1 - the-past-simple-grammar-guides.ppt resumo completo

simple past

1. THE PAST SIMPLE

2. USE OF THE PAST SIMPLE
1.TO EXPRESS A FINISHED ACTION IN THE
PAST
I played tennis last Sunday.
I worked in London from 1984 to 1989.
John left two minutes ago.

3. 2.TO EXPRESS ACTIONS WHICH FOLLOW
EACH OTHER IN A STORY.
James came into the room. He took off his
coat and sat down on the bed. Suddenly, he
noticed somebody behind the curtain. He
stood up and walked slowly across the
room. ...

4. Past Simple is often used with past time
expressions:
LAST YEAR
IN 2011
LAST MONTH
IN SUMMER
FIVE YEARS AGO
IN DECEMBER 2011
TWO HOURS AGO
YESTERDAY EVENING

5. THE PAST SIMPLE
We have to learn the formation of
the VERB “TO BE”
REGULAR VERBS
IRREGULAR VERBS
in the Past Simple in order to be able to use
this grammatical tense correctly.

6. VERB “TO BE”
POSITIVE FORM
I
YOU
HE/SHE/IT
WE
YOU
THEY
WAS
WERE
WAS
WERE
WERE
WERE
in
Japan.
We learn the
conjugation of the verb
“to be”
in the past form.

7. VERB “TO BE”
NEGATIVE FORM
I
YOU
HE/SHE/IT
WE
YOU
THEY
WAS
WERE
WAS
WERE
WERE
WERE
NOT
NOT
NOT
NOT
NOT
NOT
in Japan.
We add not
next to each
past form of the
verb “to be”.
was not –
wasn´t
were not –
weren´t

8. VERB “TO BE”
QUESTIONS
WAS
WERE
WAS
WERE
WERE
WERE
I
YOU
HE/SHE/IT
WE
YOU
THEY
in Japan?
WAS / WERE +
SUBJECT +
THE REST OF THE
SENTENCE

9. VERB “TO BE”
SHORT ANSWERS
A:Were you
in London ?
A:Were you in
your car?
A: Was he at
home?
B:Yes, I was. B:Yes, I was. B: No, he wasn’t.
No, I wasn’t. No, I wasn’t. Yes, he was.

10. REGULAR VERBS
POSITIVE FORM
I
YOU
HE/SHE/IT
WE
YOU
THEY
WORKED very
hard.
The positive form for
regular verbs ends in
–ed.
There are no changes
for the different
persons in
Singular and Plural.

11. REGULAR VERBS
NEGATIVE FORM
I
YOU
HE/SHE/IT
WE
YOU
THEY
DID NOTWORK very
hard.
Put did not
(=didn’t)
before the
base form of
the verb.

12. REGULAR VERBS
QUESTIONS
DID
I
YOU
HE/
SHE/
IT
WE
YOU
THEY
WORK very
hard?
DID +
SUBJECT +
THE BASE FORM OF
THE VERB +
THE REST OF THE
SENTENCE

13. REGULAR VERBS
SHORT ANSWERS
A:Did you
travel to
Japan?
A:
Did the car
start?
A: Did you cook?
B:Yes, I did. B:Yes, it did.B: No, I didn’t.
No, I didn’t. No, it didn’t. Yes, I did.

14. THE SPELLING OF THE REGULAR VERBS
1.The normal rule is to add –ed to the base form of
the verb
work = work-ed
want = want-ed
help = help-ed
wash = wash-ed

15. 2.When verbs end in –e, just add -d
bake = bake-d
like = like-d
use = use-d

16. 3. In verbs of one syllable,
with ONE WRITTEN VOWEL + ONE WRITTEN
CONSONANT, the consonant is doubled.
stop = stopped
plan = planned
grab = grabbed

17. BUT 
COOK = COOKED, LOOK = LOOKED
There are 2 vowels before the consonant,
that’s why the consonant is not doubled.

18. The consonant is NOT doubled,
if it is W or Y.
play = play-ed
show = showed

19. 4. In most two-syllabled verbs the consonant is
doubled if the stress is on the 2
nd
syllable.
pre’fer = preferred
ad’mit = admitted

20.  BUT 
’ enter = entered
’ visit = visited
The stress is on the 1st syllable. ’

21. 5.Verbs that end in
a CONSONANT + Y change to –IED
carry = carr-ied

22. IRREGULAR VERBS
POSITIVE FORM
I
YOU
HE/SHE/IT
WE
YOU
THEY
WON the first
prize.
We put irregular verbs
into the 2
nd
form.
(We have to learn it ! )

There are no changes
for the different
persons in
Singular and Plural.

