11. Different families of vegetables.pdf

families of Vegetables

2. SpeciesintheAlliaceae
areperennialherbs.The
leaves grow from
abulbatthebaseofthe
plant.Theleavesvary
fromflattocircularin
cross-sectionandmay
behollow,withparallel
veinsrunninglengthwise
alongtheblade.
(Allium schoenoprasum)
(Allium sativum)
(Allium cepa)
(Allium porrum)
(Allium ascalonicum)

3. Oilseed Legumes
Higher fat and calorie content
Soybeans
(Glycine max)
Peanuts
(Arachis hypogaea)
FreshLegumes
Eaten as fresh vegetables
Fresh peas
(Pisum sativum)
Fresh beans
(Phaseolus vulgaris)
Dried, edible seeds of grains legumes;
Low-fat. High-fiber, high-protein
Common beans
A type of pulse;
Many varieties
Black beans
Pinto beans
Kidney beans
Lentils Dry peas Chickpeas
(Lens culinaris)

4. Commonlyknownasthe
mustardfamilyandflowering
plantsdistributedthroughout
theworld.Brassicaceae
speciesarecharacterizedby
four-petalledcross-shaped
flowersthatfeaturetwolong
andtwoshortstamensand
producepodlikefruits
knownassiliques.
(Brassica oleracea)(Brassica oleracea)
(Brassica oleracea)
(Brassica rapa)
(Brassica rapa)

5. Solanaceae, the
nightshade,orpotato,
familyofflowering
plants.Solanaceous
cropsinclude
(Capsicum annuum)(Solanum melongena)
(Solanum lycopersicum)
(Solanum tuberosum)
(Physalis ixocarpa)

6. alargefamilyofoften
fragrantoraromaticplants
thathavesmallflowers
borneinumbelsand
include numerous
economicallyimportant
plants.
( Coriandrum sativum)(Daucus carota)
(Apium graveolens)
(Foeniculum vulgare)
(Petroselinum crispum)

7. TheCucurbitaceae,also
calledcucurbitsorthe
gourdfamily,areaplant
familyconsistingofabout
965speciesinaround95
genera.
(Cucumis melo)(Cucurbita pepo)
( Cucumis sativus)
(Cucurbita moschata)
(Cucurbita maxima)

8. TheChenopodioideaeare
asubfamilyofthe
floweringplantfamily
Amaranthaceaeinthe
APGIIIsystem,whichis
largelybased on
molecularphylogeny,but
wereincluded–together
withothersubfamilies
(Beta vulgaris)
(Spinacia oleracea)
(Beta vulgaris)
(Spinacia oleracea)

9. 9
Stages of application
ORGANIC FERTILIZER/ORGANIC CONCOCTION
Common Insect Pests

10. Maturity and
Senescence
Flowering and
reproduction
Vegetative
growth
Germination and
Establishment
Seeds contain all the nutrient
they need to germinate and
grow their first pair of leaves.
Nitrogen is most
important for plants
when their energy is
directed into growing
stems and foliage.
Fullgrown plants
need extra
phosphorus during
the transition to
blooming stage.
As flower or
fruit reach full
maturity,the
plants no
longer need
nutrients.
Just water.
(FPJ, IMO, LABS)
N 60% P 20% K 20%
(FFJ)
N 20% P 20% K 60%
(FPJ, FFJ, FAA/KAA)

11. 11
Application of Fermented Plant Juice(FPJ )
Toenhanceplantgrowth,
Providesthebestnutrientsthat
makestheleavesgreenerand
stemsstronger.
Get 1 L of water
Measure 2 tablespoon
(10 ml) of FPJ
Mix 2 tablespoon
(10 ml) FPJ and 1 L water
Shake well
Spray the mixture on
The plant’s leaves and soil
Spray your plant
Once or twice a week

12. 12
Application of Fermented Fruit Juice(FFJ )
Toincreasesweetnessofyour
Plants’fruits,thepotassium
factorofFFJisabsorbedby
theleavesandrootsresulting
inextrasweetfruits
Get 1 L of water
Measure 2 tablespoon
(10 ml) of FFJ
Mix 2 tablespoon
(10 ml) FFJ and 1 L water
Shake well
Spray it on the flowers and
fruits
Spray your plant
Once or twice a week

13. 13
Application of Fish Amino Acid(FAA)
Improves soil structure
Stimulates plant growth
Helps release nutrients for
greener leaves, vibrant flowers,
and abundant fresh vegetables
Regulates the pH-value of soil
Soil Drench-1:500
Foliar Spray -1:1000
SD-0.5 cap full : 1L of water
FS-1 cap full : 1L of water
Shake well
Added to soil or spray on
the leaves of your plants.
Apply once in 10 days or
according to need

