21st century literature from the philippines and the world

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
QUARTER 1:
21
st
Century Literature from the Regions
(Day 1)
Melody Pacis-Tumanan
Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
GENERAL DESCRIPTION

This course aims to engage
students in appreciation and critical
study of 21
st
Century Literature from
the Philippines and the World
encompassing their various
dimensions, genres, elements,
structures, contexts, and traditions.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Recall the literary
concept assigned to
your group and show it
through a concept
map. A group
representative will
present and explain it to
the class after 20
minutes.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
1.Basic literary genres or the
different types of Literature.
2.Basic elements of prose or fiction.
3.Basic elements of poetry.
4.Figurative Language or figures of
speech

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union

WHAT IS 21
ST
CENTURY LITERATURE?

•New literary works created within the
last decade.
•Written by contemporary authors.
•Deals with current themes/ issues and
reflects a technological culture.
•Often breaks traditional writing rules.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES
Hyperpoetry
–This genre, also called cyberpoetry as well as other
names, has many definitions and, like hyperfiction,
is difficult to categorize.
–Hyperpoetry refers to works of verse (although not
necessarily in lines and stanzas) which could not be
presented without the computer.
–Hyperpoetry includes verse with links to sub-poems
or footnotes, poetry “generators,” poetry with
movement or images.
–Hyperpoetry is usually highly steeped in the visual
and sometimes involves parts that are read in
varying orders
Alexis Kirke
“Medical Notes of an Illegal Doctor”
http://wings.buffalo.edu/epc/ezines/brink/brink02/medical.html#backdaily
This is a simple form, a “footnote poem” with one main or HOME poem branching to sub-poems.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES
Hyperpoetry
–Holopoetry refers to 3-DIMENSIONAL VISUAL ART
that combines words with images using
HOLOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE.
–Some readers of HP relate hyperpoetry to concrete
poetry (in which meaning is conveyed partly by the
shape formed by the letters and words), prose
poetry, hip-hop, performance art, and other types
of “hybrid” arts.
Thom Swiss poems
http://bailiwick.lib.uiowa.edu/swiss/directory.htm

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES
Textula
–Mobile phone poetry,
using short traditional
formal verses like tanaga
which has a 7777 syllable
count with rhyme scheme
aabb, abab, abba.
–a poetry genre mastered
by FRANK RIVERA.
–Entire poems are written
and read on mobile
phones.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TEXTULA ni FRANK G. RIVERA, ang MAKATA NG CELLPHONE
(Setyembre 29, 2013)

Bayang mahilig sa ganda/
Inuuna ang postura/
Walang laman ang bituka/
Kundi gasgas na pag-asa.//
Si MEGAN YOUNG nang manalo/
Nagbunyi ang Pilipino/
May dala sanang asenso/
Magkakapag-asa tayo.//
Nagkagyera sa Mindanao/
Kaban ng bayan ninakaw/
Sa Bagyo‟y daming pumanaw/
MISS WORLD, salamat sa araw.//

THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES
SOURCE:
https://mevipres.wordpress.c
om/2013/09/29/textula-ni-
frank-g-rivera-ang-makata-
ng-cellphone/

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Illustrated or Graphic Novels

•Textual portions are presented in traditional form
•Some illustrated novels may contain no text at
all.
•a longer work or collection of works presented in
'comics' style.
•A graphic novel is a narrative work in which the
story is conveyed to the reader using comic
form.
•The term is employed in a broad manner,
encompassing non-fiction works and
thematically linked short stories as well as
fictional stories across a number of genres.
THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES
DIFFERENCES GRAPHIC NOVEL COMIC BOOK
Length There is no set length but
usually 50 pages and
above
Usually 20 to 24 pages
or less
Advertisements Do not have advertising Have several pages of
ads usually found at
the end or the back
covers of the book
Serial vs.
Anthology
They can also
be anthologies, or
collections, of these former
serials, and these are
sometimes called 'trade
paperbacks' or
simply 'trades.'
Most are serialized.
They appear in pieces
over a period of time
that must be read in
sequence in order to
get the full story.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Digi-fiction
–Is a literary experience that combines three media:
book, movie/video, and internet website.
–In order to get the full story, students must engage
in navigation, reading, viewing, in all three formats.
–Digital fictions are different from e-books because
they do not just exist as a digital version of a print
novel, rather, they are known as “born digital” –
that is, they would lose something of their aesthetic
and/or structural form and meaning if they were
removed from the digital medium.

(https://readingdigitalfiction.com/about/what-is-digital-fiction/)

THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Digi-fiction
–they may contain hyperlinks, moving images, mini-
games or sound effects.
–Unlike e-books in which the reader moves from one
page to another in a linear fashion, in many digital
fictions, the reader has a role in constructing the
narrative, either by selecting hyperlinks or by
controlling a character‟s journey through the
storyworld.
–Digital fictions therefore require that the reader
interacts with the narrative throughout the reading
experience and include texts such as hypertext
fictions, Flash fictions and some video games.
https://readingdigitalfiction.com/about/what-is-digital-fiction/

THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
•A literary presentation where the author
incorporates doodle drawings and hand
written graphics in place of traditional font.
•Drawing enhances the story, often adding
humorous elements that would be missing if
the illustrations were omitted.

THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
–Manga is the Japanese word for comics
–It is used in the English-speaking world as a
generic term for all comic books and graphic
novels originally published in Japan.
–Manga is considered an artistic and storytelling
style.
–The term “Ameri-Manga” is sometimes used to
refer to comics created by American artists in
manga style.

THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
–stories told almost completely in dialogue
simulating social network exchanges.

THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES
–Fictional literature or fiction of extreme
brevity.
–Sometimes called “six-word” short stories
–NEIL GAIMAN – a proponent of flash fiction
in the 21
st
century.
I„m dead. I„ve missed you. Kiss …?
–MARGARET ATWOOD
Longed for him. Got him. Shit.
–ERNEST HEMINGWAY
For sale baby socks, never worn

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
THE 21
ST
CENTURY LITERARY GENRES

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Major Characters
Minor Characters

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
•Basic unit of composition in a poem

•ENJAMBMENT
An idea is expressed on one
line and is continued with
little or no pause into the next
line.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Till seashells are broken pieces
From God„s own bright teeth.
And life and love are real
Things you can run and
Breathless hand over
To the merest child.

Bonsai, Edith Tiempo

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
•grew up using technology as a primary
learning tool
•is capable of navigating and interpreting
digital formats and media messages
•possesses literacy skills which include
technological abilities such as
keyboarding, internet navigation,
interpretation of technological speak,
ability to communicate and interpret
coded language and decipher graphics.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Identify the geographic, linguistic, and
ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary
history from pre-colonial to the
contemporary.

1
st
QUARTER – Week 1
(EN12Lit-Ia-21)

CONTENT: Various dimensions of Philippine
literary history from pre-colonial to
contemporary

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
PRE-SPANISH PERIOD

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Pre – Spanish Literature

•CHARACTERIZED by legends, folk takes, epic, folk
songs, epigrams, riddles, chants, maxims, proverbs
or sayings, and sawikain.

•These showed and proved existence of a native
culture.

•Some of these were passed on by word of mouth
till they reached the hands of some publishers or
printers who took interest in printing the
manuscripts of the ancient Filipinos.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Pre – Spanish Literature
OTHER FORMS OF LITERATURE
Legends Folk tales Folk songs Epigrams
Riddles Chants Maxims Proverbs or Sayings
THE EPIC AGE
•Biag ni Lam-ang – Iloco epic
•Bidasari-Moro epiC
•Biag ni Lam-ang-Ilokano epic
•Maragtas-Visayan epic
•Haraya-Visayan epic
•Lagda-Visayan epic
•Hari sa Bukid-Visayan epic
•Kumintang-Tagalog epic
•Parang Sabir-Moro epic
•“Dagoy” at “Sudsod”-Tagbanua epic
•Tatuaang-Bagobo epic
•Indarapatra at Sulayman

FOLK SONGS
•Kumintang
•Kumintang o
Tagumpay
•Ang Dalit o Imno
•Ang Oyayi o Hele
•Diana
•Soliraning
•Talindaw

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
SPANISH PERIOD

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
SPANISH PERIOD
INFLUENCE OF SPANISH TO PHILIPPINE
LITERATURE

1. The ALIBATA was replaced by the Roman
Alphabet.

2. The teaching of the Christian Doctrine became
the basis of religious practices.

3. The Spanish language became the literary
language and lent many of its words to the
Philippine language.

4. European legends and traditions became
assimilated in our songs, corridos, and moro-moros.

5. Ancient literature was collected and translated
to Tagalog and other dialects.

6. Many grammar books were printed in Filipino,
like Tagalog, Ilocano and Visayan

7. Our periodicals during these times gained a
religious tone.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Spanish Period Literature
LITERARY COMPOSITIONS
•Arte y Reglas de la Lengua Tagala (Art and rules of the Tagalog
language)
•Compendio de la Lengua Tagala (Understanding the Tagalog
language)
•Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala (Tagalog vocabulary)
•Vocabulario de la Lengua Pampanga (Pampanga vocabulary )
•Vocabulario de la Lengua Bisaya (Bisayan vocabulary)
•Arte de la Lengua Ilokana (The Art of the Ilocano language)
•Arte de la Lengua Bicolana (The Art of the Bicol language)
BOOKS

•Ang Doctrina Cristiana (The Christian
Doctrine)
•Nuestra Señora del Rosario
•Libro de los Cuatro Postprimeras de Hombre
•Ang Barlaan at Josephat (1
st
tagalog novel
printed in the Philippines)
•The Pasion
•Urbana at Feliza
•Ang mga Dalit kay Maria
RECREATIONAL PLAYS
•Tibag
•Lagaylay
•Cenaculo
•Panunuluyan
•Salubong
•Carillo (Shadow Play)
•Zarzuela
•Sainete

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
PERIOD
OF
ENLIGHTENMENT

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT
•After 300 years of passivity under Spanish rule, the
Filipino spirit reawakened when the 3 priests
Gomez, Burgos and Zamora were guillotined
without sufficient evidence of guilt. This occurred
on the 17
th
of February. This was buttressed with the
spirit of liberalism when the Philippines opened its
doors to world trade and with the coming of a
liberal leader in the person of Governor Carlos
Maria de la Torre.
•The Spaniards were unable to suppress the tide of
rebellion among the Filipinos.
•The once religious spirit transformed itself into one
of nationalism and the Filipinos demanded
changes in the government and in the church.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT
THE PERIOD OF ACTIVE REVOLUTION
•The Filipinos did not get the reforms demanded by the
propagandists. The government turned deaf ears to these
petitions; oppression continued and the church and the
government became even more oppressive to the Filipinos. The
good intentions of Spain were reversed by the friars who were
lording it over in the Philippines.

•Because of this, not a few of the Filipinos affiliated with the La
Liga Filipina (a civic organization suspected of being
revolutionary and which triggered Rizal‟s banishment to
Dapitan). Like Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Apolinario
Mabini, Jose Palma, and Pio Valenzuela decided that there was
no other way except to revolt.