23. IRREGULAR VERBS
NEGATIVE FORM
I
YOU
HE/SHE/IT
WE
YOU
THEY
DID NOTWIN the first
prize.
Put did not
(=didn’t)
before the
base form of
the verb.

24. IRREGULAR VERBS
QUESTIONS
DID
I
YOU
HE/
SHE/
IT
WE
YOU
THEY
WIN the first
prize?
DID +
SUBJECT +
THE BASE FORM OF
THE VERB +
THE REST OF THE
SENTENCE

25. IRREGULAR VERBS
SHORT ANSWERS
A:Did you
speak to
Peter?
A:
Did you drive
your car?
A: Did you see him?
B:Yes, I did. B:Yes, it did.B: No, I didn’t.
No, I didn’t. No, it didn’t. Yes, I did.

26. INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE
written form pronunciation written form pronunciation
BE /bi/ WAS; WERE /waz; wr/
BECOME /bikam/ BECAME /bikeim/
BEGIN /begin/ BEGAN /bigen/
BITE /bajt/ BIT /bit/
BREAK /brejk/ BROKE /brouk/
BRING /bring/ BROUGHT /brot/
BUILD /bild/ BUILT /bilt/
BURN /brn/ BURNT /brnt/
BUY /baj/ BOUGHT /bot/
CAN /ken/ COULD /kud/
CATCH /keč/ CAUGHT /kot/
COME /kam/ CAME /keim/
COST /kost/ COST /kost/
CUT /kat/ CUT /kat/
DO /du/ DID /did/

27. DRAW /dro/ DREW /dru/
DRINK /drink/ DRANK /drenk/
DRIVE /draiv/ DROVE /drouv/
EAT /it/ ATE /eit/
FALL /fol/ FELL /fel/
FEEL /fi:l/ FELT /felt/
FIGHT /fajt/ FOUGHT /fot/
FIND /faind/ FOUND /faund/
FLY /flaj/ FLEW /flu/
GET /get/ GOT /gat/
GIVE /giv/ GAVE /geiv/
GO /gou/ WENT /went/
GROW /grou/ GREW /gru/
HAVE /hev/ HAD /hed/
HEAR /hir/ HEARD /hrd/

28. HIDE /haid/ HID /hid/
HIT /hit/ HIT /hit/
HOLD /hould/ HELD /held/
HURT /hrt/ HURT /hrt/
KEEP /ki:p/ KEPT /kept/
KNOW /nou/ KNEW /nju/
LEARN /lrn/ LEARNT/ LEARNED /lrnt; lrnd/
LEAVE /li:v/ LEFT /left/
LOSE /luz/ LOST /lost/
MAKE /meik/ MADE /meid/
MEAN /mi:n/ MEANT /ment/
PAY /pei/ PAID /peid/
PUT /put/ PUT /put/
READ /ri:d/ READ /red/
RIDE /raid/ RODE /roud/

29. RING /ring/ RANG /reng/
RUN /ran/ RAN /ren/
SAY /sei/ SAID /sed/
SEE /si:/ SAW /so/
SELL /sel/ SOLD /sould/
SEND /send/ SENT /sent/
SET /set/ SET /set/
SING /sing/ SANG /seng/
SINK /sink/ SANK /senk/
SIT /sit/ SAT /set/
SMELL /smel/ SMELT /smelt/
SPEAK /spi:k/ SPOKE /spouk/
SPELL /spel/ SPELT /spelt/
SPEND /spend/ SPENT /spent/
STAND /stend/ STOOD /stud/

30. STEAL /sti:l/ STOLE /stoul/
STICK /stik/ STUCK /stak/
SWEEP /swi:p/ SWEPT /swept/
SWIM /swim/ SWAM /swem/
TAKE /teik/ TOOK /tuk/
TEACH /ti:č/ TAUGHT /tot/
TEAR /ter/ TORE /tor/
TELL /tel/ TOLD /tould/
THINK /think/ THOUGHT /thot/
THROW /throu/ THREW /thru/
UNDERSTAND /andrstend/ UNDERSTOOD /anderstud/
WAKE UP /weik ap/ WOKE UP /wouk ap/
WEAR /wer/ WORE /wor/
WIN /win/ WON /wan/
WRITE /wrait/ WROTE /wrout/

31. MEET /mi:t/ MET /met/
SLEEP /sli:p/ SLEPT /slept/