2-DCS NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNJJJJJJJ .pptx

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1. Distributed control systems (dcs) المحاضرة الثانية أ.م.د. عمار ابراهيم مجيد منظومات السيطرة الموزعة

2. Control Systems fundamentals lay in interaction with some processes of the real world via three main parts which are sensors , controllers and actuators as shown in figure. For modern Computer Control Systems (CCS), not mandatory but typically, is a presence of Human-Machine Interface (HMI) with monitoring data transmission, processing and storage. Architecture of Computer Control Systems (CCS)

3. Industrial Control System (ICS) structure includes a wide range of sensors and transmitters, PLCs, actuators, HMI workstations and data storages, combined with networks as shown in figure. Design parts for ICS include mechanical, electrical, firmware, hardware, and software.

4. Typical programmable components of Embedded System (ES) are Microcontroller Units (MCU), Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Digital Signal Processors (DSP), Field Programmable Gates Arrays (FPGA), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLD), and Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC). Microcontroller FPGA PLC

5. Hierarchical Control System (HCS)

6. Level 0 contains the field devices such as flow and temperature sensors, and final control elements, such as control valves, motors. Level 1 contains the industrialized Input/Output (I/O) modules, and their associated distributed electronic processors. Level 2 contains the supervisory computers, which collate information from processor nodes on the system, and provide the operator control screens. Level 3 is the production control level, which does not directly control the process, but is concerned with monitoring production and monitoring targets. Level 4 is the production scheduling level. A Hierarchical Control System (HCS)

7. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) A programmable logic controller (PLC) or programmable controller is an industrial computer that has been ruggedized and adapted for the control of manufacturing processes, such as assembly lines, machines, robotic devices, or any activity that requires high reliability, ease of programming, and process fault diagnosis. Dick Morley is considered as the father of PLC as he had invented the first PLC, the Modicon 084, for General Motors (GM) in 1968. PLCs can range from small modular devices with tens of inputs and outputs (I/O), in a housing integral with the processor, to large rack-mounted modular devices with thousands of I/O, and which are often networked to other PLC and SCADA systems.

8. PLCs can be designed for many arrangements of digital and analog I/O, extended temperature ranges, immunity to electrical noise, and resistance to vibration and impact. Programs to control machine operation are typically stored in battery-backed-up or non-volatile memory. PLCs were first developed in the automobile manufacturing industry to provide flexible, rugged and easily programmable controllers to replace hard-wired relay logic systems. Since then, they have been widely adopted as high-reliability automation controllers suitable for harsh environments. A PLC is an example of a hard real-time system since output results must be produced in response to input conditions within a limited time, otherwise unintended operation will result. A PLC is consists of: Processor unit (CPU) which interprets inputs, executes the control program stored in memory and sends output signals, Power supply unit which converts AC voltage to DC, Memory unit storing data from inputs and program to be executed by the processor, Input and output interface , where the controller receives and sends data from/to external devices, Communications interface to receive and transmit data on communication networks from/to remote PLCs.

9. A Distributed Control System (DCS) is a fully functional system. It is a collection of hardware and software products used specifically for medium to large scale applications. This is due to the fact that DCS does not only implement the same capabilities a PLC does, but also provides Process Visualization, Data Acquisition, Historian and network security in one, single package. A DCS makes use of a PLC as a component only. Distributed Control System (DCS)

10. What are advances of DCS for Industries Interlocking System (Safety). To avoid damage of the equipment and injure the people . Man Power Reduce man power of the plant because DCS operator easy to control and monitor the plant. Data To collect data of each loop number if sometimes it is needed to analyst to help solve problem. Distributed Control System Advantages

11. نهاية المحاضرة الثانية شكرا لاصغاءكم