•The gist of literature contained mostly accusations against the
government and was meant to arouse the people to unite and
to prepare for independence.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Period of Enlightenment
IMPORTANT WORKS (Propagana Movement)
•Noli Me Tangere
•El Filibusterismo
•Mi Ultimo Adios
•La Solidaridad
•Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa
•Ang Fray Botod
•Noche Buena
•Mga Alamat ng Bulacan
•Ninay
•Ang Lupang Tinubuan
WRITERS (Propaganda Movement)

•Jose P. Rizal
•Marcelo H. del Pilar
•Graciano Lopez Jaena
•Antonio Luna
•Mariano Ponce
•Pedro Paterno
•Jose Ma. Panganiban

WRITERS (Active Revolution)
•Andres Bonifacio
•Apolinario Mabini
•Emilio Jacinto
•Jose Palma

IMPORTANT WORKS (Active Revolution)
•Ang Dapat Mabatid ng mga
Tagalog
•Kartilya ng Katipunan
•The Philippine National Anthem
•La Indipendencia
•La Republica Filipina
•La Libertad
•Heraldo dela Revolucion

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
THE AMERICAN
REGIME

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
THE AMERICAN REGIME
•The Filipino Revolutionists won against the Spaniards
who colonized us for more than 300 years. Our flag
was hoisted on June 12, 1898 as a symbol of our
independence. Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo was
elected the first President of the Philippine Republic
but this was short-lived.

•The peace movements started as early as 1900.
Many Filipinos started writing again and the
nationalism of the people remained undaunted.

•Filipino writers went into all forms of literature like
news, reporting, poetry, stories, plays, essays, and
novels. Their writings clearly depicted their love of
country and their longings for independence.

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures from the American Regime
FILIPINO WRITERS (in Spanish)
•Cecilio Apostol
•Fernando Ma. Guerrero
•Jesus Balmori
•Manuel Bernabe
•Claro M Recto
•Adelina Guerrea
•Isidro Marpori
•Macario Adriatico
•Epifania delos Santos
•Pedri Aunario
NEWSPAPERS
•El Nuevo Dia (The
New Day)
•El Grito del Pueblo
(Call of the Nation)
•El Renacimiento
(The Rebirth)

PLAYS:
•Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas
•Tanikalang Ginto
•Malaya
•Walang Sugat (Severino Reyes – Father of Filipino Drama)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures from the American Regime
(The Rise of Filipino/ Tagalog Literature)
POETRY – 3 KINDS OF TAGALOG POETS
1.POETS OF THE HEART (Makata ng Puso)
Lope K. Santos
Inigo Ed Regalado
Carlos Gatmaitan
Amado V. Hernandez
Nemecio Carabana
Mar Antonio
2.POETS OF LIFE (Makata ng Buhay)
Lope K. Santos
Jose Corazon de Jesus
Florentino Collantes
Patricio Mariano
Carlos Gatmaitan
Amado V. Hernandez
3.POETS OF THE STAGE (Makata ng
Tanghalan)
Aurelio Tolentino
Mariano Severino
Tomas Remigio

SHORT STORIES
•Mga Kwentong Ginto
•Kwentong Ginto ng 50
Batikang Kwentista
•Parolang Ginto
•Talaang Bughaw
NOVELS
•Ninay
•Anak ng Dagat
(Patricio Mariano)
•Bunganga ng Pating
(Julian Cruz
Balmaceda)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures from the American Regime
(Literatures from other Regions)
PAMPANGO LITERATURE
•Juan Crisostomo Soto
(Father of
Kapampangan
Literature)
•Aurelio Tolentino –
translated Kahapon,
Ngayon at Bukas
(Napon, Ngeni at Bukas
VISAYAN LITERATURE
•Edilberto Gumban
(Father of Visayan
Literature)
•Magdalena Jalandoni
- novelist; wrote Ang
Tunuksan Isa Ca
Bulaclac
ILOCO LITERATURE
•Pedro Bukaneg (Father of Iloco Literature) – from his name was
derived the world BUKANEGAN (Balagtasan), a poetic contest in
ilocano.
•Claro Caluya (Prince of Ilocano Poets
•Leon Pichay – known as the best Bukanegero in the Ilocos region

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures from the American Regime
THE PERIOD OF RE-ORIENTATION (1898-1910)

• English as a literary vehicle came with the American
occupation in August 13, 1898 and as they say, a choice
bestowed on us by history. By 1900, English came to be used as a
medium of instruction in the public schools. From the American
forces were recruited the first teachers of English.

• By 1908, the primary and intermediate grades were using
English. It was also about this time when UP, the forerunner in the
use of English in higher education, was founded).

• Writers of this period were still adjusting to the newfound
freedom after the paralyzing effect of repression of thought and
speech under the Spanish regime. They were adjusting the idea
of democracy, to the new phraseology of the English language
and to the standards of the English literary style Writers had to
learn direct expression as conditioned by direct thinking.
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures from the American Regime
THE PERIOD OF IMITATION (1910 - 1924)
• By 1919, the UP College Folio published the literary
compositions of the first Filipino writers in English. They
were the pioneers in short story writing.
• They were then groping their way into imitating
American and British models which resulted in a
stilted, artificial and unnatural style, lacking vitality and
spontaneity. Their models included Longfellow and
Hawthorne, Emerson and Thoreau, Wordsworth and
Tennyson, Thackeray and Macaulay, Longfellow, Allan
Poe, Irving and other American writers of the Romantic
School.
• Writers of this folio included Fernando Maramag
(the best editorial writer of this period) Juan F. Salazar,
Jose M. Hernandez, Vicente del Fierro, and Francisco
M. Africa and Victoriano Yamzon. They pioneered in
English poetry.

