1 4 taxonomy -rutaceae

1. PLANT TAXONOMY
-RUTACEAE
R. VELMURUGAN
Assistant Professor
Ancillary Botany
Saiva Bhanu Kshatriya College
Aruppukottai
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2. RUTACEAE
COMMON PLANTS
⚫Citrus reticulata-Loose Skinned Orange (Orange)
⚫Citrus sinensis -Sweet Orange (Sathukudi)
⚫Citrus aurantifolia-Lime
⚫Citrus limon -Lemon
⚫Citrus aurantium-Bitter Orange (Narthai)
⚫Citrus maxima -Pamblimas
⚫Aegle marmelos -BaelFruits (Vilvam)
⚫Feronia elephantum-Wood-Apple
⚫Murraya koenigii-Curry Leaves
⚫Ruta
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3. RUTACEAE
Citrus reticulata-Loose Skinned Orange
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4. RUTACEAE
Citrus sinensis-Sweet Orange
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5. RUTACEAE
Citrus aurantifolia-Lime
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6. RUTACEAE
Citrus limon-Lemon
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7. RUTACEAE
Citrus aurantium -Bitter Orange
⚫
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8. RUTACEAE
Citrus maxima -Pamblimas
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9. RUTACEAE
Aegle marmelos-Bael TREE
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10. RUTACEAE
Feronia elephantum -Wood-Apple
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11. RUTACEAE
Murraya koenigii-Curry Leaves
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12. RUTACEAE
RUTA
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13. RUTACEAE
SYSTAMATIC POSITION
SYSTAMATIC POSITION OF RUTACEAE
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
SUB-CLASS : POLYPETALAE
SERIES : DISCIFLORAE
ORDER : GERANIALES
FAMILY : RUTACEAE (RUTACEAE)
GENERA : 143
SPECIES : 1300
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14. RUTACEAE
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS OF RUTACEAE
⚫PlantsareAromaticwithGland-DottedLeaves.
⚫FlowersareHypogynouswithProminentDiscpresentbelow
theOvary.
⚫StamensareObdiplostamonous–theStamensoftheouter
whorlareoppositetothepetalsandthestamensofthe
innerwhorlareoppositetothesepals.
⚫OvulesareinAxilePlacentation.
⚫FruitsareHesperidium.
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15. RUTACEAE
DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS
DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF RUTACEAE
⚫PLANTSare mostly Trees or Shrubs and few Herbs
⚫LEAVESare Compound, Exstipulate with Dotted Glands.
⚫STEMis Aerial and Woody.
⚫INFLORESENCE is Cymose or Panicle.
⚫FLOWERSare Pedicellate, Bracteate, Bracteolate, Bisexual,
Actinomorphic and Hypogynous.
⚫CALYX-Sepals-5, Gamosepalous and Imbricate or Valvate
Aestivation
⚫COROLLA-Petals-5, Polypetalous and Imbricate or Valvate
Aestivation
⚫
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16. RUTACEAE
DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS
DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF RUTACEAE
⚫ANDROECIUM
⚫STAMENS are 10 and Obdiplostemonous.
⚫ANTHERS are Dithecous and Dehisce longitudinally
⚫GYNOECIUM
⚫OVARY is Pentacarpellary or Multicarpellary, Syncarpous
Superior with Many ovules in Axile Placentation.
⚫STYLE is Simple and Terminal
⚫STIGMA is Capitate.
⚫POLLINATIONis Entomophily
⚫FRUITis Berry or Hesperidium.
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17. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY
VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY
DISTRIBUTION
⚫Mostly in Tropics and also in Temperate Regions.
⚫1300 Species Under 143 Genera
HABIT
⚫Mostly Trees -Aegle
⚫Some Shrubs -Murraya
⚫Few Herbs -Ruta graveolens
HABITAT -Mesophytes
ROOT -Branched Tap Root System.
STEM
⚫Mostly Aerial Erect and Woody
⚫Aerial Erect and Herbaceous -Ruta
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18. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY
LEAVES
⚫Pinnately Compound, Exstipulate, Alternate or Opposite, Reticulate
Venation
Leaves are
⚫Unifoliate Compound -Citrus
⚫Trifoliate Compound -Aegle
⚫Pentafoliate Compound -Feronia
⚫Multifoliate Compound -Murraya
⚫Few Simple Leaf -Atalantia
⚫Winged Petiole -Citrus
Dotted Glands
⚫The Translucent Dotted Glands on the surface of the Leaves that Secretes a
Essential Volatile Oil.
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19. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY
LEAVES
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20. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY
REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY
INFLORESENCE
⚫Terminal or Axillary
⚫Cymes -Citrus, Murraya
⚫Racemes -Atlantia
FLOWER
⚫Pedicellate,Bracteate,Ebracteolate,Complete,Bisexual,Regular,
Actinomorphic,PentamerousorTetramerousandHypogynous.
CALYX
⚫Sepals–5,GamosepalousandValvateorImbricateAestivation
COROLLA
⚫Petals–5,PolypetalousandValvateorImbricateAestivation.TheDotted
GlandsonthesurfaceofPetalsthatsecretesaScentedVolatileOil.
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21. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY
ANDROECIUM
STAMENS
⚫MostlyStamensare10,PolyandrousandObdiplostemonous-Murraya.
⚫StamensareNumerous –Citrus,Aegle
⚫StamensareUnitedandPolyadelphous–Citrus
ANTHERisDithecous,BasifixedandDehiscelongitudinally
GYNOECIUM
OVARY
⚫InMurraya,OvaryisBicarpellary,Bilocular,SyncarpousandSuperior
withSingleovuleineachcarpelonAxilePlacentation.
