2.pptxtktk earthquajkkeeeiijeeiensnnndds

dsfdfvgfd

1. Earthquakes

2. Earthquakes The shaking of the Earth’s surface, resulting from the sudden release of energy. Seismic waves released during earthquakes

3. Active Fault vs Inactive Fault Active Fault a fault where movement or slippage is expected to occur mark certain areas that are prone to earthquakes clear breaks in the soil layers from the surface down the bottom. Inactive Fault fault that has ceased activity for a long time do not disturb or break all the layers of the soil

4. Elastic Limit The threshold of stress taht rock can hold before it undergo deformation As rocks surpass its elastic limit, rocks release its stored potential energy breaking of rocks

5. Parts of an Earthquake Hypocenter location where the slippage or movement took place Epicenter point on the ground directly above the hypocenter Parts of an Earthquake

6. Parts of an Earthquake Fault Scarp elevated surface caused by the movement of the fault Parts of an Earthquake

7. Magnitude Refers to the amount of energy released by an earthquake as the ground shakes The more energetic an earthquake is, the higher the value of its magnitude Richter Scale - scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake

8. Magnitude Description Less than 2.0 Micro Only recorded by seismographs 2.0 - 2.9 Minor Felt by few 3.0 - 3.9 Minor Felt by few, objects may shake 4.0 - 4.9 Light Most people feel it, objects shake or fall 5.0 - 5.9 Moderate Everyone feels it, poorly-built buildings may be damaged or destroyed 6.0 - 6.9 Strong Widespread shaking, buildings damaged 7.0 - 7.9 Major Widespread damage in most areas 8.0 - 8.9 Great Widespread damage in large areas 9.0 - 9.9 Great Severe damage to buildings 10.0 and above Massive Not yet recorded Ritcher Scale

9. Seismograph Being used to determine the strength of an earthquake triangulation - process by which earthquakes are mapped using several seismograph Seismograph

10. Moment Magnitude Scale Measures the force needed in order to generate the recorded seismic waves which considers: rock rigidity distance of rock movement estimated area of rupture Moment Magnitude Scale

11. Intensity Measure of the amount of energy of an earthquake based on property damage Measured on the modified Mercalli Scale PHIVOLCS provides a scale similar to modified Mercalli called PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale

12. Recent Earthquakes in the World Place Year Magnitude Indonesia 2004 9.1 Pakistan 2006 7.6 China 2008 7.9 Haiti 2010 7.0 Chile 2010 8.8 Japan 2011 9.0 Nepal 2015 7.8 Mexico 2017 7.1 Japan 2017 6.1

13. Recent remarkable earthquake in the Philippines Place Year Magnitude Moro Gulf (Mindanao) 1976 8.0 Central Luzon and CAR 1990 7.8 Mindoro 1994 7.1 Negros 2012 6.9 Samar 2012 7.6 Bohol 2013 7.2

14. Earthquakes is the shaking of the ground caused by the release of energy that forms breaks along rock masses. 1 Magnitude or the energy released by earthquakes can be measured through Ritcher Scale. 2 Intensity measures the amount of damage caused by an earthquake which can be measured through modified Mercalli scale . 3

15. Write true if the statement is correct while write false if the statement is incorrect Magnitude is the measure of the energy of an earthquake. A modified Mercalli scale is used to determine the intensity of an earthquake. Hypocenter is also known as the focus of the earthquake. At least one seismograph reading is used to locate earthquake’s origin. A hypoactive fault is a fault that has cease activity for a long period.

16. How are magnitude and intensity different from one another?