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures from the American Regime
THE PERIOD OF RE-ORIENTATION (1898-1910)
•El Renacimiento and Philippines Free Press were two major
periodicals that were established this year.
•POETRY: Sursum Corda (Justo Juliano), My Mother and Air Castles
(Jan F. Salazar), To My Lady in Laoag (proceso Sebastian)
THE PERIOD OF IMITATION (1910-1924)
•The UP College Folio – 1
st
Filipino writers in English imitating
American and British models (Fernando Maramag, Juan Salazar,
Jose M. Hernandez, Vicente del Fierro).
•ESSAYIST – Carlos P. Romulo, Jorge C. Bacobo, Mauro Mendez,
and Vicente Hilario.
•INFORMAL ESSAY, CRITICISM AND JOURNALISTIC COLUMN –
Ignacio Mangahas, Francisco B. Icasiano, Salvador P. Lopez,
Jose Lansang and Amando G. Dayrit.
•SHORT STORIES – Dead Stars (Paz Marquez Benitez)

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures from the American Regime
THE PERIOD OF SELF-DISCOVERY AND GROWTH
(1925-1941)

•By this time, Filipino writers had acquired the mastery of English
writing. They now confidently and competently wrote on a lot of
subjects although the old-time favorites of love and youth
persisted. They went into all forms of writing like the novel and
the drama.
•Poems became patriotic, religious, descriptive and reflective
poems as well. Poets wrote in free verse, in odes and sonnets
and in other types. Poetry was original, spontaneous,
competently written and later, incorporated social
consciousness.
•Short stories were still remnants of Spanish influence in the use of
expressions that were florid, sentimental, exaggerated and
bombastic. The influence of the Western culture also was
already evident.
•Essays during this period improved with the years in quality and
quantity, in content, subject and style. Essayists like Carlos P.
Romulo became even more eminent editorial writers.

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

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Literatures from the American Regime
PERIOD OF SELF-DISCOVERY AND GROWTH (1925 -1941)
•POETRY – Marcelo de Gracia Concepcion, Jose Garcia Villa,
Agela Manalang Gloria, Abelardo Zubido, Trinidad Tarrosa
Subido and Rafael Zulueta da Costa.
•SHORT STORY – Osmundo Sta. Romana, Arturo Rotor, Paz
Latorena (Sunset), Jose Garcia Villa (Mirin-isa), Jose Lansang (The
Broken Parasol), Sinai C. Hamada (Talanata‟s Wife), Fausto
Dugenio (Waterlust), Amando G. Dayrot (His Gift and Yesterday)
and Amador Daguio (The Wman Who Looked Out of the
Window).
•ESSAYS
–Political and reflective essayist: Federico Mangahas, Salvador P. Lopez, Pura
S. Castrence, Vicente Slbano Pacis, Ariston Estrada and Jose A. Lansang.
–Critical essayist – Salvador P. Lopez, I.V. Mallari, Ignacio Manlapaz, Jose
Garcia Villa, Arturo Rotor, and Leopoldo Y Yabes.
–Personal and Familiar essayist: F.B. Icasiano, Alfred E. Litiatco, Solomon V.
Arnaldo, Amando G. Dayrit and Consuelo Gar.
•BIOGRAPHY – I.P. Caballero and Marcelo de Gracia
Concepcion(Quezon), Carlos Quirino (The Great Malayan), I>V>
Mallari (The Birth of Discontent)

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

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THE JAPANESE PERIOD

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
•Between 1941-1945, Philippine Literature was interrupted in its
development when the Philippines was again conquered by
another foreign country, Japan. Philippine literature in English
came to a halt. Except for the TRIBUNE and the PHILIPPINE
REVIEW, almost all newspapers in English were stopped by the
Japanese.

•This had an advantageous effect on Filipino Literature, which
experienced renewed attention because writers in English turned
to writing in Filipino. Juan Laya, who use to write in English turned
to Filipino because of the strict prohibitions of the Japanese
regarding any writing in English.

•The weekly LIWAYWAY was placed under strict surveillance until it
was managed by Japanese named Ishiwara.

•In other words, Filipino literature was given a break during this
period. Many wrote plays, poems, short stories, etc. Topics and
themes were often about life in the provinces
THE JAPANESE PERIOD (1941 – 1945)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
THE FILIPINO POETRY
•The common theme of most poems during the
Japanese occupation was nationalism, country, love,
and life in the barrios, faith, religion and the arts.
THE FILIPINO DRAMA
•The drama experienced a lull during the Japanese
period because movie houses showing American films
were closed. The big movie houses were just made to
show stage shows. Many of the plays were
reproductions of English plays to Tagalog. The
translators were Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Alberto
Concio, and Narciso Pimentel. They also founded the
organization of Filipino players named Dramatic
Philippines.
THE FILIPINO SHORT STORY
•The field of the short story widened during the
Japanese
THE JAPANESE PERIOD (1941 – 1945)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures from the Japanese Regime
DRAMA
•Jose Ma. Hernandez – Panday Pira
•Francisco Soc Rodrigo – Sa Pula, Sa Puti
•Clofualdo del Mundo – Bulaga
•Julian Cruz Balmaceda – Sino Ba Kayo,
Dahil sa Anal and Higante ng Patay
TYPES OF POETRY
•Haiku
•Tanaga
•Karamiwang Anyo

SHORT STORIES
•Narciso Reyes – Lupang Tinubuan
•Liwayway Arceo – Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa
•NVM Gonzales – Lunsod, Nayon at Dagat-dagatan
•Carlos Bulosan – The Laughter of my Father
•Manuel E. Arguilla – How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife
OTHER LITERARY PIECES
•Like the Molave (poetry)– Rafael Zulueta
•Literature and Society (Essay) - Salvador P. Lopez
•His Native Soil (Novel ) – Juan Laya

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THE REBIRTH OF FREEDOM

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
•The Americans returned in 1945. On July 4, 1946, the
Philippines regained is freedom and the Filipino flag
waved joyously alone. The chains were broken.

•The early post-liberation period was marked by a kind
of “struggle of mind and spirit” posed by the sudden
emancipation from the enemy, and the wild desire to
see print.

•There was a proliferation of newspapers like the FREE
PRESS, MORNING SUN, of Sergio Osmeña Sr., DAILY
MIRROR of Joaquin Roces, EVENING NEWS of Ramon
Lopezes and the BULLETIN of Menzi. This only proved
that there were more readers in English than in any
over vernaculars like Tagalog, Ilocano or Hiligaynon.

