01 DROPS Awareness - DROPS CONSEQUENCES.pptx

Safety drop reliable

1. Dropped Object Awareness and Prevention WELCOME

2. THE CONSEQUENCES Injuries and Fatalities Still harming, STILL KILLING… for some sectors DROPS represents over 60% of all HiPo / Serious incidents Asset and Equipment Damage Dropped Objects cause damage to plant, equipment and critical systems. This includes the SEABED! Environmental Damage Spills, Loss of Containment Reputational Damage Not good for business…

3. PREVENTING DROPPED OBJECTS DROPS is an integral part of HSE Planning DROPS incorporated into Task Risk Assessments industry wide Customer and Industry ‘Prevention of Dropped Objects’ standards and guidance rolled out across well sites and supply chain DROPS Guidance documents are in circulation DROPS Forums and Focal Points worldwide Regular Hazard Hunts undertaken Inspections after every extreme activity or scenario…but do we need to revisit the basics? NOT JUST DRILLING!

4. DROPS Training DROPS Calculators Reliable Securing Awareness Posters Recommended Practice Best Practice Guidelines Tools at Height DROPS Red Zones Surveys and Inspections Cargo Handling Checklists and Prompts Webmail updates

5. Typical DROPS Management System (Content) Equipment Inventory Management Equipment Integrity (Reliable Securing) Maintenance (handover to Ops) Surveys and Inspections Safety Securing Devices Drops Zones Tools and Equipment at Height Lifting Operations Transportation and Logistics Personnel Requirements Pre-Task Planning Incident Reporting Governance

6. To raise awareness of potential dropped objects To understand and define what is a potential dropped object and how to identify the causes To explore methods for the control and prevention of dropped objects To recognise your personal responsibilities for the prevention of dropped objects Introduction : PURPOSE

7. WHAT IS A DROPPED OBJECT? Any object / item that falls from its previous position “ ” ALSO KNOWN AS: FALLING OBJECT; MATERIAL FALLING FROM HEIGHT; DROPPED FROM HEIGHT; FALLEN ITEM; LIFTING FAILURE; COLLAPSE; FAILURE OF FIXING

8. CLASSIFYING DROPPED OBJECTS STATIC DROPPED OBJECT (GRAVITY) DYNAMIC DROPPED OBJECT (GRAVITY + MOVING ENERGY) A solid object, initially at rest that falls from its original position under its own weight. Eg: Cable tray falls due to failed fittings caused by corrosion. A solid object that is dislodged or breaks free from its fastenings due to the applied force from the impact of some other equipment or moving object, or combination of continual dynamic forces, movement, vibration, environmental factors etc. Eg: Cable tray falls after being struck during lifting activity.

9. DROPS DEFINITIONS UNDERSTANDING Primary Fixing, Secondary Retention and Safety Securing Bolted, Clamped, Pinned, Hinged PRIMARY FIXINGS Safety Pins Lock Wire SECONDARY RETENTION Locking Nuts Locking Washers Securing wire Connectors SAFETY SECURING Nets and Baskets Safety Chains Brackets, Turnbuckles Welds PREVENTIVE PREVENTIVE MITIGATING

10. PRIMARY FIXING UNDERSTANDING The primary method by which an item is installed, mounted and secured to prevent the item falling. ( eg bolted, clamped, screwed, pinned, strapped, clipped etc.) Critical connections: where clamping force / design load is critical. Non-critical connections: where torque / t ension is incidental / not measured.

11. SECONDARY RETENTION UNDERSTANDING The engineered method for securing the primary fixing to prevent loss of clamping force or displacement of fastening components. ( eg locking washers, lock nuts, lock wire, split pins / cotter pins, etc.)

12. SAFETY SECURING UNDERSTANDING An additional mechanism for securing the item to the main structure, suitably selected to restrain the item or its components from falling should the primary fixing fail. ( eg rated steel or synthetic nets, lanyards, baskets, wires, slings, chains etc.)

13. THROUGH THE SUPPLY CHAIN DROPPED OBJECTS

14. WHAT CAUSES DROPPED OBJECTS? Poor Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Failed Fixtures and Fittings / Inappropriate Fixings Poor Housekeeping (legacy and current activities) Poor Safety Culture Performance Shaping Factors (Human Factors / Error Traps) Inadequate Design (not addressing Dropped Object potential) Inadequate Maintenance / Testing / Certification Redundant / Neglected / Homemade Equipment Vibration / Corrosion / Loss of Preload Inappropriate Procedures / Not Following Procedures Inappropriate Storage / Inadequately Secured Equipment Environmental Factors (weather, heave, ground conditions) Planning and Operational Miscalculations Overloading / Improper use of Equipment and Tools Any others?

