06EN. Status and orientation of Sugarcane breeding Vietnam (Dr Duong).pdf

Status and orientation of Sugarcane breeding Vietnam

1. CURRENT STATUS AND ORIENTATION OF SUGARCANE BREEDING
IN VIETNAM TO 2020 WITH VISION TO 2030
Presented by:
Dr. Cao Anh Duong
Director General
Sugarcane Research Institute (SRI, Vietnam)


Phan Thiet city, 18/08/2017
The 5
th
TTC Annual International Sugarcane Conference

2. What is the most important motto for
sugarcane growers in Vietnam now?
1. Varieties is premise 2. Water, fertilizsers are base

3. Care is determined

3. Where are the new varieties come from?
1. Importing from overseas 2. Domestic breeding program
from Mainland China
via bordergate
from Taiwan
via port
from
Thailand
via
bordergate

4. High
General rule of sugarcane variety development

Planting mainly by
indigenous varieties

Planting mainly
by domestic
hybrid varieties
1
3
4
Planting mainly by
imported varieties

Planting mainly by both
imported and domestic
hybrid varieties

2
Sugar industry developing level

Very low
Low
Medium
Note:
Above rule is referenced and analysed base on the developing
history of sugar industry in many countries in the world

5. Which is developing level of Vietnam
sugar industry now?
Sugarcane varieties resources component in Vietnam (2014-2015 season)
Thailand
41%
Taiwan
22%
France
13%
China
12%
Cuba
9%
Vietnam
2%
Low -
medium

6. A brief history of sugar industry and sugarcane
varieties development in Vietnam
The Chinese domination of Vietnam (111 BC to 930):
Sugarcane growing for sugar & molasses cooking appeared
The Hùng King period (4,000 years ago):
Sugarcane has been growed
The early XX
th
century:
Sugar processing industry has been established
The late 1950s decade:
Giống mía nhập nội xuất hiện
1965: The first cross of
sugarcane breeding was
done succesfully
1998: The
firsrt hybrid
Vietnamese
sugarcane
variety was
approved
for release

7. Hybridization organization: Only in Sugarcane Breeding Center (SBC)
National sugarcane genetic garden in Vietnam: 1,027 samples
Foundation
lines of
Saccharum
genus
Wild lines with
close relationship
to Saccharum
genus
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam

8. Hybridisation place:
Before 2008: At Ben Cat dist., Binh Duong pro.
Since 2008: At Don Duong dist., Lam Dong
prov. (11
o
46’ – 11
o
54’N, 108
o
25’ – 108
o
38’E,
altitude > 800m).
No.1 sugarcane breeding garden (with 215 parent lines)
at Don Duong dist., Lam Dong prov.
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam

9. Hybridisation method: Mainly as sexual hybrid method. The Cobalt-60
radioactive mutant induction method has also been studied and gained
some success.
Intergeneric hybridization between
Saccharum genus and wild genus with
close relationship to Saccharum genus,
such as Erianthus, Miscanthus,
Sclerostachya and Narenga was ever
tested but not yet gained any success, will
face to many difficulties and challenge.
Mainly as intraspecific hybridization or
interspecific hybridisation of Saccharum
genus, that is nearly reach to physiology
limit, althought there are more than 1,000
Saccahrum samples, diversity in sources. Some commercial varieties in
Mainland China
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam

10. Sugarcane breeding procedure:
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
Number of staffs serve for hybridisation: 03 people (01 MSc, 02 Eng.)
Annual state budget expenditure (including salary): < 400 Mil. VND
Hybridization: # 100 crosses/1 year
Preliminary Seedlings Selection: 20,000 –
30,000 seedlings/6-8 months
1
st
Clones Selection: 600-1,500 clones/2 years
2
nd
Clones Selection: 40-150 clones/2-3 years
VCU testing: 6-9 clones/3-4 years
Approved for production trial: 2-3 varieties/8-11 years
Production trial: 2-3 varieties/2-3 years
Aprroved for release as new variety: 1 varieties/10-14 years

11. Hybridisation results:
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
12
44
33
43
101
97
100
94 94
Annual number of crosses were done successfully (cross)

12. Hybridisation results:
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
41.67
90.9
84.85
88.37
86.14
97.94
91.00
98.94 98.94
Annual percentage of crosses were done successfully (%)

13. Hybridisation results:
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
500
16628
8051
14138
43111
86823
20635
70321
25100
Annual number of seedlings were gained (seedling)

14. Hybridisation results:
Seedlings of 2014/2015 hybridization season
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam

15. Preliminary seedlings and clones selection place:
Thanh Thanh Cong Sugarcane
Research and Development
Ceter (SRDC): Selection # 10%
seedlings/year (since 2014 up
to now)
Sugarcane Research Institute
(SRI): Selection # 90%
seedlings/year
Other places (less frequently):
QNS (Quang Ngai), Casuco
(Hau Giang), KSC (Khanh
Hoa)
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam

16. Preliminary seedlings and clones selection area:
At SRI: 5.0 – 11.5 ha/year
At SRDC: 0.3 – 1.0 ha/year
Preliminary seedlings and clones selection expenditure:
At SRI: 500 – 1,150 mil VND/year, in which state budget just meets around
of 15-20%, the rest is from SRI’s own budget.
At SRDC: 100 – 200 mil VND/year
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam

17. Some VN hybrid sugarcane varieties were approved:
Sugarcane variety
VN84-422
(2007)
Sugarcane variety
VN85-1427
(2007)
Sugarcane variety
VN84-4137
(1998)
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam

18. Sugarcane variety VN09-108 (approved for production trial in 2015)
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
Some VN hybrid sugarcane varieties were approved:

19. Some prospective Cobalt-60 mutant sugarcane clones
VN84-4137 (original)
VN84-4137 (mutant) K93-219 (mutant)
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
Too
many
hair!
No
hair!

20. Some prospective hybrid sugarcane clones:
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam

21. Some prospective Cobalt-60 mutant clones:
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
Their name will be showed on September, 2017

22. The final result of sugarcane breeding program:

Nguồn: Tổng hợp số liệu của Cục Trồng trọt từ 1986-2016
Current status of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
58 sug.
var.
were
approv.
for pro.
trial
16 sug.
var.
approv.
for
release
(22%)
8 VN
sug.
var.
(12%)
58 sug.
var.
were
approv.
for pro.
trial

23. Investment
budget for
sugarcane
breeding is
still low
compared to
demand
Facilities for
breeding is in
shortage,
human
resources
are limited
There is no
strong link
between
SRI and
sugar mills
Transfer and
development
of new VN
hybrid
sugarcane
varieties is
slow
There are many
limitations and
efficiency is
not high
General comments on sugarcane breeding
in Vietnam

24. Orientation of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
to 2020 with vision to 2030
Research oriented:
1.Strengthen international cooperation to exchange, collect, conserve and
diversify sugarcane genetic resources.
2.Evaluating, exploiting and effectively using sugarcane genetic resources,
especially are species that belong to Saccharum and Erianthus genus, for
sugarcane breeding program.
3.Breeding new sugarcane varieties by oriented sexual hybridization method
is the majority, beside mutation method.
4.Priority breeding new sugarcane varieties with high sugar content > high
cane yield > good ratooning > adaptation to climate change.
5.Enhance to apply biotechnology and other high technology for sugarcane
breeding program.

25. Aver. cane yield: > 80 T/ha
Aver. CCS: > 12
VN varieties: > 50%
2020
2030
Aver. cane yield: 64.4 T/ha
Aver. CCS: 9.64
VN varieties: # 3%

Aver. cane yield: > 70 T/ha
Aver. CCS: > 11
VN varieties: > 10%

2016
Source: A draft of adjustmen of Vietnam sugar industry
development planning to 2020, orientation 2030
Goal oriented:
Orientation of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
to 2020 with vision to 2030

26. Detail oriented:
▲Hybridization:
•From 2017 to 2020: 100 -150 crosses/year
•From 2020 to 2030: 150-200 crosses/year
•After 2030: > 200 crosses/year
▲Varieties approved for release:
•From 2017 to 2020: 5-7 varieties, cane yield ≥ 100 T/ha, CCS ≥10 under
irrigated conditions; or ≥ 80 T/ha, CCS ≥11 under natural condition.
•From 2020 to 2030: 1-2 varieties/year, cane yield ≥ 120 T/ha, CCS ≥ 10.5
under irrigated conditions; or ≥ 90 T/ha, CCS ≥ 11.5 under natural condition.
•After 2030: 2-3 varieties/year, cane yield ≥ 140 T/ha, CCS ≥ 11 under
irrigated conditions; or ≥ 100 T/ha, CCS ≥ 12 under natural condition
▲VN varieties planting area rate:
•By 2020: > 10%
•By 2030: > 50%
Orientation of sugarcane breeding in Vietnam
to 2020 with vision to 2030

27. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION