1.history of looms

1.history of looms-Nurunnabi

1. Nurunnabi Lecturer National Institute of Textile Engineering & Research History of LOOMS

2. All content of this slide is not mine. Totally copy paste from various websites. I am just collect and rearrange them. - Nurunnabi

3. History of Loom Weaving process was introduced to human society Major developments in textile took place in England Woven fabrics was produced by at least two people employed on loom

4. Horizontal loom

5. Hand loom

6. Power Loom

7. Chronological/ Historical development of loom 1. Vertical loom: Damask, Tapestry. 2. Pit loom. 3. Frame loom. 4. Chittarangan / Semi-automatic loom : Take up and let off automatic 5. Hattersley loom. 6. Natural Source/ Ordinary power loom: a) Water wheel was until 195 b) Steam engine c) Diesel engine 7. Electric power loom: 1st power loom 1784 1st weaving mill with power loom 1789 a) Large single motor b) Large group motor c) Individual motor with 1930 8. Modern loom: a) Projectile b) Rapier c) Air Jet d) Water Jet e) Multiphase

8. Types of Loom

9. 1. Primitive or Vertical loom. Primitive or Vertical loom : A primitive loom is generally by sinking the frame into the ground and the work inside the pit by both feet. The framework is of bamboo. This loom had been known to be in use in 5000 to 6000 years B.C. This loom are still used for weaving silk pieces ,silk shirting and sarees , muslim , etc.by derivative weavers.

10. 2. Pit loom   Pit loom: This loom is created by sunking four posters into the ground and with an overhang sley.The thread work inside the pit,so that the warp threads may absorb moisture and better weaving will result.In this loom the combination of sley & shuttle boxes.In 1733 A.D John kay of Bury,England invented the"Fly Shuttle".This invention wsa an extreamlyn important event in the history and development of weaving.

11. 3. Frame loom:     Frame loom: Frame looms almost have the similar mechanisms that ground looms hold. The loom was made of rods and panels fastened at the right angles to construct a form similar to a box to make it more handy and manageable. This type of loom is being utilized even until now due to its economy and portability.

12. 4. Chittaranjan loom. Chittaranjan loom: A type of semiautomatic loom of sturdy construction made of iron and wood commonly used in Bengal is known as Chittarangan loom.This loom also called Japani loom.

13. 5.Hattersley Loom Hattersley Loom:In 1856 hattersley and hill of kighley,Yourkshire act in the same manner as a power loom excepting the movement of the slay which may either be operated manually or by motive power to the top shaft,but the loom is constructed with lighter foming .

14. Power loom Power Loom: This type of loom is not drive by hand only eclectic power is used.

15. Air jet loom: This looms use a jet of air to propel the filling yarn strength the shed,It requires uniform filling yarn. They are suitable use with medium weight yarns then very light and very heavy yarn.

16. 7. Water jet loom Water jet loom:A pre measured length of filling yarn is carried across the loom by a jet of water.It can produce superior quality of fabrics.

17. Rapier loom:These loom are competitors to the missille looms.There are two types of rapier looms.Long rapier & double rapier long/single rapier that carries the weft across the width from one side of the loom to another.Double rapier that is one on each side of the loom.One rapier feed the filling yarn half way through the shed of warp yarn to the arm the other side,which reach in and takes it across the rest of the way.

18. Projectile Loom: This picking action is accomplished by a series of small bullet projectiles which grip the filing yarn and carry it through the shed and return empty.

19. Multiphase loom

20. LOOM MOTION Loom Primary Motion Secondary Motion Tertiary Motion Primary motion Shedding: Tappet Dobby. Jacquard. Picking: Over pick Under pick. Modern pick. Beating: Single Multiple Variable. Secondary Motion 1. Take up a) Positive b) Negative. 2. Let off a) Positive b) Negative. (5 wheel, 7 wheel) Tertiary Motion Warp stop motion Weft stop motion (Centre, side) Reed stop motion (Loose, fast) Temple motion (Roller, reed) Weft replenish