14. 14
Application of Indigenous Micro Organism(IMO)
Revive soil nutrients. It speeds growth of plants
Speed up composting works like vaccinating
against sickness, illness and weeds
These are present in the soil but have
deteriorated due to many factors
Get 1 L of water
Measure 2 tablespoon
(10 ml) of IMO
Mix 2 tablespoon
(10 ml) IMO and 1 L water
Shake well
Spray on the soil and the
leaves of your plants.
In composting residues after
30days of decomposition

15. 15
Benefits of Organic Fertilizer
Foodproducedisfreefromharmful
chemicals.
Easilybio-degradableanddonotcause
pollution.
Helpmaintainsoilstructure,fertilityand
increasesoil’snutrient-holdingcapacity.
Costofproductionislessasorganic
fertilizerscanbepreparedlocally.
Organic CompostNote:Basedontypeofsoil,nutrient
requirementandseason,organic
fertilizersareapplied.

16. 16
Common Insect Pests

17. Apest is destructive insect or
other animal that attack
crops, food and livestock.
17

18. Onion and other Vegetables Insect pests
Onion fly
affects onions, shallots,
leeks, garlic, chives,
Japanese bunching onions
and Welsh onions.
Bean fly
affects onions, leeks,
garlic, Brassicaceae
species, tomatoes,
potatoes and corn.
Leaf miner
affects a wide range of
vegetable and flower crops
including onions, eggplant,
beans, celery, peas, potatoes
and tomatoes.
(Delia antiqua)
(Ophiomyiaphaseoli)
(Liriomyzasativae)

19. Beans Insect pests
Bean leaf beetle
consume mostly young
leaves although the outer
wall of pods are sometimes
attacked when vegetative
growth ends.
Mexican bean beetle
These beetles
skeletonize leaves which
become lace-like and
eventually turn brown
from their feeding.
Black bean aphid
They often transmit
virus diseases, and
they excrete
honeydew on which
sooty mold grows.
(Cerotomatrifurcata) (Epilachnavarivestis) (Aphis fabae)

20. Cabbage Insect pests
Cabbage looper
Looperschew ragged
holes in leaves and
bore through and
contaminate heads
and leaves with their
bodies.
Diamondback moth
This is particularly
damaging to seedlings,
and may disrupt head
formation in cabbage,
broccoli, and cauliflower.
Flea beetles
The adults feed on the
underside of leaves,
creating small pits or
irregularly shaped
holes.High numbers
of adults can kill or
stunt seedlings
(Trichoplusiani)
(Plutellaxylostella) (Altica)

21. Eggplant Insect pests
Colorado Potato Beetle
larvae and adults feed on
eggplant foliage with their
chewing mouthparts.
Leaf-footedbugs
feed on young developing
fruit by inserting their
piercing, sucking
mouthparts. Leaf-footed
bug adults and nymph
sitting on an eggplant leaf.
Two spotted spider mites
Spider mite feeding damage
on an eggplant leaf.
(Leptinotarsadecemlineata) (Leptoglossusphyllopus) (Tetranychusurticae)

22. Carrot Insect pests
Carrot fly
is a pest of gardens and
farms, and mainly affects
the crop of carrots, but can
also attack parsnips, parsley
and celery.
Leafhoppers
Leafhopper feeding causes
leaves to develop pale
specks. Leaves and shoot
tips fed upon by an
abundance of leafhoppers
may turn yellow then brown
and curl and die.
Carrot weevils
are beetles that love to eat
carrots, celery, and
parsley. The adults eat the
carrot leaves and lay eggs
in the roots, where their
larva eat..
(Chamaepsilarosae) (Cicadellidae) (Listronotusoregonensis)

23. Squash Insect pests
Squash vine borer
When the larva burrows into
the stem of your squash
plant, the injury can girdle
the stem and prevent the
plant from taking up any
water or nutrients
Squash bug
is one of the most common
and troublesome pests in the
home vegetable garden.
Squash plants frequently are
killed by this sap-feeding
pest. Leaves of plants
attacked by the bugs may wilt
rapidly and become brittle.
Squash beetle
The squash beetle
feeds upon the leaves
of cucurbits.
(Melittia cucurbitae)
(Anasatristis) (Epilachnaborealis)

24. Spinach Insect pests
Cutworm
curl their bodies around the
stem and feed on it. This
feeding causes the plant to
be cut off just above the soil
surface.
Thrips
Thripsfeeding can
stunt plant growth
and causedamaged
leaves
(Agrotisipsilon)
(Thysanoptera)

25. Thank you!