THE REBIRTH OF FREEDOM (1946 – 1970)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
The Rebirth of Freedom
LITERARY PIECES
•THE VOICE OF THE VETERAN –
a compilation of the best
works of some Ex-USAFFE
men like Amante Bigornia,
Roman de la Cruz, Ramon
de Jesus and J.F. Rodriguez.
•TWILIGHT IN TOKYO and
PASSION and DEATH OF THE
USAFFE by Leon Ma.
Guerrero

•FOR FREEDOM AND
DEMOCRACY – by S.P. Lopez

•BETRAYAL IN THE PHILIPPINES
– by Hernando Abaya

POETRY IN ENGLISH
•Heart of the Islands (Manuel
Viray)
•Philippines Cross Section
(Maximo Ramos and Florentino
Valeros)
•Prose and Poems (Nick
Joaquin)
•Philippine Writing (T.D. Agcaoili)
•Philippine Harvest (Amador
Daguio)
•Horizon Least (Artemio Patacsil
and Silverio Baltazar)
•Who Spoke of Courage in His
Sleep (N.V.M. Gonzales)
•Speak Not, Speak Also
(Conrado V. Pedroche)
•Have Come, Am Here (Jose
Garcia Villa)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
The Rebirth of Freedom
NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES IN ENGLISH
•Without Seeing the Dawn (Stevan Javallana)
•Pen Anthology of Short Stories (Francisco Arellana)
•The Hand of the Enemy (Kerima Polotan)
•The Trial of Professor Riego and The Distant City (Luis V. Teodoro)

BOOKS PUBLISHED IN FILIPINO
•Mga Piling Katha (Alejandro Abadilla)
•Ang Maikling Kuwentong Tagalog (Teodoro Agoncillo)
•Ako‟y Isang Tinig (Genoveva Edroza Matute)
•Mga Piling Sanaysay (Alejandro Abadilla)
•Maikling Katha ng Dalawampung Pangunahing Autor (A.G.
Abadilla and Ponciano E.P. Pineda)
•Parnasong Tagalog collection of selected poems by Huseng Sisiw
and Balagtas (A.G. Abadilla)
•Mga Piling Akda ng Kadipan (Kapisanang Aklat ng Diwa at
Panitik)
•Pitong Dula (Dionisio Salazar)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
THE NEW FILIPINO LITERATURE
• Philippines literature in Tagalog was revived during
this period. Most themes in the writings dealt with
Japanese brutalities, of the poverty of life under the
Japanese government and the brave guerilla exploits.

• Newspapers and magazine publications were re-
opened like the Bulaklak, Liwayway, Ilang Ilang and
Sinag Tala. Tagalog poetry acquired not only rhyme
but substance and meaning. Short stories had better
characters and events based on facts and realities
and themes were more meaningful. Novels became
common but were still read by the people for
recreation
THE REBIRTH OF FREEDOM (1946 – 1970)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
The Rebirth of Freedom

THE LAUNCHING OF THE PALANCA AWARDS
•Headed by Carlos Palanca Sr. in 1950
•The first awardees in 1950-1951
–1
st
PRIZE – Kwento ni Mabuti (Genoveva Edroza)
–2
nd
PRIZE – Mabangis Kamay… Maamong Kamay
(Pedro S. Dandan)
–3
rd
PRIZE – Planeta, Buwan at mga Bituin (Elpidio P.
Kapulong)

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THE PERIOD OF ACTIVISM

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
•According to Pociano Pineda, youth activism in 1970-72
was due to domestic and worldwide causes. Activism is
connected with the history of our Filipino youth.

•Because of the ills of society, the youth moved to seek
reforms. Some continued to believe that the democratic
government is stable and that it is only the people running
the government who are at fault. Some believed that
socialism or communism should replace democracy.
Some armed groups were formed to bring down the
democratic form of government.

•Many young people became activists to ask for changes in
the government. In the expression of this desire for
change, keen were the writings of some youth who were
fired with nationalism in order to emphasize the importance
of their petitions.

THE PERIOD OF ACTIVISM (1970 – 1972)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
THE SEED OF ACTIVISM
•The seeds of activism resulted in the declaration of Martial
Law in 1972.
•The revolution against the powerful forces in the Philippines
can be said to be the monopoly of the youth in whose
veins flow the fire in their blood.
PERIOD OF BLOODY PLACARDS
•This was the time when the youth once more proved that it
is not the constant evasion that shapes our race and
nationalism.
THE LITERARY REVOLUTION
•The youth became completely rebellious.
•Campus newspapers showed rebellious emotions.
•The literature of the activists reached a point where they
stated boldly what should be done to effect these
changes.

THE PERIOD OF ACTIVISM (1970 – 1972)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures during the Period of Activism
(winners of the Palanca awards)
ENGLISH SHORT STORIES)
•The Ritual; The Archipelago (Cirilo F. Bautista)
•Beast in the Fields (Resil Mojares)
•Children of the City (Amadis Ma. Guerrero)
•Five Poems (Wilfredo Pascua Sanchez
•From Mactan to Mendiola (Frederico Licsi
ONE ACT PLAY
•The Grotesque Among Us (Maiden Flores)
BOOK PUBLISHED
•Days of Disquiet, Night of Rage; the First Quarters Storm and
Related Events

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ENGLISH POETRY
•The Tomato Game (N.V.M. Gonzales)
•The Apollo Centennial (Gregorio C. Brillantes)
•After This, our Exile (Elsa Martinez Coscolluela)
•Batik Maker and Other Poems (Virginia R. Moreno)
•The Edge of the Wind (Artemio Tadena)
•Tinikling (A Sheaf of Poems) (Frederico Licsi Espino, Jr.)
•Grave for Blue Flower (Jesus T. Peralta)
•The Undiscovered Country (Manuel M. Martell)
•The Boxes (Rolando S. Tinio)
•Now is the Time for all Good Men to Come to the Aid of their
Country (Julian E. Dacanay)
•The Renegade (Elsa Martinez Coscolluela)
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures during the Period of Activism
(winners of the Palanca awards)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
•JOSE F. LACABA‟s book triggered writers to become more
vocal of their anguish and frustrations in words describing
themselves as “gasping for the air, thirsting for the water of
freedom.” Thus, the Philippine Center for the International
PEN (Poets, Essayists, and Novelists) held a conference
centering on the “writer‟s lack of freedom in a climate of
fear.”
•Journalists came up with resolutions that pleaded for
causes other than their own – like the general amnesty for
political prisoners, and other secret decrees restricting free
expression.
•They requested editors and publishers to publish the real
names of writers in their columns. It called on media to
disseminate information on national interest without
partisan leanings and resolved to be united with all causes
decrying oppression and repression.

