05. Development of Medical Sociology and Health care.pptx

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1. Development of Medical Sociology and Health Care System

2. Introduction to Medical Sociology Definition : Medical sociology is the study of societal dimensions of health, illness, and healthcare. Importance : Helps understand how social factors influence health, illness experiences, healthcare delivery, and policies.

3. Historical Development of Medical Sociology Early Foundations (19th Century) Roots in Sociology: Early sociologists like Émile Durkheim and Max Weber explored health-related topics . Public Health Movement: Concerns about sanitation, disease spread, and public health policies influenced the development of medical sociology .

4. Historical Development of Medical Sociology Institutionalization (Mid-20th Century) Post-WWII Era : Growth of healthcare systems and medical professions spurred interest in the sociological aspects of health. Formation of Sub-discipline : Medical sociology emerged as a distinct field within sociology, with dedicated journals and academic programs.

5. Historical Development of Medical Sociology Key Theorists and Concepts Talcott Parsons: Introduced the "sick role" concept, describing the social expectations of illness behavior. Eliot Freidson : Focused on the professionalization of medicine and the role of medical professionals in society. Michel Foucault: Examined the relationship between power, knowledge, and medicine, highlighting how medical discourse shapes social control.

6. Key Themes in Medical Sociology Social Determinants of Health Factors like socioeconomic status, race, gender, and environment significantly impact health outcomes. Health Inequities: Disparities in health due to unequal distribution of resources and opportunities.

7. Key Themes in Medical Sociology Illness Experience How individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to illness. Chronic Illness and Stigma: The social and psychological impact of living with long-term health conditions.

8. Key Themes in Medical Sociology Healthcare Systems and Policies Examination of different healthcare models (e.g., public vs. private healthcare). Access and Quality: Issues related to accessibility, quality, and efficiency of healthcare services. Medicalization The process by which non-medical problems become defined and treated as medical issues. Examples: Medicalization of mental health, aging, and lifestyle behaviors.

9. Key Themes in Medical Sociology Patient-Provider Relationships Dynamics between healthcare providers and patients. Communication and Trust: Importance of effective communication and trust in healthcare settings.

10. Evolution of Healthcare Systems Historical Perspectives Pre-Modern Era: Traditional and folk medicine practices. Industrial Revolution: Advances in medical science and establishment of hospitals.

11. Evolution of Healthcare Systems Modern Healthcare Systems Biomedicine Dominance: Focus on scientific and technological approaches to healthcare. Global Health Trends: Increasing attention to global health issues and international healthcare cooperation. Healthcare Reforms Efforts to improve healthcare access, affordability, and quality. Examples: Universal healthcare in various countries, Affordable Care Act in the U.S.

12. Evolution of Healthcare Systems Future Directions Digital Health: Impact of technology on healthcare delivery (e.g., telemedicine, health informatics). Personalized Medicine: Tailoring medical treatment to individual genetic profiles.

13. Conclusion Medical sociology provides critical insights into the interplay between society and health. Understanding social determinants and healthcare dynamics is essential for addressing health disparities and improving health outcomes.

14. References Books and Journals: Key texts in medical sociology include works by Talcott Parsons, Eliot Freidson , and Michel Foucault. Academic Resources: Journals like "Journal of Health and Social Behavior" and "Social Science & Medicine" offer contemporary research in medical sociology.