2 2 nutritional value and importance of mushroom

1. NME -BOTANY
-MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
2-2
NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND
IMPORTANCE OF MUSHROOM
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2. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF MUSHROOM
MushroomsarebecomingPopularnotonlyfortheir
FlavourandTasteandalsofortheirNutritiveValue.Mushrooms
areRichinProtein,DietaryFiber,VitaminsandMinerals,Moderate
CarbohydrateandLessLipid.
MushroomisconsideredtobeaComplete,Healthyand
LowCalorieFoodthatissuitableforallAgeGroupsandoccupya
PlacebetweenMeatandVegetables.
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3. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF MUSHROOM
NUTRITIONALVALUEOFFRESHMUSHROOM
TheFreshMushroomcontains
▪Water(91%),
▪Protein(3.7%),
▪Carbohydrate(2.4%),
▪Fat(0.4%),
▪Vitamins(1.5%)and
▪Minerals(0.6%)
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4. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF MUSHROOM
NUTRITIONALVALUEOFDRYMUSHROOM
PROTEIN
⚫TheCrudeProteincontentofEdibleMushroomsisUsuallyHighthanmany
othercomparableFruitsorVegetables.
⚫TheProteincontentofMushroomsvariedfrom12–38%dependingupon
thespecies.TheProteinContentisHighinPaddyStrawMushroom(38%)
followedbyButtonMushroom(34%),Shiitakemushroom(33%),Oyster
mushroom(20%)andMilkyMushroom(18%)andWinterMushroom(17%)
CARBOHYDRATE
⚫TheMushroomincludesVariousCarbohydratePentoses,Hexoses,
Disaccharides,AminoSugars,SugarAlcoholsandSugarAcidsbutLessof
Starches.
⚫TheTotalCarbohydratecontentinMushroomisVariedfrom30-75%ondry
weightbasisindifferentmushrooms.TheCarbohydrateContentisHighin
WinterMushroom(75%)followedbyMilkyMushroom(64%),Oyster
mushroom(63%),PaddyStrawMushroom(55%)Shiitakemushroom(47%)
andButtonMushroom(46%).
⚫
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5. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF MUSHROOM
CRUDEFIBER
⚫TheCrudeFiberCompositionoftheMushroomconsistsofPartially
DigestiblePolysaccharidesandChitin.
⚫TheFibercontentofMushroomsvariedfrom3-30%dependinguponthe
species.TheFiberContentisHighinShiitakemushroom(29%),followed
byButtonMushroom(21%),Oystermushroom (15%),PaddyStraw
Mushroom(5.5%),andMilkyMushroom(3.4%)
LIPID
⚫EdibleMushroomsalmostFreeorLessLevelofFatwithHigherProportion
ofPolyunsaturatedFattyAcidsEspeciallyLinoleicAcid.
⚫Cholesterolsisabsentinmushrooms,insteadcontainsErgosterolandthat
actsasaprecursorforvitaminDsynthesis
⚫TheTotalLipidcontentinMushroomisVariedfrom2-8%ondryweight
basisindifferentMushrooms.TheFatContentisHighinMilkyMushroom
(4%)followedbyShiitakemushroom(3.7%),ButtonMushroom(3%),Oyster
mushroom(2.7%),PaddyStrawMushroom(2.6%)andWinterMushroom
(1.9%)
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6. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF MUSHROOM
AMINOACIDS
⚫TheFreeAminoAcidscompositiondifferswidelybutingeneraltheyare
richinThreonine,Valine,LysineandTryptophan.
VITAMINS
⚫MushroomsareExcellentSourceofDifferentTypesofVitaminswhich
amountVariedfrom1-1.5%dependinguponMushrooms.
⚫Mushrooms ContainsHighAmountofVitaminD(Calciferol),VitaminB
ComplexandVitaminC(AscorbicAcid)and Reasonableamountof
VitaminsA(Retinol),E(Tocopherol)andK(Phylloquinine)
⚫TheVitaminBComplexare
▪B1(Thiamine)
▪B2(Riboflavin)
▪B3(Niacin)
▪B5(PantothenicAcid)
▪B7(Biotin)and
▪B12(Cobalamin)
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7. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF MUSHROOM
MINERALS
⚫MushroomalsoGoodSourceofDifferentMineralsthat
amount variedfrom0.5-1%ondryweightbasis
dependinguponMushrooms.
⚫ThePhytonutrientsorMineralsareP,K,Fe,Na,Ca,and
Mg
BIOMOLECULES
⚫MushroomsareSourceofBiomoleculesorBioactive
Compounds.TheBioactiveCompoundssuchasPhenolic
Compounds,Terpenes,SteroidsandPolysaccharides.
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8. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
IMPORTANCE OF MUSHROOM
IMPORTANCE OF MUSHROOM
⚫MushroomcontainsMoreProtein(about40%)thanmany
othercomparableFruitsorVegetables.So,Mushroom is
considerasProtectiveFood.
⚫TheLessCalorificValueofMushroomduetoModerate
AmountofCarbohydrate,withLessSugarandwithout
StarchisconsiderasanIdealFoodforDiabeticPatients.
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9. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
IMPORTANCE OF MUSHROOM
⚫TheEdibleMushrooms haveLittleFatwithHigher
ProportionofUnsaturatedFattyAcidsandabsenceof
Cholesterol.So,itistherelevantchoiceofFoodforHeart
Patients.
⚫TheAbsenceofCholesterolinMushroom Shows
Hypolipidermic,HypocholestemicandAntihypertension
Effects.
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10. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
IMPORTANCE OF MUSHROOM
⚫TheMinimalSodiumwithRichPotassiumcontentin
MushroomenhancesSaltBalanceandmaintainingblood
circulationinHuman.Hence,mushroomsaresuitablefor
peoplesufferingfromHighBloodPressure.
⚫MostlyallformsofediblemushroomsshowsAnticancer
Property,andtheycanpreventBreastCancer.
⚫MushroomshavingAntibioticProperty.Theyhelpin
keepingourbodyhealthyandProtectfromdiseasesby
strengtheningtheImmuneSystem.
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11. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
IMPORTANCE OF MUSHROOM
⚫MushroomCultivationGivesEmploymentOpportunitiesin
RuralAreasespeciallyforWomen’s.
⚫MushroomcultivationisEasyandSimple.So,itcanbe
takenupbyFarmersandLandlessLaborersasCottage
Industryforadditionalincome.
⚫MushroomCultivationisanIdealToolsforDisposaland
RecyclingofAgriculturalWastesandalsotoproduce
SpentMushroomSubstrate(SMS)canbeutilizedfor
Manuring,FertilizingtheHorticulturalCropsandFeedfor
Animals.
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