ventricular systole : Closure of AV valves ; ……… : Closure of Semilunar valves 7. Find the odd one out & write its function ? { Neutrophil , Lymphocyte , Basophil, Erythrocyte } 8. Immediately after the first delivery , doctor advised a lady to take anti Rh antibodies . a) Name the clinical condition? b) How does this condition occur ? 9. ECG is a diagnostic tool recommended by doctors in certain conditions. a) Expand ECG ? b) Name the waves in it which shows depolarisation of atria & re polarisation of ventricle? c) Write the significance of QRS complex ? 10. Write difference between Open & Closed circulatory system ? 11. Prepare a table showing the different blood groups with antigens and antibodies ?

19. EXCRETORY PRODUCTS & THEIR ELIMINATION- Weightage: 2 Which are the three types of excretions present among animals? Write differences between them , with examples. Name the followings: 1. Excretory organs of prawns. 2. The functional unit of kidney 3. The tuft of capillaries in bowman’s capsule. 4. The capillary network on Henle’s loop . Following are parts of Nephron. Arrange them in order. { PCT, Bowman’s capsule, Ascending limb of loop, Collecting duct Descending limb of loop , DCT } Write location and length of loop in two types of nephrons. Write a brief description about three steps of Urine formation.? 6. Elaborate the following terms: 1. GFR , 2. PCT, 3.DCT, 4 . JGA , 5. ANF 6. ADH 7. Glomerular filteration is called Ultrafilteration . Give reason ?

20. EXCRETORY PRODUCTS & THEIR ELIMINATION- Weightage: 2 8 . Categorise the following animals under appropriate headings based on the nature of nitrogenous wastes ? [ Birds , Aquatic amphibians , Land snails , Aquatic insects , Marine fishes Mammals , Reptiles , Bony fishes , Terrestrial amphibians ] 9. Counter current system plays an important role in concentrating urine. Name any two regions in the kidney , where such system is seen. ? 10. The functioning of human kidney is efficiently monitored by some hormones. a) Construct a flow chart showing this.? b) Name the hormone which act as a check on this mechanism. c) From where is it produced ? 11. Glycosuria & Ketonuria are two metabolic disorders caused in Diabetic patients. Define them? State a remedial condition for a patient suffering with Kidney disfunction ? 12 . If less water intake > More ADH produced > More water reabsorbed . Substantiate this with a person eliminate hypertonic urine during hot days.

21. BLOOD FLOW WITH LESS BLOOD PRESSURE RENIN ANGIOTENSINOGEN to ANGIOTENSIN 1 ANGIOTENSIN 2 ADRENAL GLAND ALDOSTERONE Na & Water absorption Blood volume increase Blood pressure increase Vasoconstriction Blood vessel narrows Blood pressure increase Dilate blood vessel & Decrease blood pressure KIDNEY ANF from HEART RAAS

22. LOCOMOTION & MOVEMENT -Weightage : 2 Marks 1. Primitive type of movements are usually performed by lower animals. Which are they ? Some human cells can also perform these type of movements . Justify? Name the type of movements seen in higher animals ? Following are some features present in the structure of skeletal muscle. Write a note on these . { Fascicle , Syncitium , Myofilaments , Sarcomere } Structural components of Actin & Myosin are given. Classify them . { F – Actin , Heavy Meromyosin , G- Actin , Light Meromyosin , Tropomyosin , Troponin } Different stages of muscle contraction are given. Arrange them in sequential order. { 1. Sarcoplasmic reticulum releases Ca ++ 2. Myosin head binds with actin to form cross bridge . 3. Neural signal from CNS reaches the neuromuscular junction. 4. Ca ++ binds with troponin. 5. Release of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction. 6. Tropomyosin displaced & active sites of F actin is exposed. 7. Cross bridge pulls actin filaments towards the centre of myosin.