THE PERIOD OF ACTIVISM (1970 – 1972)

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THE PERIOD
OF NEW
SOCIETY

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
•The period of the New Society started on September 21, 1972.
•Almost all themes in most writings dealt with the development or
progress of the country – like the Green Revolution, family
planning, proper nutrition, environment, drug addiction and
pollution.
•The New Society tried to stop pornography or those writings
giving bad influences on the morals of the people.
•All school newspapers were temporarily stopped and so with
school organizations.
•The Ministry of Public Affairs supervised the newspapers, books
and other publications.
•The government took part in reviving old plays like the Cenaculo,
the Zarzuela and the Embayoka of the Muslims. The Cultural
Center of the Philippines, the Folk Arts Theater and even the old
Metropolitan Theater were rebuilt in order to have a place for
these plays.
•The weekly publications like KISLAP, and LIWAYWAY helped a lot
in the development of literature. These became outlets for our
writers to publish many of their works.

PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY (1972-1980)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
FILIPINO POETRY
•Themes of most poems dealt with patience, regard for native
culture, customs and the beauties of nature and surroundings.
•Many more composers added their bit during this period.
Among them were Freddie Aguilar, Jose Marie Chan and the
group Tito, Vic and Joey.
THE PLAY
•The government led in reviving old plays and dramas, like the
Tagalog Zarzuela, Cenaculo and the Embayoka of the Muslims
which were presented in the rebuilt Metropolitan Theater, the
Folk Arts Theater and the Cultural Center of the Philippines.
•Many schools and organizations also presented varied plays.
•The following organizations contributed a lot to the development
of plays during this period:
1. PETA of Cecille Guidote and Lino Brocka
2. Repertory Philippines: of Rebecca Godines and Zenaida
Amador
3. UP Repertory of Behn Cervantes
4. Teatro Filipino by Rolando Tinio

PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY (1972-1980)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
RADIO AND TELEVISION
•Radio continued to be patronized during this period. The
play series like SI MATAR, DAHLIA, ITO AND PALAD KO, and
MR. LONELY were the forms of recreation of those without
television. Even the new songs were first heard over the
airwaves.
•Popular television plays were GULONG NG PALAD, FLOR DE
LUNA, and ANNA LIZA.
•SUPERMAN AND TARZAN were also popular with the youth

FILIPINO FILMS
•A yearly Pista ng mga Pelikulng Pilipino (Yearly Filipino Film
Festival) was held during this time. During the festival which
lasted usually for a month, only Filipino films were shown in
all theaters in Metro Manila.
•New kinds of films without sex or romance started to be
made but which were nevertheless well-received by the
public
PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY (1972-1980)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures during the Period of the New Society
POETS
•Ponciano Pineda
•Aniceto Silvestre
•Jose Garcia Revelo
•Bienvenido Ramos

PLAYS
•Sining Embayoka – Mindanao State University
•Tales of Manuvu ( a new style of rock of the ballet opera)
FILMS
•Maynila… Sa Mga Kuko ng Liwanag (Lino Brocka)
•Minsa‟y Isang Gamu-gamo (Nora Aunor)
•Ganito Kami Noon… Paano Kayo Ngayon (Christopher de Leon)
•Insiang (hilda Coronel)
•Aguila (Fernando Poe Jr.)

•Vicente Dimasalang
•Cir Lopez Francisco
•Pelagio Sulit Cruz

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
COMICS, MAGAZINES AND OTHER PUBLICATIONS
•During this period of the New Society, newspapers donned new
forms. News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism
and the like were favored more than the sensationalized
reporting of killings, rape and robberies.
•Liwayway was the leading magazine.

THE PALANCA AWARDS
•The Palanca Awards established in 1950 continued to give
honor to great writers.
PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY (1972-1980)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures during the Period of the New Society
Some Winners in the Palanca Awards
SHORT STORY
•Spots on their Wings and
Other Stories (Antonio
Enriquez)
•The Cries of Children on an
April Afternoon in the Year
1957 (Gregorio C. Brillantes)
•The Day of the Locusts
(Leoncio P. Deriada)
•Romance and Faith on Mount
Banahaw (Alfred A. Yuson)

PLAY
•The Heart of Emptiness is
Back (Ricardo Demetillo)
•A Life in the Slums (Rolando
S. Tinio)
•AfterCare (Juan H. Alegre)
•Dulce Extranjera (Wilfredo D.
Nollede)
•Go, Rider (Azucena Crajo)
•Password (Paul Stephen Lim)
POETRY
•Charts (Cirilo F. Bautista)
•Montage (Ophelia A. Dimalanta)
•Identities (Artemio Tadena)
•Telex Moon (Cirilo F. Bautista)

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THE PERIOD OF THE
THIRD REPUBLIC

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
•After ten years of military rule and some changes in the life of the
Filipino which started under the New Society, Martial Rule was at
last lifted on January 2, 1981.

•the Philippines became a new nation and this; former President
Marcos called “The New Republic of the Philippines ”, but a
historian called this the Third Republic.

•During this period, it cannot be denied that many people
seethed with rebellion and protest because of the continued
oppression and suppression and this was aggravated with the
assassination of Senator Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. on August 21,
1983.

PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1981-1985)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
FILIPINO POETRY
•Poems during this period of the Third Republic were romantic and
revolutionary. Writers wrote openly of their criticism against the
government. The supplications of the people were coached in
fiery, colorful, violent, profane and insulting language.
FILIPINO SONGS
•Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that were really true-to-life
like those of grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God,
of country and of fellowmen.
•Many composers, grieved over Ninoy Aquino‟s treacherous
assassination, composed songs
PHILIPPINE FILMS
•The yearly Festival of Filipino Films continued to be held during this
period. The people‟s love for sex films also was unabated. Many
producers took advantage of this at the expense of public
morality.

PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1981-1985)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
POETRY IN ENGLISH
•Poets, surprisingly, by common consent, found themselves writing
on a common subject.
•The themes of most during this time dealt with courage, shock
and grief over the “treachery inflicted upon Aquino.”

MEDIA
•For journalists, it was a year loaded with libel charges, lawsuits
and seditious trials which they gallantly bore as harassment suits.
•In campuses, newspapers were set afire to protest lack of free
expression. Journalists suffered physically and otherwise.
•Opposition tabloids flourished. They sold out papers with the red
news to the starved public; hence, smut magazines like the TIKTIK,
PLAYBOY SCENE, and SAKDAL also played the sidewalks
•Radio led by RADIO VERITAS started reporting coverage of
demonstrations. Information Minister Gregorio Cendaña called
the tabloids the “mosquito press” and called their new “political
pornography.”
PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1981-1985)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
CHILDREN‟S BOOKS
•Among the well-loved forms of writing which abounded during
this period were those of children‟s stories. The Children‟s
Communication Center (CCC) directed by poet and writer
Virgilio S. Almario already has built up an impressive collection of
these kinds of books.

PROSE FABLES
•The people‟s cry of protest found outlets not only in poetry but
also in veiled prose fables which transparently satirized the
occupants of Malacañang.
•In all the fables, the king, differently referred to as Totus Markus or
the king or Haring Matinik was meant to poke fun at the ruler at
Malacañang; similarly, Reyna Maganda or the Queen, was a
veiled thrust at his queen. They were both drunk with power and
were punished in the end for their misdeeds.
PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1981-1985)

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TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures during the Period of the Third Republic

CHILDREN’S BOOKS
•Plays for Children (Jame B.
Reuters, S.J.)
•Story Telling for Young
Children
•Jose and Cardo (Peggy Corr
Manuel)
•Laho: 5 Filipino Folk Tales
•Rizaliana for Children:
Illustrations and Folktales by
Jose P. Rozal(annotated by
Alfredo Navrro Salanga)
•Gatan and Talaw (Jaime
Alipit

PROSE FABLES
•The Crown Jewels of
Heezenhurst (Sylvia Mendez
Ventura)
•The Emperor‟s New
Underwear (Meynardo A.
Macaraig)
•The King‟s Cold (Babath
Lolarga)
•The case of the Missing
Charisma (Sylvia L.
Mayugba)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
THE STATE OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH AT THIS TIME
•Isagani Cruz, writing about Philippine literature in the “Age of
Ninoy,” makes the following observations: “Philippines literature is
definitely changing,” and he summarizes these as follows:
1.Change in the direction of greater consciousness in content
and form.
2.Change in the number of readers and the number of writers
and the kind of class of writers. Writers who joined the ranks
came not only from the established or professional groups
but from all ranks – clerks, secretaries, drivers, housewives,
students; in short, the masses.
3.The resurgence of Balagtasismo and the continued
dominance of Modernismo. While Balagtasismo turned its
back on the American challenge to Philippine literature its
conservative conventions, Modernismo adapted
Americanization for its own ends.
4.The birth of a new poetic movement still dims in outline.
5.The apparent merging of the erstwhile separate streams of
oral and written literature.

PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1981-1985)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures during the Period of the Third Republic

SOME WRITERS DURING THIS PERIOD

•PHILIPPINE FOLK LITERATURE (Damiana Eugenio)
•ADVENTURES OF MARIAN (Carissa Orosa Uy)
•SOMEWHERE BETWEEN YOUR SMILE AND YOUR FROWN
AND OTHER POEMS (Bienvenido M. Noeiga Jr.)
•PARES-PARES (Bienvenido M. Noriega Jr.)
•AGON: POEMS, 1983 (Edgar B. Maranan)
•THE FARMER (Alfredo Navarro Salanga)
•THE ROAD TO MOWAB AND OTHER STORIES (Leoncio P.
Deriada)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures during the Period of the Third Republic
Palanca Award Winners
1981
In Hog Heaven (Jessie B. Garcia)
The Party Hopper (Luning Bonifacio-Ira)
In These Hallowed Halls (Jesus Q. Cruz )

1982
Heart Island (Jose Dalisay Jr.)
Pas de Deux (Azucena Grajo Uranza)
The Sky Is Always Blue (Joe Marie A. Abueg)

1982
Oldtimer (Jose Dalisay Jr )
Games (Jesus O. Cruz )
Perfect Sunday (Jose Y. Ayala )

•First Prize in poetry (Pilipino): Jose F. Lacaba
•Second Prize (English essay): Gregorio Brillantes
•Third Prize (English essay): Adrian Cristobal

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Literatures during the Period of the Third Republic
Palanca Award Winners

1984
The Reprieve (Susan S. Lara)
The Tangerine Gumamela (Sylvia Mendez Ventura)
The Little Wars of Filemon Sayre (Lemuel Torrevillas)
Stranger in an Asian City (Gregorio Brillantes)

1985
The Hand of God (Conrado de Quiros)
A Novel Prize for Jorge (Eli Ang Barroso)
Mecca of the East (Charles Loong)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
THE PERIOD AFTER
THE EDSA REVOLUTION

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

•History took another twist. Once more, the Filipino people
regained their independence which they lost twenty years ago.

