21SFH19-SFH_Module 1-Good Health & Its Balance for Positive Mindset.pdf

The Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India has introduced a couple of courses for the enhancement students' knowledge in different domains. JSS Academy of Technical Education, Bengaluru is pioneer in disseminating the knowledge through strong learning materials.

2. Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru 2

4. 4Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

5. 5Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

6. 6Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

7. Course Curriculum
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8. Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course, you will be able to:
CO# Course Outcome
Bloom’s
Level
1Demonstratetheknowledgeofhealthandwellness. 2
2Maintainabalancedgoodhealthforpositivemindset. 3
3
Inculcateanddevelopthehealthylifestylehabitsforgood
health.
3
4
Followinnovative&positivemethodstoavoidrisksfrom
harmfulhabitsincampus&outsidethecampus.
3
8Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
Scientific Foundations of Health

9. Bloom’s Learning Levels -Revised
9Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

10. Bloom’s Taxonomy-Revised
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11. POs->
COs
PO1PO2PO3PO4PO5PO6PO7PO8PO9PO10PO11PO12
CO1----------322------3
CO2----------322------3
CO3----------322------3
CO4----------322------3
Avg.----------322------3
Mapping of COs with POs
11Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

12. Program Outcomes
•PO1.Engineeringknowledge:Applytheknowledgeofmathematics,
science,engineeringfundamentals,andanengineeringspecializationto
thesolutionofcomplexengineeringproblems.
•PO2.Problemanalysis: Identify,formulate,reviewresearchliterature,
andanalyzecomplexengineeringproblemsreachingsubstantiated
conclusionsusingfirstprinciplesofmathematics,naturalsciences,and
engineeringsciences.
•PO3.Design/developmentofsolutions:Designsolutionsforcomplex
engineeringproblemsanddesignsystemcomponentsorprocessesthat
meetthespecifiedneedswithappropriateconsiderationforthepublic
healthandsafety,andthecultural,societal,andenvironmental
considerations.
•PO4.Conductinvestigationsofcomplexproblems:Useresearch-based
knowledgeandresearchmethodsincludingdesignofexperiments,
analysisandinterpretationofdata,andsynthesisoftheinformationto
providevalidconclusions.
12Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

13. Program Outcomes
•PO5.Moderntoolusage:Create,select,andapplyappropriate
techniques,resources,andmodernengineeringandITtools
includingpredictionandmodelingtocomplexengineering
activitieswithanunderstandingofthelimitations.
•PO6.Theengineerandsociety:Applyreasoninginformedbythe
contextualknowledgetoassesssocietal,health,safety,legaland
culturalissuesandtheconsequentresponsibilitiesrelevanttothe
professionalengineeringpractice.
•PO7.Environmentandsustainability:Understandtheimpactof
theprofessionalengineeringsolutionsinsocietaland
environmentalcontexts,anddemonstratetheknowledgeof,and
needforsustainabledevelopment.
•PO8.Ethics:Applyethicalprinciplesandcommittoprofessional
ethicsandresponsibilitiesandnormsoftheengineeringpractice.
13Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

14. Program Outcomes
•PO9.Individualandteamwork:Functioneffectivelyasan
individual,andasamemberorleaderindiverseteams,andin
multidisciplinarysettings.
•PO10.Communication: Communicateeffectivelyoncomplex
engineeringactivitieswiththeengineeringcommunityandwith
societyatlarge,suchas,beingabletocomprehendandwrite
effectivereportsanddesigndocumentation,makeeffective
presentations,andgiveandreceiveclearinstructions.
•PO11.Projectmanagementandfinance:Demonstrateknowledge
andunderstandingoftheengineeringandmanagementprinciples
andapplythesetoone’sownwork,asamemberandleaderina
team,tomanageprojectsandinmultidisciplinaryenvironments.
•PO12.Life-longlearning:Recognizetheneedfor,andhavethe
preparationandabilitytoengageinindependentandlife-long
learninginthebroadestcontextoftechnologicalchange.
14Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

