1.0 Introduction to Database Management Systems.pdf

DBMS - INtroduction

1. Introduction to
Database
Management System

2. Outline
•What is data?
•What is a database?
•What is a database management system (DBMS)?
•Why do we need a DBMS?
•What is a database schema?
•What are roles of key players in DB design and development?

3. What is Data?
•The term data simply means recordable facts,
observations, factual information, set of values and
figures that can be processed with the help of a
computer system and DBMS software

4. What is a Database?

5. What is a Database
Management
System?
•A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software
application that allows users to efficiently store, organize,
and retrieve data in a structured manner.
•It provides an interface between the users and the
database, enabling them to perform various operations
on the data.

6. DBMS = data + set of programs to
access/manipulate data

7. Examples of Popular DBMS

8. Characteristics of Database Management Systems

9. What is a database schema?
•A database schema is a logical structure or blueprint that
defines the organization, structure, and relationships of a
database system
•A database schema includes the definition of database objects
such as tables, views, indexes, constraints, and relationships
between tables
•It defines the fields (columns) that make up a table, the data
types of those fields, and any constraints or rules that apply to
the data

10. Example
•It contains three tables, their data
types. This also represents the
relationships between the tables and
primary keys as well as foreign keys.

11. Types of Database
Schemas
1.Logical Schema - specifies all the logical
constraints that need to be applied to the stored
data. It defines the views, integrity constraints, and
table – entities and their attributes
2.Physical Schema - specifies how the data is stored
physically on a storage system or disk storage in
the form of Files and Indices
3.View Schema - describes the end-user interaction
with the database systems

12. Why do we need a DBMS?
•Data is a valuable organizational asset, and proper management is crucial for its effective
utilization.
•A DBMS offers several benefits, such as:
•Data centralization: All data is stored in a centralized location, facilitating easy access and
reducing data redundancy.
•Data integrity: DBMS enforces data integrity rules to ensure accurate and consistent data.
•Data security: DBMS provides security features to protect sensitive information from
unauthorized access.
•Data concurrency: Multiple users can access and modify data simultaneously without
conflicts.
•Data recovery: DBMS ensures data backup and recovery mechanisms to restore data in case
of failures.

13. Components of a DBMS

14. Applications of DBMS

15. Advantages of DBMS

16. Disadvantages of DBMS

17. Role of key players in database design and
development
•Database Administrator (DBA): responsible for the overall
management of the database environment. They handle tasks such as
capacity planning, security implementation, backup and recovery,
performance optimization, and ensuring data integrity
•Database Designer: responsible for the logical and physical design of
the database. They analyze the requirements of the system, identify
entities, relationships, and attributes, and design the database
schema accordingly.
•Data Analyst: play a crucial role in understanding and defining the
data needs of an organization

18. …
•Database Developer: responsible for implementing the database design and building the
database system. They create database tables, write queries, develop stored procedures,
triggers, and other database objects
•System Administrator: responsible for the hardware and software infrastructure on
which the database system runs
•Business Analyst: play a crucial role in understanding the business requirements and
translating them into data requirements..
•Project Manager: oversees the entire database design and development project. They
coordinate the activities of the team members, manage timelines and budgets,
communicate with stakeholders, and ensure project milestones are met

19. Database system Architectures

23. Data Models
in Database
Design