•In the span of four days form February 21-25, 1986, the so-called
People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed. Together, the people
barricaded the streets petitioning the government for changes
and reforms. Freedom became a reality – won through a
peaceful, bloodless and God-blessed revolution.

•Philippine society was in turmoil for a few weeks but the rejoicing
after the Pres. Marcos was toppled down from power was sheer
euphoria. Singing, dancing and shouting‟s were the order of the
day.

•To the Filipino people, this is the true Philippine Republic, the true
Republic of the Philippines.

PERIOD AFTER EDSA REVOLUTION (1986-1999)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
THE STATE OF LITERATURE DURING THIS PERIOD
On Newspapers and other publications:
•Newspapers which were once branded crony newspapers
became instant opposition papers overnight. This was true of
BULLETIN TODAY which became the opposition paper. The now
crony newspapers that enjoyed an overnight increase in
circulation were THE INQUIRER, MALAYA, and the PEOPLE‟S
JOURNAL.
•Columnists became vocal and unrestricted in their writings and a
bumper crop of young journalists emerged.
•By June 12, 1986, a total of 19 local dailies both in English and
Filipino were in circulation.
On Books:
•Two books were conceived during the period. PEOPLE POWER
was produced under a grant by the PCI Bank Human Resources
Development Foundation, edited by Monina Allarey Mercado
and published by the James B. Reuter, S.J. Foundation
•Another one BAYAN KO was published by Project 28 Days LTD. in
June, 1986 in Kowloon, Hong Kong and co-published in the
Philippines by Veritas Publications and Communications
Foundation.

PERIOD AFTER EDSA REVOLUTION (1986-1999)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
TIME FRAME OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

FILIPINO SONGS DURING THIS PERIOD

•An album named HANDOG NG PILIPINO SA MUNDO
carried a compilation of some of these. The song that
continued to be sung throughout the trying period of
the Revolution, almost like a second national anthem
and which gave fire to the Filipino spirit was BAYAN
KO. Its lyrics were written by Jose Corazon de Jesus
way back in 1928.

PERIOD AFTER EDSA REVOLUTION (1986-1999)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Think of strategies that you can use to present the
periods of literature development in the Philippines to
your class targeting the skills that a 21
st
century learner
needs to develop. Consider the following:
1.time frame – four days
2.Type of learner – 21
st
century learners
3.Resources – the facilities & resources in your
school
4.Outcome (OBE)
5.Assessment

Use this matrix to present your output

DAY TOPIC
TEACHING
STRATEGY
21
ST
CENTURY
SKILL
DEVELOPED
OUTPUT OR
OUTCOME
ASSESSMENT

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Identify representative texts and authors
from each region (e.g. engage in oral
history research with focus on key
personalities from the students‟ region/
province/town)

1
st
QUARTER – Week 2
(EN12Lit-Ib-22)

CONTENT: canonical authors and works of
Philippine National Artists in Literature

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
National Artists in Literature
Amado V. Hernandez Hagonoy, Bulacan 1973 (++)
Jose Garcia Villa Singalong, Manila 1973 (+)
Nick M. Joaquin Paco, Manila 1976 (+)
Carlos P. Romulo Intramuros, Manila 1982 (+)
Francisco Arcellana Sta. Cruz, Manila 1990 (+)
N.V.M Gonzales
(Nestor Vicente
Madali Gonzalez)
Romblon 1997 (++)
Carlos Quirino
(Historical Literature)
1997 (+)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Edith L. Tiempo Bayombong,
Nueva Vizcaya
1999 (+)
F. Sionil Jose
(Francisco)
Rosales,
Pangasinan
2001
Virgilio S. Almario San Miguel,
Bulacan
2003
Alejandro R. Roces Manila 2003 (+)
Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera Lipa, Batangas 2006
Lazaro Francisco Orani, Bataan 2009 (+)
Cirilo F. Bautista 2014
National Artists in Literature

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
•Was a Filipino poet
•Blind since birth.
•He is the acknowledged
author of the Ilokano epic
BIAG NI LAM-ANG (Life of
Lam-ang).
•He is considered the "Father
of Ilokano Literature”
(March 1592 – c. 1630)

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
•was a Filipino poet in the
Spanish and Ilocano
languages.
•She is considered as the
"mother of Philippine
women's literature" and
the "bridge from oral to
literary tradition".
April 19, 1894 – October 4, 1884

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
•He was a Filipino American novelist and
poet best-known for the semi-
autobiographical “America is in the
Heart”
•His other novels include “The Laughter
of My Father”, which were originally
published as short sketches, and the
posthumously published “The Cry and
the Dedication” which detailed the
armed Huk Rebellion in the Philippines.
•One of his most famous essays was
"Freedom from Want," commissioned
by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt
as part of a series on the “Four
Freedoms” and published on March 26,
1943 in the Saturday Evening Post.
November 24, 1913 – September 13, 1956

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
•He was an Ilokano writer in
English, patriot, and martyr.
•He is known for his widely
anthologized short story
"How My Brother Leon
Brought Home a Wife," the
main story in the collection
"How My Brother Leon
Brought Home a Wife and
Other Short Stories" which
won first prize in the
Commonwealth Literary
Contest in 1940.
1911 - 1944

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
•He is one of the most widely-read
Filipino writers in the English
language.
•His novels and short stories depict
the social underpinnings of class
struggles and colonialism in Filipino
society.
•José's works - written in English -
have been translated into 22
languages, including Korean,
Indonesian, Russian, Latvian,
Ukrainian, Dutch
December 3, 1924

Senior High School Training for the K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 29-June 3,2017 and June 12 – 24, 2017 DMMMSU-SLUC, Agoo, La Union
Present the task (doodle, comic strip,
story map, picture talk) assigned to your
group based on the following questions:

1.Show the local color presented in the
story?
2.Present the Filipino values and
traditions that were highlighted in the
story.

To be done for 1 hour and to be
presented to the class.

21st century literature from the philippines and the world

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21st century literature from the philippines and the world

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