15. Program Specific Outcomes -ME
•PSO1:Applytheacquiredknowledgeindesign,
thermal,manufacturingandinterdisciplinaryareas
forsolvingindustryrelatedproblems.
•PSO2:SolvecomplexMechanicalEngineering
problemsusingappropriatesoftwaretools.
15Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

16. Program Specific Outcomes –R & A
•PSO1:Gainknowledgeandacquireskillstodevelop
automatedsystemsforindustrial/societal
applications.
•PSO2:Automateprocesses/systemswithinrealistic
constraints.
16Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

17. Module -1
Good Health and It’s balance for positive mindset
WhatisHealth?
•Eatingenoughandexerciseto
burncalories?
•Havingagoodphysicalshape?
•Notbeingsick?
•Gettingsleepimmediateafter
layingonthebed?
•Stayingcalmandquietunder
anycircumstances?
•Behappyanytime?
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18. Module -1
Good Health and It’s balance for positive mindset
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19. Module -1
Good Health and It’s balance for positive mindset
•Health:
•Mental and physical health are the two most frequently discussed
types of health.
•A person who has good physical health is likely to have bodily
functions and processes working at their best.
•Mental health refers to a person’s emotional, social, and
psychological well- being.
•Good physical health can work in tandem with mental health to
improve a person’s overall quality of life.
•Spiritual, emotional, and financial health contribute to physical
and mental health.
19Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

20. Module -1
Good Health and It’s balance for positive mindset
•WhyHealthisveryimportantnow?:
•Lifewithouthealthhasnomeaning;lifeisprecious,buthealthis
morepreciousthanitbecauselifewithouthealthisjustlikefood
withouttaste.
•Improvelongevity
•FeelBetterAboutYourself
•ControlYourStress
•LifeInsuranceisCheaper
•AvoidAddictions
•LowerMedicalCosts
•ConsideryourSelf-Esteem
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21. Module -1
Good Health and It’s balance for positive mindset
•WhatinfluencesyourHealth?:
21Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
Education, Employment,
Income, Community safety,
Family & social support
Diet & exercise, Use of
abusive substances, etc.
Access to care & quality of
care
Environmental quality,
housing, transit, etc.

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•HealthandBehavior:
•Actionsthatanindividualengagesin,thataffecthis/herhealth
eitherpositivelyornegatively.
•Example..
•Handwashing,stayinginpollutionfreeambience,work-related
gestures,diet,etc.
•Occupationalhealth&safety-employeebehaviorsaffecting
healthandsafety.
•Healthbehaviors-preventive,illness,andsick-role
•Anyactiontakeninordertopreventanegativehealthoutcome.
•Anyactiontakenonceanindividualfeelsthathe/shehasanillnessorinjury(toassess
theillnessorinjury).
•Anyactiontakenonceanillnessorinjuryhasbeendefinedwiththeintentofremedying
theillnessorinjury.Clinicvisit,stayingathome,suggesteddiet&medication
22Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru

