1_Inception Report introduction presentation.pptx

introduction to Nepal
presentation.pptx

1. Course : Improvement of Housing and Living Environment Inception Report   Submitted By: Dharmendra Panthee , Engineer, DUDBC, Babarmahal Sudarshan Sharma, Engineer, DUDBC, Babarmahal Country name: Nepal

2. 1.Introduction 1-1. Outline of our country I n between People republic of China and India as a landlocked country, total area: 147,181 km 2 , and Total population 26.5 million (National Population Census 2011).

3. 1.Introduction (Cont..) extreme topography and climate country stretches from east to west with mean length of 885 km and widens from north to south with mean breadth of 193 km

4. 1.Introduction (Cont..) Different disaster Earthquake, landslide , flood , thunderstorm , GLOF , avalanche, fire , drought , and epidemic .

5. 1-2. Self-introduction Department of Urban Development and Building Construction (DUDBC) organization falls under the Government of Nepal via Ministry of Urban Development. The internal structure of our organization, lead by Director of General The roles and responsibilities of DUDBC : 1 ) Safe, economical and environmentally friendly building construction 2 ) Affordable housing 3 ) Sustainable urban development The functions of DUDBC is as follows : 1 ) Formulation, planning and implementation of urban policies 2 ) Formulation, planning and implementation of housing plans and policies 3 ) Design construction, repair and maintenance of the government buildings.

6. 1-2. Self-introduction DUDBC consists of 3 major division: Housing, Building Construction and Urban Development It has different 17 no of PIU offices across the country for the implementation. Sudarsan Sharma Building Code Section Dharmendra Panthee Housing Section

7. 1-2. Self-introduction ( Continue) Responsibility : to strictly follow and implement ethics, code of conduct, policy, plans and program and guidelines outlined by DUDBC and the Government of Nepal. Current role: to ensure implementation of the vision and mission of the organization along with development of resilient, sustainable, inclusive, effective and green town The roles and responsibility of my organization includes the following core areas: i . Formulation , planning and implementation of urban policies ii. Formulation , planning and implementation of housing plans and policies iii. Design , construction, repair and maintenance of the government buildings

8. 2. Housing situation and living environment of Nepal Total households no. 5,423,297 Owned houses 85.26 % Rented houses 12.81 % Institutional 0.63 % Others 0.3 % are 2-2. Rural area Rented House 6.3% 9.9% RCC foundation and pillar 44.2% lived in brick or stone wall houses. Sanitation coverage is 37% 44.2 % of household have access to piped water 2-1. Urban area Rented House 40.2% 28.4 % RCC foundation and pillar 41.4% lived in brick or stone wall houses . The average size of dwelling 53.07 sq.m Sanitation coverage is 78% 49.3% of household have access to piped water

9. 2. Housing situation and living environment of Nepal ( Continue) situation has become more critical due to earthquakes of April and May 2015 and recent flood crisis in Terai belt of Nepal. The other core factors influencing housing problems are as follows: Owner Building Construction Practice Inadequate basic services and infrastructures Unstandardized housing Dis-integrated pattern Inadequate technology know-how Weak institutional capacity Inadequate financing

10. 3. Policies and strategies on housing The present constitution has enlisted "rights of all citizen to housing" as a basic right. National Shelter Policy, 2011:, Long Term Vision: To provide housing, which is safe, adequate and affordability to all citizens . Mission: To develop the concept of housing by including the families remaining below the poverty line and residing in unplanned and unsafe settlements. Main objectives: a)To increase appropriate safe and environment friendly housing supply for all income groups and improve existing condition of housing. b)To mobilize effectively the necessary financial resource for housing development c)To improve institutional arrangement by clarifying the role of government organizations, NGOs, Private Sectors and community.

11. 3. Policies and strategies on housing ( Continue) As per projection total houses required 7,120,873 in 2021 Urban area 2,146,552 houses Rural area 4,974,321 houses 2.02 million additional housing required. Urban area 1360 thousand additional houses required. 30 % of the demand fulfilled by the addition of extra rooms or floors in the existing houses 70 % or 954 thousand housing units will be fulfilled by the construction of the new housing units

12. 3. Policies and strategies on housing ( Continue) Rural area 660 thousand additional houses required. 15 % of the demand fulfilled by the addition of extra rooms or floors in the existing houses 85 % housing units will be fulfilled by the construction of the new housing units Accordingly , there is a need to construct a total of 1.52 million new housing units with in 2024.

13. 4. Examples of the housing projects 2-1. Urban area (1)For low-income: Icchangu Apartment project for Urban Poor and Low Income Family in Kathmandu Valley 227 unit 2 bed room, 1 kitchen, 1 bath room and 1 balcony floor area 27.60 sq.m cost of each unit NRS 650 thousand ( excluding land cost )

14. 4. Examples of the housing projects (continue ) 2-1. Urban area ( 2)For middle-income houses Group Housing and Apartments The private sector as an active player in the urban housing. 62 housing projects 6113 housing units within Kathmandu Valley high price units with attractive and gracious environment along with security and other infrastructure

15. 5. Self-assessment of current policies of your country Housing Finance (Policy, Loan scheme or Support by Governments of Nepal) Back Ground: Constitution of Nepal “Right to housing” under the Fundamental Rights and Duties. Self-owned house hold is 85.3% and rental is 12.8 %. The private sector involvement in supply of housing is real estate type housing (group housing or apartment type). land development programs are popular to developed service plot for planned and organized housing development. Nepal housing development finance company (NHDFC) 1990- a housing finance institution was established for the development of residential areas and residential housing in the support of Government people's housing program, cooperative housing/ land bank, urban poor group housing, elder people's housing, low cost rental housing (by Government and corporation), subsidized housing loan, subsidized housing maintenance loan.

16. 5. Self-assessment of current policies of your country ( Continue) National Urban Development Strategy 2017 strategy to solve housing issues: i ) Encourage private sector to provide housing to the EWS ii) Discourage squatter settlements and encroachment on public land. iii ) Promote People's Housing and encourage and facilitate co-operative mechanism for the production of housing for EWS. Major Housing Finance in Nepal and its effect Demand Side Subsidy or Consumer Side Subsidy (CSS) are as follows: Peoples Housing Program Housing Program for freed Kamiya (forced bonded) families Earthquake victim housing reconstruction Supply Side Subsidy of Producer Side Subsidy (PSS): Ichangu Narayan Housing for urban poor Kirtipur Housing Project (supported by local government, NGOs, Cooperatives, INGOs)

17. 5. Self-assessment of current policies of your country ( Continue) Conclusions The demand side subsidies system in housing sector is most popular in Nepal. The demand side subsidy is dominant in Nepal. These subsidy programs are mainly supporting the low income, marginalized group and also some middle income groups in the case of earthquake housing reconstruction program. The subsidy is mainly focused on supporting only for building the house or for home owners only and not for the tenants. The demand side subsidy provided by the government, as a grant amount is about 80-90% of the construction cost of housing unit. The supply side subsidy is new and small in proportion of the government subsidy. The Government has initiated the public rental housing. NHFDC Company provides loans to the private developers and the house owner in Nepal, However the loans are not subsidized and the interest rate is similar to the commercial banks and other financial institutions. To sum up about the subsidy in Nepal, the developing country like Nepal has major challenges in finance. The needs and demand for the both rental as well as social housing affordability should be critically reviewed and determine the suitable subsidy options (like enabling approach) and strategy without the huge investment of the Government.