117260dfjka;dfha[d'fj;ka;dnvjakdhdhj;50.ppt

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1. MODAL VERBS
can / can’t
must / mustn't
have to / don’t have to

2. MODAL VERBS: can
SubjectModal verbMain verb Phrase
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
can
go to sleep.
drink some water.
eat some food.
do some exercise.
Use the basic formof the main
verbsafter the modal verbs.

3. MODAL VERBS: can
Statement
Negation
Question
Mike
Mike
cannot
whistle
MikeCan
can whistle
can’t
whistle ?

4. MODAL VERBS: can
CANis used to indicate the possession of an ABILITY.
e.g. He canswim.
(He knowshow to swim)

5. MODAL VERBS: can
CANis used to indicate a present or future GENERAL
POSSIBILITY.
e.g. You can’tfly to the U.S.A. from Girona.
(It is not possibleto fly to the U.S.A. because
there are regular flights from Girona)

6. MODAL VERBS: can
CANare also used to ask for & give PERMISSION.
e.g. CanI speak to the patient just a few
minutes? No, you can’t
(You ask the doctor if he letsyou
speak to the patient)

7. MODAL VERBS: can-ability
Modal verbs are DEFECTIVE, they do NOT
have ALLverb TENSES.
PRESENT He can swim
PAST
He
He
could
was able to
swim
swim
FUTURE He will be able toswim

8. MODAL VERBS: tenses
Tense forms do not always match a time.
We cangoto the cinemathis evening
PRESENT TENSE FORM FUTURE TIME
We couldgoto the cinemathis evening
PAST TENSE FORM FUTURE TIME
Can -could: future
possibility, to make proposals

9. MODALS: can –
could –was able to
Can: things we are able to do GENERALLY and
AT THE MOMENT.
Amy can speakfive languages.
Look! I can seea deer behind those trees!
Could: things we were able to do GENERALLY
in the past:
Amy couldspeakthree languages as a kid. (=
Amy was able to speak...)
Couldis not used for PARTICULAR occasions:
He didn't speak a word of Chinese but he
managed to doall he needed = was able to do

10. MODALS: Your turn
can –could –be able to
run 10 Km in an
hour (you, ?)
1.Canyou run 10km
in an hour
2.Yes, I can
3. -So canI
-Me too
4. No,I can't
5.-Neither can I
Me either

11. MODALS: Your turn
can –could –be able to
Contribute to make a better world (we, ?)
Can we contribute to make a better world?
Yes, we can
So can we
Pardon? A better world?
No, we can't
Neither can we

12. MODALS: Your turn
can –could –be able to
How many languages speak as a child (you, ?)
1. How many languages couldyou speak as a
child?
I could speak three languages
when I was seven years old.
So could I
I could only
Speak two
languages
Me too

13. MODALS: Your turn
can –could –be able to
do all packing yesterday (you, ?)
Further practice: OGP, Unit 39
1. Were you able to do all
packing yesterday?
2. Yes, I was. And you?
Were you able to finish?
3.No, I wasn't
4. Neither was I
(Me either)

14. MODAL VERBS: have to
SubjectModal verbMain verb Phrase
I , you
we, they
have to
go to sleep.
drink some water.
he, she
it
has to
eat some food.
do some exercise.
Use the basic formof the main
verbsafter the modal verbs.

15. MODAL VERBS: have to
Statement
Negation
Question
Mike
Mike doesn’thave tostudy
have toDoes
hasto study
study ?
havetoYou
You/Mike hadto
You/Mike
You
didn’thave to
don’thave to
Mike
you/Mike
youDo
Did

16. MODALS: Obligation -necessity
have to / must
In the present we use MUSTand HAVETOto say
that something is NECESSARY or OBLIGATORY.
MUST: strong recommendation or offer.
You mustbe at home by 9 p.m.
You mustvisit us at out house at the seaside!
I have towork on Saturday morning.

17. MODALS: Obligation -necessity
have to / must
Small differencein meaning, not always
evident in positive sentences.
MUST: the speakerthinks it is necessary.
You must tidy upall this mess right now.
HAVE TO:necessary because of rules, laws
orexternal circumstances.
I have toworktoday.
Often both forms are possible:
You musttakeyour job seriously.
You have totake your job seriously.

18. MODAL VERBS: must / have to
When referring to the past, we use only HAD TO.
e.g. Danny had togo to work yesterday.

19. MODAL VERBS: must/ have to
In the negativethey have different uses.
MUSTN’T: prohibition.
e.g. You mustn’ttake photos.
(It is prohibitedto take photos)
DON’T HAVE TO: absence of necessity.
e.g. You don’t have towear a
white coat.
(You don’t needto wear a coat)

20. MODAL VERBS: Your turn
must/ have to
Women mustfight for their rights
all over the world.
Women have tofight for their
rights everywhere.
Womenmustbe paid as much
as men for the same job.
Women have toget the same salary as men do.

21. MODAL VERBS: Your turn
must/ have to
 Do our homework in groups …
 Go to Jane's.
come back home before ten.

We have to do our homework
in groups. I must go to
Jane's.
Ok but you must come back
home before 10.

22. MODAL VERBS: Your turn
mustn't / don't have to
You / drink alcohol.
You / thank me for the add
Youmustn'tdrink any alcohol
You don't have tothank me
for the add.

23. MODAL VERBS: Your turn
mustn't / don't have to
 You / make love in the area.
 We / wear a uniform
 We / pay for beer tomorrow.
You mustn'tmake love in the area.
Wedidn't have towear a uniform at school
Youwon't have topay for beer tomorrow.

24. MODAL VERBS: Your turn
must/ have to
FURTHER PRACTICE AND THEORY
St's book, page 134-5: 5C, a-b
OGP, Units 41, 42, 43
KEYTO St's book, page 135, 5C, a-b
●5C, a. ●5C, b.
●1.Jane has to work very hard
●2.Do you have to wear a uniform?
●3.My sister doesn't have to go to school
●4.Do I have to finish this now?
●5. We don't have to get up early tomorrow.
●6. Does Harry have to work tomorrow?
●7. We have to hurry or we'll be late.
1. mustn't
2. have to / must
3. don't have to
4. have to / must
5. mustn't
6. don't have to
7. have to
8. don't have to