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Good Health and It’s balance for positive mindset
•Healthbeliefsandadvertisements:
•Healthbeliefsare:
–whatpeoplebelieveabouttheirhealth,
–whatpeoplethinkconstitutestheirhealth,
–whatpeopleconsiderthecauseoftheirillness,andthewaystoovercome
anillness.
•Thesebeliefsare,ofcourse,culturallydetermined…
–Differentcultureshavedifferentdefinitionsofwhatconstituteshealthand
whatcausesillness.
•Healthbeliefsinfluencehealthbehaviorsandhealthoutcomes.
–successintheuseofhypnosistocontroloreliminateawidevarietyofunpleasant
symptoms(basedonthepowerofexpectationandattitudetowardhealth).
–Peoplewhothinktheyareunlikelytogetskincancerarelesslikelytowear
sunscreenorlimitsunexposure.
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Good Health and It’s balance for positive mindset
•HealthRelatedAdvertisements:
–Promotionofhealth- carecenters,processes,productsorany
suchactivitiesthatinfluencethehealthbeliefsorbelievedto
influence.
–Encouragehealthbehaviorsthatpreventdiseasebeforeit
happens.
–Mayleadtopositiveaswellnegativebeliefs.
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Good Health and It’s balance for positive mindset
•HealthRelatedAdvertisements:
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Good Health and It’s balance for positive mindset
Advantagesofgoodhealth:
–Ahealthylifestylesimplymeansdoingthingsthat
makeyouhappyandfeelgood.
–Foroneperson,itmeanwalking5kMfivetimesa
week,eatingfastfoodonceaweek,andspending
virtualorin-persontimewithlovedoneseveryother
day.
–Forsomeoneelse,ahealthylifestylemayberunning
twomarathonsayear,followingnospecificdiet,and
neverhavingasipofalcohol.
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•Advantages of good health:
–Prevents disease
–Saves money
–Lengthens lifespan
–It can be good for the environment
–Builds Confidence
–Improves Brain Health and Mood
–Reduces Stress
–Healthy Gut and Organs
–Maintain Healthy Weight or Lose It

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Health and Society:
•Societyisgroupsofindividualpeoplelivingwithcooperative
lifewithanobjectiveofachievingacommoninterestorutility.
•Socialhealthismorethanjustthepreventionofmental
illnessandsocialproblems.Beingsociallyhealthymeans
increaseddegreeofhappinessincludingsenseof
belongingnessandconcernforothers.
•Socialvariables—socialclass,race,gender,poverty,income
distribution,socialnetworks/support,communitycohesion,
theworkandneighborhoodenvironment—thataffect
population/societyhealth.
•Thosewhoarewellintegratedinthesocietyhavelongerand
healthierlife.
•Fordetails,visit,https://www.nhp.gov.in/social-health_pg

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Health and Society:
•Strategiestoachievesocialhealth:
–Sacrifice some time, effort and energy for the societal
activities.
–Establish self-identity
–Develop new relations
–Spend money with friends (… of course, for good cause)
–Adjust in new environment
–Not complain about little things

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Health and Society:
•Strategiestoimprovesocialhealth:
–Make connections
–Develop new hobbies by joining groups of reading,
drawing, writing, yoga, etc.
–Learn new skills like art, dance, cooking, swimming, etc.
–Volunteer at schools or events outside.
–Travel and meet new people.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Health and Society:
•Strategiestoimprovesocialhealth:
–Get Active
–Participate in debates and discussions.
–Join an exercise group or start new outdoor activities
with friends.
–Help parents in household chores.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Health and Society:
•Strategiestoimprovesocialhealth:
–Build Healthy Relations
–Share your feelings with parents or friends.
–Ask for help in need.
–Listen to others without being judgmental.
–Compromise and work on agreements.
–Avoid conflicts and anger.
–Disagree but respectfully.
–Protect yourself from bad company and set boundaries.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Health and Society:
•Strategiestoimprovesocialhealth:
–Develop Healthy Habits in Family
•Eat food with family members, at least once in day.
•Go on a walk instead of watching TV or mobile phone.
•Cook a meal together with your parents
•Give children a task to do and compliment after they
finish.
•Set rules at home for a disciplined behaviour.
•Spend time with family during holidays or visit a place
together.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Health and Personality:
•Personality:The combination of attributes or qualities that
form an individual's distinctive character.
•Personality–health mechanisms includehealth behaviors and
social relationships.
•The trait- related experiences have a biological impact that
ultimately affects health, including disrupting the stress
response and the immune system (e.g., introvert & extrovert
persons)
•Poor health is often associated with changes in mood and
energy levels.
•Changes that accompany illness may be associated with, and
perhaps are causally related, to changes in personality.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Disparities of health in different vulnerable groups :
•Healthandhealthcaredisparitiesrefertodifferencesin
healthandhealthcarebetweengroupsthatstemfrom
broaderinequities.
•Healthdisparity:“aparticulartypeofhealthdifferencethatis
closelylinkedwithsocial,economic,and/orenvironmental
disadvantage.
•Healthandhealthcaredisparitiesaregainingasharperfocus
amongthemediaandpublic(COVID-19pandemic).
•Healthandhealthcaredisparitiesarenotnew.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Disparities of health in different vulnerable groups :
•Health&healthcaredisparitiesadverselyaffectgroupsof
peoplewhohavesystematicallyexperiencedgreaterobstacles
tohealthbasedontheir:
•racialorethnicgroup;
•religion;socioeconomicstatus;
•gender&age;
•mentalhealth; cognitive,sensory,orphysicaldisability;
•genderidentity;geographiclocation;or
•othercharacteristicshistoricallylinkedtodiscriminationor
exclusion