23. MOVEMENT & LOCOMOTION ……….. 5. Name the theory of muscle contraction . ? Explain the changes ? 6.Fill up the blanks a) Muscle fatigue is due to ------- b) When comparing to white muscles …… has more myoglobin. 7. From the following terms make a schematic representation of divisions of skeletal system. { Axial skeleton , Skull , Sternum , Limb bones , Appendicular skeleton, Vertebral column , Ribs, Girdle } Select the bones of forelimb from the given list . { Femur , Tarsals , Radius , Humerus , Tibia , Ulna , Metacarpals } Name the type of joints between the following bones. ? ( a) Atlas & Axis , (b) Humerus & Pectoral girdle Classify the folowing under two divisions of girdles ? { Scapula , Ischium , Glenoid cavity , Ilium , Clavicle , Pubis, Acetabulum } Medical report of two patients by an orthopaedic surgeon is given below. Identify the disorders. a) Inflammation in joints due to accumulation of uric acid crystals . b ) Decreased bone mass & Increased chance of fracture .

24. NEURAL CONTROL & COORDINATION- Weightage: 3 marks Make a schematic chart showing divisions of neural system, ? Write differences between myelinated & non myelinated nerve fibre ? Which are the divisions of neurons based on no of axons & dendrites ? Arrange the following processes in nerve impulse conduction in order / { 1 ) Stimulus received & Stopping of the Na – K pump 2 ) Sudden heavy influx of Na & inner surface became more positive 3) More positively charged outer surface due to Na – K pump 4) Action potential of stimulated area affects the near by area 5) Development of action potential. 6 ) Sequence is repeated along the length of neuron.} Bursting of synaptic vesicle & Binding of neurotransmitter with post synaptic membrane are two events related with chemical synapse. Explain the role of synaptic vesicle & Neurotransmitter in it ? A resting membrane is + vely charged outside &- vely charged inside. How ? What is meant by action potential ? Classify the following terms in to two groups with proper headings . { Thalamus , Pons , Cerebellum , Corpora quadrigemina , Cerebrum , Medulla , Hypothalamus , Limbic system

25. NEURAL CONTROL & COORDINATION 8. Complete the chart of human neural system with the given words ? { CNS , PNS , Brain, ANS, SNS , SPINAL CORD ] What is meninges ? Which are the three layers of it ? Name the pathway of impulse in reflex action ? Write the parts in order of transmission. ? Retina of eye contain three layers of cells.Which are they ? Arrange them in order of impulse conduction through it ? 12. Fovea & Blind spot are two parts of eye. What are the differences between them ? 13.Prepare a flow chart showing the path way of sound waves during hearing process. ? Name the parts of ear that help in body balance ? 14. Name the followings. a) Photoreceptors ? b) Phonoreceptors ? 15. How do eye detects primary colours ?

26. Chemical Coordination & Integration . Weightage : 2 Marks Some endocrine glands are given. Write down the hormones produced from it ? Explain their role ? [ Testis , Thymus , Pineal gland } Any imbalance of hormones may cause diseases. Find out related hormones of following diseases ? { Diabetes insipidus , Gigantism , Goitre, Dwarfism , Diabetes mellitus , Immune deficiency } Antagonistic hormones are those doing opposite functions for maintaining homeostasis of body. Site any two examples and explain how ? Function of some hormones are given. Identify the hormones ? a) Regulation of BMR b) Differentiation of T cells c) Act on mammary gland to produce milk. d) Stimulate gluconeogenesis , Lipolysis , & Proteolysis

27. Chemical Coordination & Integration . Weightage : 2 Marks 5. Some events of mechanism of hormone action is given. Classify them under two headings depending on type of hormone . And write one example for each. a) Hormoe receptor complex is formed inside the cell b) Hormone receptor complex is formed on cell membrane. c) Hormone become the part of DNA & regulate cell actions. d) Hormone regulate cell actions by second messengers Write functions & site of production of following hormones ? a) Erythropoeitin b) Insulin c) ADH d ) Gonadotropins A pregnant lady is admitted in a hospital for delivery. But the delivery is delayed. A hormone injection was prescribed by a doctor. Which hormone is injected ? How does this hormone help in child birth ?