15. ANY OTHER HAZARDS?

16. www.hpog.org

17. WHAT CAUSES DROPPED OBJECTS? Inadequate Maintenance and Redundant / Neglected Equipment Hoisting equipment Structural deterioration Crane hooks / safety latches Lifting gear – wires, shackles, blocks etc Lighting Aerials / dishes

18. WHAT CAUSES DROPPED OBJECTS? Failed Fixtures and Fittings Corrosion Failure Inappropriate Fixings (primary & secondary retention) Vibration / Weathering Overloading

19. Equipment Overhaul and Replacement MANAGING RELIABLE SECURING FEATURES

20. DROPPED OBJECTS – THE CONSEQUENCES

21. DROPS CALCULATOR Fatality: Death resulting from an injury or trauma. (LTI) DAFWC Day Away From Work Case : Non-fatal traumatic injury (MAJOR) that causes any loss of time from work beyond the day or shift it occurred. Also referred to as a Lost Time Incident (LTI). (MTC) Recordable Case: Work-related injury (MINOR) that does not involve death, day(s) away from work, restricted work or job transfer, and where the employee receives medical treatment beyond first aid. First Aid Case: No injury or limited injury (SLIGHT). Treatment may be limited to first aid.

22. DROPS CALCULATOR

23. DROPS CALCULATOR Considerations: DROPS CALCULATOR IS A GUIDE ONLY providing cursory indication of possible outcome With light objects (<0.1 kg) a key influencing factor is the effect of an object punching the skin and damaging tissue/organic functions. The calculator assumes a blunt object so is not compatible with broken glass, metal shards etc The wearing of standard PPE, eg hard hat, safety boots and eye protection, is assumed in the calculator.

24. DROPS CALCULATOR Fatality: Death resulting from an injury or trauma. (LTI) DAFWC Day Away From Work Case : Non-fatal traumatic injury (MAJOR) that causes any loss of time from work beyond the day or shift it occurred. Also referred to as a Lost Time Incident (LTI). (MTC) Recordable Case: Work-related injury (MINOR) that does not involve death, day(s) away from work, restricted work or job transfer, and where the employee receives medical treatment beyond first aid. First Aid Case: No injury or limited injury (SLIGHT). Treatment may be limited to first aid.

25. DROPS CALCULATOR

26. DROPS CALCULATOR Considerations: DROPS CALCULATOR IS A GUIDE ONLY providing cursory indication of possible outcome With light objects (<0.1 kg) a key influencing factor is the effect of an object punching the skin and damaging tissue/organic functions. The calculator assumes a blunt object so is not compatible with broken glass, metal shards etc The wearing of standard PPE, eg hard hat, safety boots and eye protection, is assumed in the calculator.

27. Using the DROPS Calculator in pre-task planning

28. 39ft DROPS CALCULATOR : EXERCISE 16oz 3lb 1 1/2lb

29. 12m DROPS CALCULATOR : EXERCISE 0.5kg 1.4kg 0.75kg

30. DROPS CALCULATOR : REALISTIC OUTCOME If this machine bolt (220g) was to fall from 27m - and strike someone’s head (wearing a hardhat) , what could happen to them? EXAMPLE: 220g dropped from 27m Similar Consequence if: 0.8kg wrench dropped from 7m 1.4kg mallet dropped from 4.3m 58 JOULES (0.22kg x 27m x 9.8066m/s 2 [gravitational acceleration] ) 40 Joule Rule: enough fall energy to generate blunt force impact that could result in a recordable injury – or worse…

31. DROPS CALCULATOR : REALISTIC OUTCOME If this machine bolt (1/2lb) was to fall from 90ft - and strike someone’s head (wearing a hardhat) , what could happen to them? EXAMPLE: 1/2lb dropped from 90ft Similar Consequence if: 1 3/4lb wrench dropped from 23ft 3lb mallet dropped from 14ft 58 JOULES (0.22kg x 27m x 9.8066m/s 2 [gravitational acceleration] ) 40 Joule Rule: enough fall energy to generate blunt force impact that could result in a recordable injury – or worse…

32. A 220g dropped from 27m This bolt would deliver a considerable impact force if dropped from 27m resulting in a medical treatment case. (58J Fall Energy…)

33. A B The bolt, like this 800g wrench if dropped from 7m, would generate 58Joules of fall energy (0.8kg x 7m x 9.8066m/s/2) 220g dropped from 27m 0.8kg wrench from 7m

34. A C B Or this 1.4kg hammer dropped from 4.3m, would also generate 58Joules of fall energy ( 1.4 kg x 4.3m x 9.8066m/s/2) 220g dropped from 27m 0.8kg wrench from 7m 1.4kg hammer from 4.3m

35. DROPS CALCULATOR : REALISTIC OUTCOME

36. DROPPED OBJECTS AND PLANT SAFETY Process Plant & Pipeline Loss of containment Damage to control equipment Integrity compromised Critical Equipment Control and power supply Nav Aids and Comms

37. DROPPED OBJECTS OVER THE SIDE Subsea Dropped Objects damage: Seabed infrastructure Subsea equipment Unnecessary debris Guideline: Any blunt object achieving fall energy of 30kJ or more is likely to cause significant damage and possible loss of containment. 6in Drill Collar (2.6T) falling 150m to seabed = 46.8kJ Terminal velocity ranges from 5-12 m/s dependant upon object shape and water column characteristics.

38. WE ALL HAVE A ROLE Identify potential dropped object hazards Remove if safe to do so and report it / record it on Observation Card Identify and understand securing methods, question yourself ‘How robust is it?’ Report all defects to Supervisor or Area Authorities Remedial / corrective actions are only risk assessed, planned and managed by Technical Authorities / OEM.

39. Dropped Object Awareness and Prevention