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Disparities of health in different vulnerable groups :
•Certaingroupsofpeoplewhoarevulnerableandmarginalized
fromfullenjoymentofawiderangeofhumanrights,including
rightstopoliticalparticipation,healthandeducation.
•Deprivationofcertainindividualsandgroupswhoserightshave
beenviolatedfromtheexercisingagency(Yamin,2005).
•Suchgroupsinthesocietyoftenencounterdiscriminatory
treatmentandneedspecialattentiontoavoidpotential
exploitation.
•Vulnerablegroupsaredisadvantagedascomparedtoothers
mainlyonaccountoftheirreducedaccesstomedicalservices
andtheunderlyingdeterminantsofhealth(water,housing,
sanitation,nutrition,etc.)

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Health and psychology:
•Mental health refers to a person’s emotional, social, and
psychological well- being.
•In some persons, behavioral dysfunctions result, not only from
physical health but also from mental health.
•That is, biological, social and psychological factors influence
health and illness.
•For e.g., certain behaviors can, over time, harm (smoking or
consuming excessive amounts of alcohol) or enhance health
(engaging in exercise).

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Signs and symptoms of mental illness:
•Feeling sad or down; Confused thinking or reduced ability to concentrate
•Excessive fears or worries, or extreme feelings of guilt
•Extreme mood changes of highs and lows
•Withdrawal from friends and activities
•Significant tiredness, low energy or problems sleeping
•Detachment from reality (delusions), paranoia or hallucinations
•Inability to cope with daily problems or stress
•Trouble understanding and relating to situations and to people
•Problems with alcohol or drug use
•Major changes in eating habits
•Excessive anger, hostility or violence
•Suicidal thinking
Sometimes appear as physical problems, such as stomach pain,
back pain, headaches, or other unexplained aches and pains.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Factors that affect mental health:

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Symptoms & signs of good psychological health:
•A sense of contentment.
•A zest for living and the ability to laugh and have fun.
•The ability to deal with stress and bounce back from adversity.
•A sense of meaning and purpose, in both their activities and
their relationships.
•The flexibility to learn new skills and adapt to change.
•A balance between work and play, rest and activity, etc.
•The ability to build and maintain fulfilling relationships.
•Self-confidence and high self- esteem.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Methods to improve good psychological health:
•The term “psychological well- being” is used to describe an
individual’s emotional health and overall functioning.
–Talk about your feelings
–Keepactive-regularexercisecanboostyourself-esteemandcanhelp
youconcentrate,sleep,andfeelbetter.Exercisekeepsthebrainandyour
othervitalorganshealthy.
–Eatwell-Adietthat’sgoodforyourphysicalhealthisalsogoodforyour
mentalhealth.
–Keepintouch
–Askforhelp,ifneeded.
–Takeabreak-Achangeofsceneorachangeofpaceisgoodforyour
mentalhealth.
–Dosomethingyou’regoodat
–Acceptwhoyouare
–Careforothers

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Methods to improve good psychological health:

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Psychological (Mental) disorders:
•Other terms used: psychiatric disorder, or mental illness.
•What exactly is a mental disorder?
•How are these conditions diagnosed?
•What exactly constitutes a psychological disorder?
•How do you determine if there is something psychologically
wrong or unhealthy about a person?
•How do you decide what's normal and what's abnormal?

