1. Introduction for Project Management .pptx

Management Principles

1. Level 5 – 9208 – 13 - 504 Project Management Sky Star Engineering Training Centre Daw Saw Sandar Oo BE (Civil), ME (Transportation)

2. Objective This module aims to equip learners with project administration and management skills in construction or civil engineering field to enable them to understand and apply project planning techniques to identify, organize and control human and physical resources effectively in construction environment

3. Contents Introduction to project delivery system Documentation: records and reports Specifications and drawing Using the specification in contract administration Construction law and labor relations Construction safety Meetings and negotiations Preconstruction operations Planning for construction CPM scheduling for construction Construction operations Measurement and payment Construction materials and workmanship Claims and disputes handling Project closeout

4. What is a Project? A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service or result. Cost Time Quality

5. What is Management? Management is guiding human and physical resources into a dynamic, hard-hitting organization. Management consist of creating corporate policy and organizing, planning, controlling, and directing an organization’s resources in order to achieve the objectives of that policy.

6. Executive leadership and management development leadership skill development Management skill development Management Functional skill Development program Supervisory leadership, supervisory management Supervisory skills development program Basic Functional Skills Development Program

7. Why Project Management? Better control Better customer relations Better interdepartmental coordination Higher quality and reliability Higher profit margins Higher worker morale Shorter development times Lower costs

8. Negative Greater organizational complexity Increase likelihood of organizational policy violations More management difficulties Higher cost --------- --------- ---------

9. Principles of Management Division of work Authority and Responsibility Discipline Unity of Command Unity of Direction Subordination of individual interest to general interest Remuneration of employees Centralisation and Decentralisation Scalar chain Order Equity Stability of personnel Initiative Espirit de Corps

10. Division of work Division of work aims at producing more and better work with the same effort. It is accomplished through reduction in the number of tasks to which attention and effort must be directed. T he whole work must be divided into small task or units and instead of assigning the whole work to one person.

11. Authority and Responsibility Authority means the right to give order. Responsibility is associated with authority.

12. Discipline Discipline refers to general rules, regulation for systematic working of an organisation. Self discipline is the best discipline.

13. Progressive discipline approach Verbal warning Written verbal warning Written warning Suspension Dismissal Policy – Plan – Performance

14. Follow the hot stove rule. Immediate response Advance warning Consistent action Impersonal application

15. Unity of Command If employees get order from 2 superiors at same time then they will get confused and not able to understand that whose orders must be executed . Thus unity of command avoids confusion and conflicts.

16. Unity of Direction Efforts of all the members and employees of an organisation must be directs towards one direction that is achievement of common goal. Each group activities should have one objective and should be unified by having one plan one head.

17. Centralisation & Decentralisation A company must not be completely centralised or completely decentralised but there must be both depending upon the nature and size of the organisation. pE 1 2 3 5 4 pE 1 2 3 4 5

18. Managing type Centralization Formalization Hierarchical Departmentalization

19. Subordination of individual interest to general interest The interest of an organisation should take priority over the interest of any individual employee.

20. Remuneration of employees The overall pay and compensation should be fair to employees and workers to give them at least a reasonable standard of living. 10000 Performance related pay 200000+10000+10000+10000

21. Scalar Chain Every info. must pass through every key of this chain, no skipping of any one key should be allowed. WS JE4 JE3 SAE AE

22. Order People and material must be in suitable place at appropriate time for maximum efficiency.

23. Equity Equity means to be kind, fair, and just treatment to employees.

24. Stability of Personnel Employees turnover should be minimized to maintain organisational efficiency.

25. Initiative Workers should be encouraged to develop and carry out their plans for improvement.

26. Esprit De Corps Management should promote a team spirit of unity and harmony among employees.

27. 7 S - Formwork Structure Shared values Staff Strategy Skills Systems Style

28. Planning Fail to plan is plan to fail. Vision Mission Plans and decision making

29. Organising Resources People Materials Machine

30. Types of Organizational Structure 1- Line structure 2- Line and staff structure 3- Functional structure

31. 32 Line Structure Vice President Operations Board of Director President Manager shop-floor Deputy manager Assistant Manager Supervisor Worker Worker Worker Vice President Marketing Vice President Finance Vice President HRD

32. 33 Board of Director Line and Staff Structure President VP Marketing VP O perations VP Finance VP HRD Manager Marketing Manager Operations Manager Finance Market Research Sales Promotion Production Planning Product Development Accounting Audit Credit and Collection Recruitment Training Deputy Manager Marketing Deputy Manager Operation

33. Board of Director President V.P Marketing V.P.HRD V. P. Finance VP : Operations Manager Supervisor W o r k e r s Functional Structure

34. Span of Control

35. Size Leadership Cohesiveness Nature/Motivation of Members Group Norms Individual Roles Environment Nature of Task GROUP

36. Ineffective Group Effective Group

37. Effective Groups 1.Informal , relaxed atmosphere. 2.Much relevant discussion with high degree of participation. 3.Members listen to each other. 4.Ideas are expressed freely and openly 5.The group examines its own progress and behavior Ineffective Groups 1.Bored or tense atmosphere. 2.Discussion dominated by one or two people and often irrelevant 3.Mambers tend not to listen to each other. 4.Personal feelings are kept hidden and criticism is embarrassing .. 5.The group avoids any discussion about its own behaviour .

38. Team work Mutual trust Mutual agreement Mutual understanding Mutual common goal Mutual respect Mutual negotiation Mutual give and take

39. Drive theory Incentive theories Maslow theory of human motivation Theories of motivation: Motivation

40. 41 Maslow’s Hierarchy Of Needs Abraham Maslow

41. How Project Managers in the Construction Industry Motivate Their Teams

42. Leader Leader is a person others want to follow. Leader is the one who command the trust and loyalty of followers. Leader has resources to provide a group to help it reach its goals. Leading

43. Qualities Of Good Leadership Desire for occupational success and responsibility Intelligence , reasoning skill and creative ability Supervisory skill in task of planning , organizing, directing and control Administrative ability Energetic Innovative in approach Positive attitude Good communication ability Flexible to changes

44. Mature behavior Dependable Open-minded Pleasant personality Social Good communication ability Sound physique, vigour and hard work Representative of the group

45. Legitimate Power Based on one’s position in the hierarchy. It is a manager’s formal authority. Leader, Leadership and Power

46. Reward Power The ability of a manager to give out rewards valued by subordinates.

47. Coercive Power Based on fear and punishment. This is the opposite of reward power.

48. Referent Power Based on followers’ identification with the leader.

49. Expert Power Stems from a belief that the leader has some talent or special knowledge subordinate do not.

50. Management and Leadership Management Leadership Planning and budgeting Creating vision and strategy Keeping eye on bottom line Keeping eye on the horizon Organizing and staffing Creating shared culture and values Directing and controlling Helping other grow Create boundaries Minimize boundaries Focuses on object producing/ selling good and services Focuses on people inspiring and motivating follower s Based on position power Based on personal power Acting as boss Acting as coach, facilitator, servant Emotional distance Emotional connections ( heart)

51. Management and Leadership Management Leadership Talking Listening Conformity Non-Conformity Focuses on the tasks ( things) when performing management functions of planning, organizing and controlling. Focuses on the interpersonal relationships ( people) Establishes detailed objectives and plans for achieving them. Establishes direction, develops a vision and the strategies needed for its achievement. Controlling. Monitors results against plans and takes corrective action. Motivates and inspires employees to accomplish the vision creatively. Focus is on a short term view, avoiding risks Focus is on a long term view, taking risks Maintain stability Create change

52. Trait approach Physical Social Personality Personal Over 6 ft tall Weight over 175 lbs Physical attractiveness Muscular body shape Empathy Patience Employee oriented Emotional maturity Extroversion Self esteem Integrity Confidence Verbal skills Judgement Capacity to work hard Responsible

53. Autocratic Leadership Democratic Leadership Laissez-Faire Leadership Behavioral approach

54. Situational Approach Selling Telling Delegating Participating High focus on process Low focus on people Low focus on process High focus on people

55. Be Prepared Be Proactive Be Reflective

56. Know the way Go the way Show the way

57. Six most important words “ I admit I made a mistake” Five most important words “I am proud of you” Four most important words “What is your opinion” Three most important words “If you please” Two most important words “Thank you” One most important words “We” The last, most unimportant word “I”

58. Controlling Monitoring People Materials Machine

59. Internal Management Company vision HR policy SOP system Financial investment Technology

60. External Management Marketing Branding Sale promotion Customer relationship Supply change Corporate partnership CSR activity

61. Better Skill Better job Better life ( lives )

62. Thank You … For Your Time and Interest!