2-Anatomical land mark.pptx

anatomical landmarks

1. Anatomical landmarks

2. “’ Since the success of dentures depends largely on the relation of the dentures to anatomic structures which support and limit them, familiarity with the location and character of these structures is essential ’’. Edwards & Boucher, 1942

3. Maxillary anatomical land mark 1- labial frenum 2- labial vestibule 3-buccal frenum 4- buccal vestibule 5- maxillary tuberosity 6- Hamular notch 7-Fovea palatini 8- Vibrating line

4. 10- Median palatal raphe or suture 11-torus Palatinus 12- palatal valut form 13- rugae 14-incisive papilla

5. Maxillary landmarks

6. maxillary Labial frenum : It is a fibrous band covered by mucus membrane It can be single or multiple The labial notch in the labial flange must be wide & deep enough to allow the frenum to pass through it .

7. Labial frenum

8. Labial vestibule Extends on both side from labial frenum to the buccal frenum

9. Buccal frenum It is a fold of mucus membrane which limits the denture base in the premolar region It can be single or multiple It represented on the denture by a notch called the buccal notch

10. Buccal frenum

11. Buccal vestibule Lies opposite to the maxillary tuberosity & extends to from thr buccal frenumto the hamular notch

12. Maxillary Tuberosity It is a bulbuous extention of the residual alveolar ridge in the 2 nd and 3 rd molar regoin

13. Hamuar notch Also called ptreygomaxillary notch It is anarrow cleft between yhe tuberosity and the pterygoid hamulus Used as boundary of the posterior border of the maxillary denture

14. Fovea palatini Two small depression one on each side of the midline It is formed by the accumulation of coalescence of several mucous gland duct. It is posteror to the junction of the soft and hard palates Near the vibrating line

15. Hamular Notch & fovea Palatini

16. Vibrating line Imaginary line marking the movable & immovable tissues of the soft palate . Extend between the hamular notches

17. Median palatal Raphe or suture the platine bone meet of the palate at the med linein a bony bridge or suture covered by thin tightly attached mucosa May need relief

18. Median Palatine raphe

19. Torus Palatinus Bony extosis covered by thin non displaceable tissue Occure in 20-20% of population More in woman than men

20. Torus Palatinus

21. Maxillary tuberosity

22. Palatal vault form Refer to the shape of the hard palate Classified to flat, v & u shaped

23. Rugae Raised area of dense connective tissue radiating from the median suture in the anterior one third of the palate

24. Palatine rugae

25. Incisive papilla Is pad of fibrous connective tissue overlying the opening of the nasoplatine canal which carries the naopalatine vessels In dentate patient it located between the the two centrals In edentulous patient it may lie on or labial to the crest of the alveolar ridge

26. Incisive Papilla

27. Residual ridge The portion of the residual bone and its soft tissue covering that remain after the removal of teeth Residual ridge crest the highest continuous surface of the residual ridge not necessary coincident with the center of the ridge

28. Residual ridge

29. Mandibular Buccal frenum

30. Mandibular land marks

31. Lingual frenum

32. Buccal shelf

33. Retromolar pad

34. External oblique ridge

35. mylohyoid ridge

36. Torus mandibularis

37. Genial tubercles

38. Stress bearing areas

39. Primary stress bearing areas: The crest of the ridge. The flat areas of the palate. Buccal shelf Maxilla Mandible

40. Secondary stress bearing areas: Lateral slopes of the palate. Rugea . Labial & buccal surfaces of the alveolar ridge . All ridge slopes. Maxilla Mandible

41. Vibrating line

42. BORDER STRUCTURES