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Psychological (Mental) disorders:
•Behaviorsthatareconsideredmaladaptiveandcausesignificant
personaldistress,andinterruptdailyfunctioningaremorelikely
tobelabeledasdisorders.
•Asyndromethatcausessignificantdisturbanceinbehavior,
emotion,andcognition.
•Thesedisordersarealsousuallyaccompaniedbysignificant
distressthataffectsaperson'swork,family,andsocial
relationships.
•Manypeoplehavementalhealthconcernsfromtimetotime.
•Amentalhealthconcernbecomesamentalillnesswhen
ongoingsignsandsymptomscausefrequentstressandaffect
yourabilitytofunction.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Symptoms of Psychological (Mental) disorders:
•Signsandsymptomsofmentalillnesscanvary,dependingon
thedisorder,circumstancesandotherfactors.
•Mentalillnesssymptomscanaffectemotions,thoughtsand
behaviors.
•Someexamples…

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Symptoms of Psychological (Mental) disorders:
•Someexamples…
•Feelingsadordown; Confusedthinkingorreducedabilityto
concentrate;Excessivefearsorworries,orextremefeelingsof
guilt;Extrememoodchangesofhighsandlows;Withdrawal
fromfriendsandactivities;Significanttiredness,lowenergyor
problemssleeping;Detachmentfromreality(delusions),
paranoiaorhallucinations;Inabilitytocopewithdailyproblems
orstress;Troubleunderstandingandrelatingtosituationsand
topeople;Problemswithalcoholordruguse;Majorchangesin
eatinghabits;Excessiveanger,hostilityorviolence;Suicidal
thinking
(repeatedfromslideno.41)

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Symptoms of Psychological (Mental) disorders:
•AccordingtoWHO..
•Depression
•Bipolardisorder
•Schizophreniaandotherpsychoses
•Dementia
•Developmentaldisorders,includingautism

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Causes of Psychological (Mental) disorders:
•Causedbyavarietyofgeneticandenvironmentalfactors:
•Inheritedtraits.Certaingenesmayincreasetheriskof
developingamentalillness,andthelifesituationmaytriggerit.
•Environmentalexposuresbeforebirth. Exposureto
environmentalstressors,inflammatoryconditions,toxins,
alcoholordrugswhileinthewombcansometimesbelinkedto
mentalillness.
•Brainchemistry.Neurotransmitterscarrybrainchemicals&
signalstootherpartsofthebrainandbody.Whentheneural
networksinvolvingthesechemicalsareimpaired,thefunction
ofnervereceptorsandnervesystemschange,leadingto
depressionandotheremotionaldisorders.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Complications of Psychological (Mental) disorders:
•Unhappiness and decreased enjoyment of life
•Family conflicts
•Relationship difficulties
•Social isolation
•Problems with tobacco, alcohol and other drugs
•Missed work or school, or other problems related to work or school
•Legal and financial problems
•Poverty and homelessness
•Self-harm and harm to others, including suicide or homicide
•Your body has a hard time resisting infections
•Heart disease and other medical conditions

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•Prevention of Psychological (Mental) disorders:
•There'snosurewaytopreventmentalillness.
•Payattentiontowarningsigns. Workwithyourdoctoror
therapisttolearnwhatmighttriggeryoursymptoms.Makea
plansothatyouknowwhattodoifsymptomsreturn.
•Getroutinemedicalcare.Don'tneglectcheckupsorskipvisits
toyourprimarycareprovider,especiallyifyouaren'tfeeling
well.
•Gethelpwhenyouneedit.
•Takegoodcareofyourself.Sufficientsleep,healthyeatingand
regularphysicalactivityareimportant.Trytomaintainaregular
schedule.

