2 1 edible and non –edible mushroom

1. NME -BOTANY
-MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
2-1
EDIBLE AND
NON-EDIBLE MUSHROOM
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2. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
EDIBLE MUSHROOM
EDIBLEMUSHROOM
ThewordMushroom usedfortheEdibleMembersof
MacrofungiandTermedasFoodoftheGod.Thereare14,000Species
ofMushroomsReportedintheWorldMorethan2000Speciesare
RegardedasEdible,Lessthan25SpeciesareWidelyAcceptedasFood
andonlyabout12SpeciesofthemhavebeenDomesticatedand
ArtificiallyCultivated.
MushroomsarebecomingPopularnotonlyfortheirExotic
FlavourandTastebutalsofortheirNutritiveValue.MushroomsareRich
inProtein,DietaryFiber,VitaminsandMinerals,Moderate
CarbohydrateandLessLipid.MushroomisconsideredasaComplete,
HealthyandLowCalorieIdealFoodandsuitableforallAgeGroups
andoccupyaPlacebetweenMeatandVegetables.
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3. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
EDIBLE MUSHROOM
DistinctiveFeatureofEdibleMushrooms
PresenceofaAnnulusRing(ButtonMushroom)intheMiddleof
theStalkorVolva(PaddyStrawMushroom)attheBaseofthe
StalkoftheMushroom
AbsenceofAnnulusRingandVolvainOysterMushroom
EdibleMushroomsareDeliciousTaste.
TheyareSoft,LeatheryandWoody.
EdibleMushroomsareNotAttractiveColourful.
MostlyitisPleasantSmell.
GenerallyAnts,InsectsandotherAnimalsFeedtheMushrooms.
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4. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
EDIBLE MUSHROOM
Major Edible Mushrooms
The Major Edible Mushroom are
Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)
Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus sp.)
Paddy Straw Mushroom (Volvariella sp.)
Milky Mushroom (Calocybe indica)
Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinula edodes)
Wood Ear Mushroom (Auricularia sp.) etc
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5. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
EDIBLE MUSHROOM
.
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ButtonMushroom
•ItisVeryPopularVarietyduetoits
DeliciousTaste,Nutritionaland
MedicinalValues.ThisMushroomis
distributedworldwideandpresently
morethan500speciesarereportedin
Agaricus.
•ItistheFirstlargestcultivated
mushroomintheworld.Many
Speciesareusedasfoodfortheir
nutritivevalueanditcontainsHigh
Protein(35%)and18%ofFiberin
DryWeight.

6. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
EDIBLE MUSHROOM
.
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Oyster Mushroom
•ItistheSecondMostCultivated
Edibleanditcontains150Edible
Varietieswhichcangrowona
VarietyofSubstratesunderVaried
ConditionsinWorldwide.
•TheOysterMushroomhasHigh
Food Value,itContains
Carbohydrate(63%),Protein
(20%),Fiber(15%)andFat(2%)
inDryWeight.

7. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
EDIBLE MUSHROOM
 .
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MilkyMushroom
•ItisaspeciesofTropical
EdiblemushroomnativetoIndia.
IthasLongShelfLife,More
NutritiousandShorterCultivation
Duration.So,itbecomestheThird
Commercially Cultivated
MushroominIndiaafterButton
andOysterMushrooms.
•ItContains65%ofCarbohydrate,
18%ofProtein,4%ofFiberand
3%ofFat

8. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
EDIBLE MUSHROOM
 .
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PaddyStrawMushroom
•Thismushroomisvery
popularforitstasteandflavor.
Therearemorethan19Edible
VarietiesareReportedin
StrawMushroom.
•ItContains 55%of
Carbohydrate,38% of
Protein,6%ofFiberand2%
ofFat

9. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
EDIBLE MUSHROOM
 .
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ShiitakeMushroom
•ShiitakeisanativetoEastAsia,
popularasfoodandmedicineat
globallevel.
•Itisalsosecondmostimportant
edibleandmedicinalmushroom.
•Itiseatenlikevegetablesandit
Contains48%ofCarbohydrate,
33%ofProtein,28%ofFiberand
3%ofFat

10. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
EDIBLE MUSHROOM
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WoodEarMushroom
•ItisaJellyMushroom,Contains
62%ofCarbohydrate,5%of
Protein,20%ofFiberand8%of
Fatandfourthmostpopular
mushroomintheworldforits
nutritionalandmedicinalvalues.
•ItisVerypopularingredientin
manyChinesedishes,suchashot
andsoursoup,andalsousedin
Chinesemedicine.

11. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NON-EDIBLEOR POISONOUS MUSHROOM
NONEDIBLEORPOISONOUSMUSHROOM
ThePoisonousMacrofungiarecalled‘Toadstool’.Theword
“Toadstool”means‘DeathChair’anditrepresentsPoisonous
andNon-EdibleMushrooms.
ManyMushroomsarePoisonousandNon-Edible.ItContains
Cytotoxic,PsychoactiveToxic,NephrotoxicNarcoticand
HallucinogenicandLethalCompoundsthatleadtomanyProblems
inGastrointestinal,Respiratory,NervousandCardiovascular
System.ThePracticalKnowledgeandExperiencearerequiredto
identifythePoisonousMushrooms.
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12. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NON-EDIBLEOR POISONOUS MUSHROOM
CharacteristicFeaturesofPoisonousMushrooms
ADistinctiveFeatureofPoisonousMushroomsisthePresenceof
BoththeStructuresaAnnulusRinginthemiddleofthestalk
andaVolva(acuporsaucerlikeStructure)atthebaseofthestalk
oftheMushroom.
TheyareVerySoft
TheSkinoftheCapcannotbeEasilyPeeledOff.
PoisonousMushroomsareColourfulandAttractive.
MilklikeExudationOozesoutfromthedamagedpartof
Mushroom.
PoisonousMushroomsaregenerallyBitterorSourinTaste
MostlyitisUnpleasantSmell.
GenerallyAnts,InsectsandotherAnimalsdonotFeed.
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13. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NON-EDIBLEOR POISONOUS MUSHROOM
MajorPoisonousMushrooms
CleftFootAmanitaMushroom(Amanitabrunnescens)
MagicMushrooms(Psilocybecubensis)
TornFiberCapMushroom(Inocybelacera)
FlyAgaricMushroom(Amanitamuscaria)
InkCapMushroom(Coprinopsisatramentaria)
BrainMushroom(Gyromitraesculenta)
SulphurTuftMushroom(Hypholomafasciculare)
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14. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NON-EDIBLEOR POISONOUS MUSHROOM
CleftFootAmanitaMushroom
•The LethalCompound
Amatoxin foundinthe
MushroomCleftFootAmanita.
•Amatoxinmaycauseirritation
oftherespiratorytract,
headache,dizziness,nausea,
shortnessofbreath,coughing,
restlessness, diarrhoea,
gastrointestinaldisturbances,
backpain,urinaryfrequency,
liverandkidneydamageor
death.
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15. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NON-EDIBLEOR POISONOUS MUSHROOM
MagicMushrooms
•MagicMushrooms containsa
PsychoactiveandHallucinogenic
compoundcalledPsilocybin.
•PsilocybinisAffectsBrainand
NervousSystemanditleadsto
Excitement,Peacefulness,Spiritual
Awakening, Derealization,
Depersonalization, Distorted
Thinking,Dizziness,Drowsiness,
MuscleWeakness,UnusualBody
Sensations,Nausea, Paranoia,
ConfusionandVomiting
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16. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NON-EDIBLEOR POISONOUS MUSHROOM
TornFiberCapMushroom
•TornFiberCapMushroomContains
aToxicCompoundcalledMuscarine.
•MuscarineaffectsGastrointestinal,
RespiratoryandCardiovascular
system
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17. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NON-EDIBLEOR POISONOUS MUSHROOM
FlyAgaricMushroom
•ItContainsaNarcoticand
Hallucinogenic Compound
MuscimolandaPsychoactive
CompoundIbotenate.
•ItCausesthePantherine
MuscariaSyndromeinHumans,
whichischaracterizedby
DrynessofMouth,LossofBody
Movement,
Confusion,Excitement,Giddines
s,TirednessandDrowsiness.
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18. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NON-EDIBLEOR POISONOUS MUSHROOM
InkCapMushroom
•CoprineisaMycotoxinreportedin
InkCapMushroom.
•ItcausesCoprinusSyndrome
includessymptomslikeFacial
Reddening,Nausea,Vomiting,
Nervousness,Shivers,Burningand
sometimesExcessiveSalivation.
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19. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NON-EDIBLEOR POISONOUS MUSHROOM
BrainMushroom
•GyromitrinisaCarcinogenpresent
inBrainMushroom.
•TheMainSymptomofGyromitrin
istoDelaytheFunctionofthe
CentralNervousSystem.AsaResult
Stomach Cramps, Diarrhoea,
Jaundicewhilesevereleadsto
Convulsions,ComaorDeath.
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20. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NON-EDIBLEOR POISONOUS MUSHROOM
SulphurTuftMushroom
•ThePrincipalToxinofSulphurTuft
MushroomisaSteroidknown
asFasciculol.
•Itisabitterandpoisonous
Mushroom causesVomiting,
DiarrhoeaandConvulsions.
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