⚫InAegleandCitrus,OvaryisPolycarpellary,Polylocular,Syncarpousand
SuperiorwithManyovulesineachcarpelonAxilePlacentation.
StyleisSimpleandTerminal.
StigmaisCapitate.
HoneyDisc-Awell-developedHoneySecretingDiscisPresentbelowtheOvary.
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22. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY
POLLINATION
⚫Entomophily -Flowers are Colored, Scented and Provided with
Honey by Disc
FRUIT
⚫Many Seeded Berry -Citrus
⚫Two Seeded Berry -Murraya
⚫Berry with Stony Epicarp-Aegle
SEED
⚫Endospermous or Non-Endospermous. Embryo is Straight or Bent.
⚫Polyembryony -Citrus
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23. RUTACEAE
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF MURRAYA Sp.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF Murraya sp.
HABIT
⚫Branched Shrubs.
HABITAT
⚫Mesophytes
ROOT
⚫Branched Tap Root System.
STEM
⚫Aerial Erect and Woody
LEAVES
⚫Pinnately Compound, Petiolate, Exstipulate, Alternate and
Reticulate Venation with Dotted Glands.
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25. RUTACEAE
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF MURRAYA Sp.
INFLORESENCE
⚫Terminal and Cymose Panicle.
FLOWER
⚫Pedicellate, Bracteate, Ebracteolate, Complete, Bisexual, Regular,
Actinomorphic, Pentamerous and Hypogynous.
CALYX
⚫Sepals–5, Gamosepalous and Valvate Aestivation
COROLLA
⚫Petals –5, Polypetalous and Imbricate aestivation
ANDROECIUM
⚫STAMENS are 10, Polyandrous and Obdiplostemonous.
⚫ANTHER is Dithecous and Dehisce longitudinally
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26. RUTACEAE
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF MURRAYA Sp.
GYNOECIUM
⚫OVARY is Bicarpellary, Bilocular, Syncarpous and Superior with
Single ovule in each carpel on Axile Placentation
⚫STYLE is Simple and Terminal
⚫STIGMA is Capitate
POLLINATION
⚫Entomophily
FRUIT
⚫Berry
SEED
⚫Non-Endospermous
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27. RUTACEAE
OBDIPLOSTEMONOUS STAMENS IN MURRAYA Sp .
•In Murraya,
StamensareTen,
ArrangedinTwo
Whorls.
•TheOuterWhorl5
Stamens are
Antipetalous
(OppositetoPetals)
andInnerWhorl5
Stamens are
Antisepalous
(Opposite to
Sepals)
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28. RUTACEAE
Hesperidium Fruit of Citrus Sp.
•ItisaManySeededSimple
FleshyFruit.
•Pericarp(FruitWall) is
Differentiateinto
OuterEpicarp
MiddleMesocarpand
InnerEndocarp
•EpicarpisSkinnywithOil
Glands
•MesocarpisSpongy
•EndocarpisPaperyand
alsoDividetheFruitinto
ManyCompartments.
•TheEdibleJuicyHairson
theInnerSurfaceof
Endocarp.
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29. RUTACEAE
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF RUTACEAE
CITRUS Sp.
⚫Citrus reticulata-Loose Skinned Orange (Kamala Orange)
⚫Citrus sinensis -Sweet Orange (Sathukudi)
⚫Citrus aurantifolia-Lime Fruit (Elumichai)
⚫Citrus limon -Rough Lemon (MalaiElumichai)
⚫Citrus aurantium -Bitter Orange (Narthai)
⚫Citrus maxima -Bamblimoos(Pamblimas)
⚫Citrus medica -Wild Lemon
⚫FruitsareEdible.
⚫TheFruitJuiceContainsCitricAcidandVitamin-C.
⚫TheFruitsareusedformakingJam,Jellies,PicklesandAlcoholicDrinks.
⚫FruitJuiceisPurifyBlood,RelieveThirstinFeverandCureCatarrh.
⚫EpicarpofFruitsandLeavescontainsmanyDotted–GlandsthatSecretes
EssentialVolatileOil,namelyCitronOilorOrangeOilusedinCosmetics,
Perfumes,Confectionary,PharmaceuticalsandToiletPreparation.
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30. RUTACEAE
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
FERONIA ELEPANTUM (Wood Apple)
⚫FruitsareEdible.
⚫FruitsareusedinthetreatmentofDiarrhoeaandDysentery.
⚫LeavesareusedasFodder.
⚫WoodisusedforHouseConstruction.
AEGLEMARMELOS (Bael)
⚫FruitsareEdible.
⚫FruitsareusedinthetreatmentofDysenteryandotherStomach
Troubles.
⚫RootandStemBarksareusedinintermittentFever.
⚫LeavesaremuchusedasReligiousOfferingsinTemples.
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31. RUTACEAE
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
MURRAYA KOENIGII (Curry Leaf)
⚫Leaves are used to Flavouring Curries.
⚫Raw Leaves are used to control Dysentry.
⚫Powder of leaves are used as an application to fresh cuts.
⚫Decoction of leaves is given in dropsy.
⚫Bark and root are applied externally to cure erruptions.
MURRAYA EXOTICA
⚫It is an Ornamental Shrubs grown in Garden for its Glossy Green Foliage
Leaves and Clusters of Fragrant White Flowers.
RUTA GRAVEOLENS
⚫It is an Aromatic Herbs contain Ethereal Oil, called Rutin.
⚫Plant is Narcotic and Stimulant.
⚫Leaves are used in Rheumatic Pains, in treating Hysteria, Worms and Colic.
⚫Ornamental Herbs grown in Gardens for its Fragrant Yellow Flowers.
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