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Mindfulness for Spiritual and Intellectual health:
•Mindfulness:Paying attention to the present moment, on
purpose, non- judgmentally.
•A moment-to-moment awareness of one's experience without
judgment. In this sense, mindfulness is a state and not a trait.
•One can be mindful, observing their surroundings in the present
moment, without being spiritual (believing in something
outside of the physical/material world)
•Benefits:
•Reducedponderings,Stressreduction,Booststoworking
memory,Lessemotionalreactivity,Relationshipsatisfaction,
Morecognitiveflexibility,Focus

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•Changing health habits for good health:
•Adoptingnew,healthierhabitsmayprotectyoufromserious
healthproblemslikeobesityanddiabetes.
•Habitslikehealthyeatingandregularphysicalactivity,mayhelp
youmanageyourweightandhavemoreenergy.
•Afterawhile,ifyoustickwiththesechanges,theymaybecome
partofyourdailyroutine.
•Havealookonyourhabitsandtheireffectonyourhealth
•(ShouldIbemoreactive?
•ShouldItrytocutbackonlesshealthyfoods?
•ShouldIstarttoeatbetterandmovemorebuthaveahardtime
stickingwiththesechanges?)

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Dept. of ME, JSSATE, Bengaluru
•Changing health habits for good health:
•Adoptingnew,healthierhabitsmayprotectyoufromserious
healthproblemslikeobesityanddiabetes.
•Habitslikehealthyeatingandregularphysicalactivity,mayhelp
youmanageyourweightandhavemoreenergy.
•Afterawhile,ifyoustickwiththesechanges,theymaybecome
partofyourdailyroutine.
•Havealookonyourhabitsandtheireffectonyourhealth
•(ShouldIbemoreactive?
•ShouldItrytocutbackonlesshealthyfoods?
•ShouldIstarttoeatbetterandmovemorebuthaveahardtime
stickingwiththesechanges?)

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•Changing health habits for good health:
Pros Cons
•have more energy
•improve my health
•lower my risk for health
problems
•maintain ahealthy weight
•feel proud of myself
•set an example for friends and family
•may spend more money and time on food
•may need to cook more often at home
•may need to eat less of foods I
love
•may need to buy different foods
•may need to convince my family that we all have to eat healthier foods
Healthy Eating

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•Changing health habits for good health:
Pros Cons
•improve my health
•reduce my risk for serious
health problems
•feel better about myself
•become stronger
•take time to care for myself
•meet new people and spend time with them
•have more energy
•maintain a healthy weight
•become a role model for others
•takes too much time and energy & money
•it is too hot or cold outside
•could hurt myself
•am not good at being active
•keeps me from family and friends
Physical Activities

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•Changing health habits for good health:
Roadblocks and Solutions
Roadblock Solution
I don’t have time.Make your new healthy habit a priority. Fit in
physical activity whenever and wherever you can.
Try taking the stairs or getting off the bus a stop
early if it is safe to do so. Set aside one grocery
shopping day a week, and make healthy meals that
you can freeze and eat later when you don’t have
time to cook.
Healthy habits cost
too much.
You can walk around the mall, a school track, or a
local park for free. Eat healthy on a budget by
buying in bulk and when items are on sale, and by
choosing frozen or canned fruits and vegetables.

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•Changing health habits for good health:
Roadblocks and Solutions
Roadblock Solution
I can’t make this
change alone.
Join others who have the same objective. This will help
you stay motivated and safe. Get your family or
coworkers on the healthy eating bandwagon. Plan
healthy meals together with your family
I don’t like physical
activity.
Forget the old notion that being physically active means
lifting weights in a gym. You can be active in many ways,
including dancing, walking, or gardening. Make your
own list of options that appeal to you. Explore options
you never thought about, and stick with what you
enjoy.
I don’t like healthy
foods.
Try making your old favorite recipes in healthier new
ways. For example, you can trim fat from meats and
reduce the amount of butter, sugar, and salt you cook
with. Use low-fat cheeses or milk rather than whole-
milk foods.